Ancient Greece Quiz 4 SPARTA

Which of the following was NOT a component of Spartan government? -A military tyrant -Two kings from two leading families with hereditary succession -A council of twenty-eight gerontes, the gerousia -Five ephors

A military tyrant

Which of the following did NOT distinguish Sparta from other poleis? -A patriarchal social system -A smaller gap between the wealthy and the lower classes -An economic system totally dependent on geographical and social distance between landowners and workers on the land -A strictly militaristic approach to social engineering

A patriarchal social system

What led non-Spartans to view Spartan women as prone to luxury, intemperance, and excessive personal freedom? - The fact that Spartan women had to manage most domestic affairs due to the chronic absence of their men on military duty -All of these answers are correct. -The fact that Spartan women received as dowries one-half of the amount of their parents' property that their brothers received as inheritance, while brides-to-be in other poleis received perhaps one-sixth -The fact that Spartan women could own and control property, while the women in most other poleis could not

All of these answers are correct.

What was the Battle of Hysiae in 669 BCE? -All of these answers are correct. -A battle at which the Spartans suffered defeat at the hands of the Argives -A battle that weakened the Spartans sufficiently that disenfranchised and resentful subjected populations felt confident enough to rebel against Sparta -A battle that may be viewed as setting the stage for the Second Messenian War

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following did NOT contribute to Spartan difficulties maintaining the size of their own population? -The absence of husbands at war or sleeping with their army groups when their wives were at their most fertile -High infant and juvenile mortality -Economic problems -Chronic issues with female fertility

Chronic issues with female fertility

Which of the following did NOT contribute to Spartan difficulties maintaining the size of their own population? -Xenophobia -Chronic problems with disease and malnutrition -Institutionalized male infanticide -Lack of trade and colonization

Chronic problems with disease and malnutrition

The Spartan economic goal was:

Economic equality

The magistrates who monitored boys' education and training as well as other aspects of Spartan life were called:

Ephors

Which of the following observations about Spartan children is FALSE? -All children received the same education under state supervision. -Children were divided according to age cohorts: children, boys, youths, young men, and adults. -Fathers decided how to raise their children. -Boys were trained to be physically hard and strong and able to fend for themselves as required once they were old enough to be hoplites.

Fathers decided how to raise their children.

Which of the following statements about the Spartan government is FALSE? -Five ephors were elected by acclamation and served for life. -The ephors exercised total control over the education of the young and enforced the iron discipline of Sparta, as well as being in charge of the krypteia ('secret police') who controlled the helots. -All adult male citizens served in a citizens' assembly, listening to and voting to either accept or refuse proposals from the gerousia. -Though admired for apparently balancing a monarchy, an oligarchy, and a democracy, the Spartan system actually was dominated by the oligarchic element-

Five ephors were elected by acclamation and served for life.

Which of the following observations about Greek society is FALSE? -For males and females alike, liaisons with members of the same sex provided much of the companionship, sexual pleasure, and sense of spiritual well-being associated with marriage by most in modern Western society. -Same-sex erotic relationships were considered potentially educational for both women and men as long as the element of physical attraction was not primary -Same-sex erotic relationships did not prevent their participants from entering into heterosexual marriages, or from having both the same-sex and the heterosexual relationships at the same time. -Greeks had the same binary division between homosexuality and heterosexuality that modern society has often tended to impose.

Greeks had the same binary division between homosexuality and heterosexuality that modern society has often tended to impose.

Which of the following statements about Spartan helots is FALSE? -Helots in Sparta were exactly the same as slaves elsewhere in Greece. -Helots lived in stable family groups on a farm assigned to them, and could not be sold abroad. -Helots had only the specific obligations of providing sustenance to the owner of the land, serving as auxiliaries in the army, and mourning at the deaths of kings and magistrates. They didn't have any other specific obligations to their masters. -The owner of each kleros was entitled to receive a certain amount of produce annually from the helots who worked it.

Helots in Sparta were exactly the same as slaves elsewhere in Greece

To whom is the creation of the Spartan system credited?

Lycurgus

Which of the following does NOT describe the Spartan ideal for males? -Refusal to run away or surrender; a willingness to die in protection of the city -Mandatory military service up to the age of forty -Starting military training at birth through testing newborns for strength and vitality -Skill and courage in battle

Mandatory military service up to the age of forty

What type of government did Sparta have?

Mixed constitution

How many colonies did Sparta found overseas?

One

Spartan women could do all of the following EXCEPT: -Exercise outdoors -Participate in government and politics -Receive an education -Control property

Participate in government and politics

Plato drew on an idealized vision of Sparta for his utopia in:

REPUBLIC

Spartan girls were all of the following EXCEPT: -Raised to be brave fighters -Expected to exercise outdoors regularly, to be well-nourished, and to drink win as part of their daily diet. -Bound by one single social obligation: childbearing. -Brought up according to the dictates of the Spartan state

Raised to be brave fighters

Helots may have outnumbered Spartan 'Equals' by a factor of:

Seven to one

What precisely set Sparta on the road toward creating the militaristic system for which the polis is so well known? -The victory of the Spartans in the Second Messenian War -The revelation of the Second Messenian War that there had to be a new way to enforce the servile status of all helots in Sparta -The victory of the helots at the Second Messenian War -The victory of the Spartans at Hysiae

he revelation of the Second Messenian War that there had to be a new way to enforce the servile status of all helots in Sparta

At what age did a Spartan boy join a 'herd'?

seven

Around 510 to 500 BCE, Sparta organized an alliance known today as:

The Peloponnesian League

How did Sparta make certain the inhabitants of the plain surrounding Sparta remained under their control?

