Animal Science Industry Certification Study Guide UPDATED

What percent of college graduates in agriculture work in areas of marketing, merchandising and sales?

33%

What is the minimum breeding age for gilts?

At their second or third estrus after reaching puberty.

What occupation falls under the category "Ag Production Specialist?"

Farm Manager

Which two states lead the nation in milk production?

California and Wisconsin

What organ allows horses to digest large amounts of roughages?

Cecum

What semipermeable cell structure surrounds the nucleus and cytoplasm of a cell?

Cell membrane

What type of business is created, owned, and controlled by members?

Cooperative

After ovulation, what forms on the ovary of animals that release the hormone progesterone?

Corpus luteum

Who regulates the disposal of Florida's biomedical waste?

Department of Environmental Protection

Which farm animal causes the most injuries to people between the ages of 5-25 years old?

Horses

What is the characteristic of ideal market hogs?

Limited bruises, abscesses of injection site blemishes

What are current U.S. eating habits are influencing demand for livestock products?

More food consumption away from home

How should farmers/farm managers respond to OHSA inspectors visiting the farm to check the compliance of safety and health laws?

Permit the inspector to check the farm

If smaller animals have greater protein amounts per acre, which livestock type results in the highest amount of protein per acre of production?

Poultry

What does paleness in the nose lining and eyelids mean when selecting breeding sheeps?

Poor health

What term defines animals who regurgitate and chew their food after they've already swallowed it?

Ruminants

What type of vaccine uses dead bacteria/viruses to generate immune responses?

Killed vaccines

What is the result of vertical integration in the poultry industry?

Larger, more efficient operations in the poultry industry

What muscle system is involved in digestion/other internal organ activities of animals?

Smooth muscle system

Why must you pull back on the syringe plunger before injecting intramuscular injection drugs?

To be sure the syringe is in the muscle and not a vein

Why are food additives given to horses?

To control gastrointestinal worm infections

Why must you handle sheep to determine present conformation and muscling?

Wool hides some of these traits from inspection

What does OSHA require employers to keep records of?

Work-related injuries and illnesses

What is outcrossing?

unrelated animals within the same breed are mated

What chute width reduces a hog's ability to turn around inside?

18 to 24 inches

What should a debt-to-net worth ratio not exceed?

3:1

What is important to keep individual livestock animal records?

A system for animal identification

How is the snuffles in rabbits treated?

Antibiotics

What is the only stomach part working in newborn ruminant animals?

Abomasum

What animal science related job falls under the job category "Managers and Financial Specialist?

Agronomist

How should sounds and noises be used to move cattle?

Always handle cattle calmly and quietly

What federal law controls the sale, transport, and handling of dogs/cats of research institutions?

Animal Enterprise Protection Act of 1992

What view is most likely held by an animal welfare supporters?

Animals should be treated humanely, but animals can be used to benefit humans

What breeding type is when breeders use insemination tubes to deposit sperm into the cervix/uterus of cows?

Artificial insemination (AI)

What part of the skeletal system are the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage part of?

Axial

What helps ruminant animals digest large amounts of roughage?

Bacteria with the rumen

What tools administers oral medication at the back of livestock's by using a long barrel?

Balling gun

What should dairy calves be checked for when first born?

Be sure it can breathe adequately

Which is the term for methods taken to prevent biological harm to living things from pests, diseases, and bio terrorism?

Bio security

What two factors are judged equally when evaluating Angora goats?

Body and fleece

What two common methods sterilize instruments and supplies used in animal health?

Boiling and pressurized steam

What is the scientific name foe most domestic cattle breeds?

Bos Taurus

What bacterial disease in swine causes abortion in the early gestation period and is spread ftom infected boars/fetuses?

Brucellosis

What two minerals are important to balance rations?

Calcium and phosphorus

What nutrient is an energy source in livestock feed?

Carbohydrates

What is a normal behavior for cattle?

Cattle hesitate to enter what appears to be a dead end

What is the first thing you do for a chemical (swallowing/contacting)?

Check the chemical container label

What information is kept on doe performance cards for production rabbits?

Date bred and buck used

In what reproductive organ in cattle does fertilization happen?

Fallopian tube

What kind of degree is generally necessary to have a research position as an Ag Scientist Engineer?

Doctorate

What safety hazard is created when there are overflowing waterers or faucets that do not turn off completely in livestock facilities?

Electric shock hazards

What government agency issues regulations regarding chemicals used in livestock industry?

