anthropology chapter 4 UPDATED
Learning important lessons about life in America.
A believer in cultural imperialism would explain that people who watch American television in remoteplaces like a Walpiri camp in the Australian outback are
They explain the apparent decline of cultural diversity.
A central feature of cultural convergence theories is that
Anthropologists of development are analysts of development -Development anthropologists seek ways to influence it from within
A key difference between anthropologists of development and development anthropologists is
The reduction or elimination of tariffs to promote trade.
A key feature of financial globalization is
in a government hearing on immigration policy -By traveling with migrants as they cross borders in the Southwest -By interviewing border officials
A multi-sited ethnographer studying Mexican migrants in the United States would be most likely toconduct fieldwork
friction syncretism creolization
A synonym for hybridization is
Lending itself readily to ethnographic methodology.
A world systems theory is important for all of the following reasons except
globalization
According to anthropologists, __________ is the contemporary widening of scale of cross-culturalinteractions owing to the rapid movement of money, people, goods, images, and ideas
imperialism
Cultural __________ occurs when influential nations of the West impose their products and beliefs onless powerful nation
Difference
Cultural __________ often exist not in spite of but because of global interconnections
isolation of communities
Cultural differences are often caused by
advocates of poor and marginalized people
Development anthropologists often think of themselves as
Diffusionists
Early twentieth-century Boasian anthropologists who held that culturalcharacteristics result from either internal historical dynamism or a spread (diffusion) ofcultural attributes from other societies
history
Eric Wolf encouraged anthropologists to consider what in their field studies
corporations to move factories from one country to another
Financial globalization has allowed for
diffusionists
Franz Boas and his students were __________, emphasizing that cultural characteristics result from aspread of cultural attributes from one society to another
Overarching importance of listening to the priorities of the neighbors.
If a development anthropologist were to get involved in a project in your city that is revitalizing a poorneighborhood, they would probably emphasize
The unexpected social patterns that emerge from intermingling between athletes, fans, and officials from different countries.
In a study on the Olympics a hybridization theorist would likely focus on
expand state power
James Ferguson, who is an anthropologist of development, argues that development exist
Winners and losers
Many arguments over global integration are about __________, but anthropologists are just asinterested in cultural nuances such as inequality, confrontation, domination, and resistance
World culture
Norms and values that extend across national boundaries
transitional
Often, anthropologists use the term "__________" rather than "globalization" to refer to the "global"circulation of goods and people
On their own terms
People around the world often think of development as undermining self-determination but will oftenaccept it when it is _______
consuming coca cola watching tv migrating to distant cities for work (all of the above)
People participate in globalization by
Exiles
People who are expelled by the authorities of their home countrie
Immigrants
People who leave their countries with no expectation of ever returning
Migrants
People who leave their homes to work for a time in other regions or countries
migrants
People who leave their homes to work for a time in other regions or countries are called
Refugees
People who migrate because of political oppression or war, usually with legalpermission to stay in a different country
Hybridization
Persistent cultural mixing that has no predetermined direction or endpoint.
The more open a country is to foreign trade, the better the economy will be by standard measures.
Promoters of globalization highlight which of the following?
mean that people in remote places can be in contact with people all over the world
Rapid increases in the scale and amount of communication
Transnational
Relationships that extend beyond nation-state boundaries without assuming they cover the whole world
Development anthropology
The application of anthropological knowledge and researchmethods to the practical aspects of shaping and implementing development projects
Localization
The creation and assertion of highly particular, often place-based identitiesand communities
localization
The creation and assertion of highly particular, often place-based, identities and communities is known as __________
Anthropology of development
The field of study within anthropology concerned withunderstanding the cultural conditions for proper development or, alternatively, thenegative impacts of development projects
Postcolonialism
The field that studies the cultural legacies of colonialism andimperialism
improving health expanding capitalism markets alleviating poverty (all of the above)
The major goal of "development" is
Accumulate prestige and a higher social status
The most important goal of the Congolese sapeur is to
Localization
The recent rise of autonomy movements among Hawaiian separatists and Basques in Europe areexamples of
It highlights how people impose local meanings on objects.
The research that anthropologist Richard Rouse has done on the effects of migration on the Mexicanvillage of Aguililla is interesting because
Push-pull factors
The social, economic, and political factors that "push" people to migratefrom their homes and that "pull" them to host countries.
clash if civilizations theory
The theory that as a result of global capitalist expansion, the world is divided between a dominant"core" and a dependent "periphery" is
World systems theory
The theory that capitalism has expanded on the basis of unequalexchange throughout the world, creating a global market and a global division of labor,dividing the world between a dominant "core" and a dependent "periphery."
Globalization
The widening scale of cross-cultural interactions caused by the rapidmovement of money, people, goods, images, and ideas within nations and across nationalboundaries
all of the above
Which of the following are areas of social activity that globalization affects?
Comparative
Which of the following best describes the methodology of multi-sited ethnography?
It explains why conflict is growing in the world.
Which of the following is not true about hybridization theories?
-Better explain the historical emergence of development patterns throughout the world -Better explain uneven development through time and space -Better understand local social relations
World systems theory helped anthropologists
A historical study of indigenous resistance to colonialism.
World systems theory would be most suited to which of the following research projects?
exiles
_________ are people who are expelled by the authorities of their home countries.
True
t/f A key marker of development anthropology's success is when local perspectives and voices are paid attention to in development projects
false
t/f Anthropologists are generally ignored by "development" experts at institutions like the World Bank
True
t/f Globalization and localization are complementary dynamics.
False
t/f Globalization is exciting to anthropologists right now because they have never studied interconnectivity before
true
t/f Localization is the flip side of globalization.
false
t/f People in the periphery responded passively to capitalist expansion
False
t/f The authors think that cultural diversity persists in the world because cultures have been isolated fromeach other for so long but that diversity is bound to disappear as cultures intermingle more
true
t/f The processes of capital accumulation and the expansion of European colonialism disrupted manysocieties.
false
t/f When people consume the same clothes, food, and goods they eventually think and behave the same