They reduced a significant proportion of the plain to the servile status of hereditary subjects of the state, or helots

Which of the following best describes the Spartan regime?

Totalitarian

Which of the following did NOT have affinities with the Spartan regime? -Nazi Germany -Twentieth-century Communism -The works of some feminist theorists -Western capitalist society

Western capitalist society

Which of the following observations about the training of Spartan boys is FALSE? -Because martial valor was the only way to gain honor and respect from others, those who could not cope with military rigors were stigmatized harshly. -Individuals determined to be cowards were forced to wear cloaks with colored patches and to only partially shave their beards, advertising their status to all who saw them and submitting them to public humiliation. -Anyone assumed to be a coward was seen as having dishonored the entire family and there therefore despised by their own kindred, as well as being unable to hold public office or marry anyone who knew who they were. -The success rate in forging Spartan soldiers according to the prescribed mold was 100%.

The success rate in forging Spartan soldiers according to the prescribed mold was 100%.

How were Spartan women marked outwardly according to their age class?

Their hairstyle

How did Sparta relieve the pressures of limited land and resources as the Archaic Age population expanded?

They expanded over and conquered their neighbors, gaining control over the entirety of the plain of Laconia by the end of the eighth century.

At what age did Spartan boys perform their preliminary military service?

14-20 years

At what age were Spartan males permitted to marry?

20-30

Of the population of Laconia and Sparta, ___ were actually disenfranchised from governmental participation.

95%

Which of the following is NOT true of Spartan marriage practices? -Weddings were undertaken by capture, in secret, and spouses might be selected by the putting of an age cohort of marriageable men and women in a dark room and having them feel around until they found a mate randomly. -A close emotional attachment was expected. -Young married couples did not live together even in peacetime because married men had to continue living in the barracks until they were thirty years old. -The sole purpose of marriage was reproduction, and couples were permitted to find other spouses if their unions proved infertile.

A close emotional attachment was expected.

Why is it difficult to study Sparta and its surrounding region of Laconia?

Because so many of the sources about Sparta are influenced by their acceptance of an idealized view of Sparta

Spartan men ate their meals:

In common mess halls with about fifteen members of his army group called 'syssitia'

Plutarch, a major source for the customs and institutions of Sparta, lived:

In the Roman Empire of the first century CE

The Spartans were permitted to use money made only of:

Iron

Which of the following observations about perioeci is FALSE? -Like the helots, the perioeci were essentially slaves. -Perioeci were obligated to serve in the army but were not permitted to participate in government. -Perioeci enjoyed some local autonomy and in many ways lived like the majority of non-Spartan Greeks, working as homemakers, farmers, craftsmen, and merchants. -Perioeci constituted an essential part of the Spartan economic system.

Like the helots, the perioeci were essentially slaves.

Which of the following statements about the military training of boys in Sparta is FALSE? -Magistrates inspected the boys daily and examined them in the nude every ten days. -Boys were trained barefoot and often in the nude; they never wore a tunic and only had one cloak to wear all year long regardless of the weather. -Like the other poleis, Spartans made war only in the summer. - The boys slept in groups on rough mats they'd made themselves, and were encouraged to gain cunning and self-reliance by stealing to supplement their rations—but were punished harshly if caught

Like the other poleis, Spartans made war only in the summer

Which of the following statements about Sparta is FALSE? -Sparta was not really all that wealthy in comparison to other Greek poleis. -Spartan women were famed for their beauty and their choruses. -Spartan pottery was very high in quality and desired across the Mediterranean. -Luxury items known to be popular in Sparta include racehorses, purple textiles, and gold jewelry.

Sparta was not really all that wealthy in comparison to other Greek poleis.

Which of the following statements about Sparta is FALSE? -Sparta's governmental intrusion into its citizens' daily life was no more and no less considerable than any other polis. -Like the other poleis, Sparta was patriarchal and polytheistic, relied on servile labor and an agricultural economy, and revered both law and martial valor. -Other Greek city-states were impressed by the patriotism and selflessness inherent to the Spartan system. -The Spartans' denial of individuality fostered a powerful sense of belonging that other Greeks envied.

Sparta's governmental intrusion into its citizens' daily life was no more and no less considerable than any other polis.

What was the First Messenian War?

The conflict by which Sparta defeated Messenia and came to control enough additional territory to become one of the largest Greek states

What was the Second Messenian War?

The conflict in which the Messenians rebelled against Spartan authority but were nevertheless defeated and compelled to accept Spartan overlordship and helot status

Which of the following did NOT feed into the so-called 'Spartan mirage'?

The enmity of those who supported Athens