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

What is indicated when cows exhibit nervousness, frequent urination, stand still to be mounted?

Estrous

Modern cattle are descendants from part what part of the world?

Europe

What is the basis for sound management decision in livestock production?

Good records

What should poultry rations include?

Grain and protein supplements

What is the best indicator of potential fertility in young rams?

Growth rate

What does a capacious, strongly attached, weel-carries udder mean when selecting dairy goats?

Heavy milk production and a long period of usefulness

Where should intramuscular injections be given to beef cattle?

In front of the shoulder

What is the best way to measure a hog's temperature?

In the rectum using a mecury or digital thermometer

How are most anesthetic drugs given to allow quick responses to medication?

Intravenous injections

What is the greatest chance of injury from when working with horses?

Kicking

what animal science occupational term defines the career category "Marketing, Merchandising, and Sales Representatives?

Livestock Buyer

What is a valuable method to determine a bull's fitness for breeding?

Measuring the circumference of the scrotum

What is true of the dairy industry?

Milk production is concentrated in some states

What precautions should be followed when leading a horse into a trailer?

Only lead the animals in if the trailer has a front exit

What mammal female reproductive organ makes the ova and female sex hormones?

Ovaries

How will the per consumption of poultry change in the future?

Per person consuption of poultry is expected to increase

What factors should be considered when individual producers select a market for livestock?

Price, cost of marketing, and convenience

What's the function of the papilla in male chickens?

Produces sperm and seminal fluid

Beef cattle farmers, ranchers, and farm managers fall into what category of agricultural careers?

Production

What safety precautions reduce danget from toxic gases from livestock confinement buildings?

Proper ventilation of the building should be maintained using windows, fans ir specialized equipment

What is the purpose of using livestock marketplaces to sell beef cattle?

Provide a place for animals to be vaccinated

What is a balance ration of feed?

Ration has all essential nutrients in the right proportions and amounts

What is the proper treatment for someone with heat exhaustion?

Rest, drink fluids, and restore salt to the body

How do you warm chilled injectable medication before administrating it to animals?

Roll the syringe between your hands ti warm it

What does a maintenance ration for beef cattle include?

Roughages

What fatal disease confirmed by microscopic examination of brain tissue affects the central nervous system of sheep and goats?

Scrapie

What practice was prohibited by the Horse Protection Act of 1970?

Soring

What is a normal behavior for hogs?

Stay in/return to an area they are familiar with

What animal species can digest the least percentage of the roughage in the food they eat?

Swine

What federal agency enforces federal legislation on the human treatment and care of animals?

The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the USDA (APHIS)

Why are loading and unloading operations dangerous when working with cattle?

The animals are excited and confused

Why is loading/unloading cattle dangerous?

The animals are excited and confused about what is happening

How does poultry reproduction differ from mammal reproduction?

The embryo develops outside of the mother in poultry but in mammals it develops inside.

What is the projection of college graduates for future job opportunities in agriculture?

The number of college graduates will be roughly the same as the number of jobs available

Why are zoonoses potential health/safety hazards in livestock productons?

They are diseases/parasites that can be transmitted between man and animals

Why are sheep timid, defenseless, and the least intelligent of the tame animal?

They have selective breeding for herding in large groups

What is the purpose of synchronization of estrus within a cow-calf herd?

To have all cows in the herd calve within a short period of the time

What is one reason to be knowledgeable of animal digestive systems?

To help select proper livestock feed

How does knowledge of different types of digestive systems help livestock producers?

To help select proper livestock feeds

Why are broad spectrum antibiotics sometimes used as feed additives for beef cattle?

To improve rate of grain and feed efficiency

Why should veterinarians treat the healthy animals before the sick rabbits?

To prevent spreading disease or infections from sick to healthy animals

What teeth characteristics of possible breeding sheep indicate that an ewe is 1 year old?

Two center incisors have been replaced by two broad large permanent teeth

What USDA agency enforces/verifies that meat and poultry processing plants meet regulations?

USFA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)

What reproductive problems come from underfeeding energy feed to developing heifers?

Under feeding delays the time

What can be done to prevent horses from halter pulling?

Using a heavy halter or heavy rope around the neck when tying the horse

Regarding animal health, what is the greatest challenge in animal production?

Using fewer drugs/pharmaceuticals while producing healthy animals

What is the female mammal's reproductive/urinary system's opening called?

Vulva

What record types are needed for registered or non registered horses in case the animal is lost or stolen?

identification records