Animal Science Industry Certification Study Guide UPDATED
What percent of college graduates in agriculture work in areas of marketing, merchandising and sales?
33%
What is the minimum breeding age for gilts?
At their second or third estrus after reaching puberty.
What occupation falls under the category "Ag Production Specialist?"
Farm Manager
Which two states lead the nation in milk production?
California and Wisconsin
What organ allows horses to digest large amounts of roughages?
Cecum
What semipermeable cell structure surrounds the nucleus and cytoplasm of a cell?
Cell membrane
What type of business is created, owned, and controlled by members?
Cooperative
After ovulation, what forms on the ovary of animals that release the hormone progesterone?
Corpus luteum
Who regulates the disposal of Florida's biomedical waste?
Department of Environmental Protection
Which farm animal causes the most injuries to people between the ages of 5-25 years old?
Horses
What is the characteristic of ideal market hogs?
Limited bruises, abscesses of injection site blemishes
What are current U.S. eating habits are influencing demand for livestock products?
More food consumption away from home
How should farmers/farm managers respond to OHSA inspectors visiting the farm to check the compliance of safety and health laws?
Permit the inspector to check the farm
If smaller animals have greater protein amounts per acre, which livestock type results in the highest amount of protein per acre of production?
Poultry
What does paleness in the nose lining and eyelids mean when selecting breeding sheeps?
Poor health
What term defines animals who regurgitate and chew their food after they've already swallowed it?
Ruminants
What type of vaccine uses dead bacteria/viruses to generate immune responses?
Killed vaccines
What is the result of vertical integration in the poultry industry?
Larger, more efficient operations in the poultry industry
What muscle system is involved in digestion/other internal organ activities of animals?
Smooth muscle system
Why must you pull back on the syringe plunger before injecting intramuscular injection drugs?
To be sure the syringe is in the muscle and not a vein
Why are food additives given to horses?
To control gastrointestinal worm infections
Why must you handle sheep to determine present conformation and muscling?
Wool hides some of these traits from inspection
What does OSHA require employers to keep records of?
Work-related injuries and illnesses
What is outcrossing?
unrelated animals within the same breed are mated
What chute width reduces a hog's ability to turn around inside?
18 to 24 inches
What should a debt-to-net worth ratio not exceed?
3:1
What is important to keep individual livestock animal records?
A system for animal identification
How is the snuffles in rabbits treated?
Antibiotics
What is the only stomach part working in newborn ruminant animals?
Abomasum
What animal science related job falls under the job category "Managers and Financial Specialist?
Agronomist
How should sounds and noises be used to move cattle?
Always handle cattle calmly and quietly
What federal law controls the sale, transport, and handling of dogs/cats of research institutions?
Animal Enterprise Protection Act of 1992
What view is most likely held by an animal welfare supporters?
Animals should be treated humanely, but animals can be used to benefit humans
What breeding type is when breeders use insemination tubes to deposit sperm into the cervix/uterus of cows?
Artificial insemination (AI)
What part of the skeletal system are the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage part of?
Axial
What helps ruminant animals digest large amounts of roughage?
Bacteria with the rumen
What tools administers oral medication at the back of livestock's by using a long barrel?
Balling gun
What should dairy calves be checked for when first born?
Be sure it can breathe adequately
Which is the term for methods taken to prevent biological harm to living things from pests, diseases, and bio terrorism?
Bio security
What two factors are judged equally when evaluating Angora goats?
Body and fleece
What two common methods sterilize instruments and supplies used in animal health?
Boiling and pressurized steam
What is the scientific name foe most domestic cattle breeds?
Bos Taurus
What bacterial disease in swine causes abortion in the early gestation period and is spread ftom infected boars/fetuses?
Brucellosis
What two minerals are important to balance rations?
Calcium and phosphorus
What nutrient is an energy source in livestock feed?
Carbohydrates
What is a normal behavior for cattle?
Cattle hesitate to enter what appears to be a dead end
What is the first thing you do for a chemical (swallowing/contacting)?
Check the chemical container label
What information is kept on doe performance cards for production rabbits?
Date bred and buck used
In what reproductive organ in cattle does fertilization happen?
Fallopian tube
What kind of degree is generally necessary to have a research position as an Ag Scientist Engineer?
Doctorate
What safety hazard is created when there are overflowing waterers or faucets that do not turn off completely in livestock facilities?
Electric shock hazards
What government agency issues regulations regarding chemicals used in livestock industry?
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
What is indicated when cows exhibit nervousness, frequent urination, stand still to be mounted?
Estrous
Modern cattle are descendants from part what part of the world?
Europe
What is the basis for sound management decision in livestock production?
Good records
What should poultry rations include?
Grain and protein supplements
What is the best indicator of potential fertility in young rams?
Growth rate
What does a capacious, strongly attached, weel-carries udder mean when selecting dairy goats?
Heavy milk production and a long period of usefulness
Where should intramuscular injections be given to beef cattle?
In front of the shoulder
What is the best way to measure a hog's temperature?
In the rectum using a mecury or digital thermometer
How are most anesthetic drugs given to allow quick responses to medication?
Intravenous injections
What is the greatest chance of injury from when working with horses?
Kicking
what animal science occupational term defines the career category "Marketing, Merchandising, and Sales Representatives?
Livestock Buyer
What is a valuable method to determine a bull's fitness for breeding?
Measuring the circumference of the scrotum
What is true of the dairy industry?
Milk production is concentrated in some states
What precautions should be followed when leading a horse into a trailer?
Only lead the animals in if the trailer has a front exit
What mammal female reproductive organ makes the ova and female sex hormones?
Ovaries
How will the per consumption of poultry change in the future?
Per person consuption of poultry is expected to increase
What factors should be considered when individual producers select a market for livestock?
Price, cost of marketing, and convenience
What's the function of the papilla in male chickens?
Produces sperm and seminal fluid
Beef cattle farmers, ranchers, and farm managers fall into what category of agricultural careers?
Production
What safety precautions reduce danget from toxic gases from livestock confinement buildings?
Proper ventilation of the building should be maintained using windows, fans ir specialized equipment
What is the purpose of using livestock marketplaces to sell beef cattle?
Provide a place for animals to be vaccinated
What is a balance ration of feed?
Ration has all essential nutrients in the right proportions and amounts
What is the proper treatment for someone with heat exhaustion?
Rest, drink fluids, and restore salt to the body
How do you warm chilled injectable medication before administrating it to animals?
Roll the syringe between your hands ti warm it
What does a maintenance ration for beef cattle include?
Roughages
What fatal disease confirmed by microscopic examination of brain tissue affects the central nervous system of sheep and goats?
Scrapie
What practice was prohibited by the Horse Protection Act of 1970?
Soring
What is a normal behavior for hogs?
Stay in/return to an area they are familiar with
What animal species can digest the least percentage of the roughage in the food they eat?
Swine
What federal agency enforces federal legislation on the human treatment and care of animals?
The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the USDA (APHIS)
Why are loading and unloading operations dangerous when working with cattle?
The animals are excited and confused
Why is loading/unloading cattle dangerous?
The animals are excited and confused about what is happening
How does poultry reproduction differ from mammal reproduction?
The embryo develops outside of the mother in poultry but in mammals it develops inside.
What is the projection of college graduates for future job opportunities in agriculture?
The number of college graduates will be roughly the same as the number of jobs available
Why are zoonoses potential health/safety hazards in livestock productons?
They are diseases/parasites that can be transmitted between man and animals
Why are sheep timid, defenseless, and the least intelligent of the tame animal?
They have selective breeding for herding in large groups
What is the purpose of synchronization of estrus within a cow-calf herd?
To have all cows in the herd calve within a short period of the time
What is one reason to be knowledgeable of animal digestive systems?
To help select proper livestock feed
How does knowledge of different types of digestive systems help livestock producers?
To help select proper livestock feeds
Why are broad spectrum antibiotics sometimes used as feed additives for beef cattle?
To improve rate of grain and feed efficiency
Why should veterinarians treat the healthy animals before the sick rabbits?
To prevent spreading disease or infections from sick to healthy animals
What teeth characteristics of possible breeding sheep indicate that an ewe is 1 year old?
Two center incisors have been replaced by two broad large permanent teeth
What USDA agency enforces/verifies that meat and poultry processing plants meet regulations?
USFA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)
What reproductive problems come from underfeeding energy feed to developing heifers?
Under feeding delays the time
What can be done to prevent horses from halter pulling?
Using a heavy halter or heavy rope around the neck when tying the horse
Regarding animal health, what is the greatest challenge in animal production?
Using fewer drugs/pharmaceuticals while producing healthy animals
What is the female mammal's reproductive/urinary system's opening called?
Vulva
What record types are needed for registered or non registered horses in case the animal is lost or stolen?
identification records