Anthropology Quiz #2

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Materialism

A Marxist theory emphasizing the ways in which human social and cultural practices are influenced by basic subsistence (economic) needs

Rite of Passage

A ceremony designed to transition individuals between life stages

Gender Ideology

A complex set of beliefs about gender and gendered capacities, propensities, preferences, identities and socially expected behaviors and interactions that apply to males, females, and other gender categories. Gender ideology can differ among cultures and is acquired through enculturation.

Third Gender

A gender identity that exists in non-binary gender systems offering one or more gender roles separate from male or female

Community of Practice

A group of people who engaged in a shared activity or vocation, such as dance or medicine

Cultural Performance

A performance such as a concert or play

Animatism

A religious system organized around a belief in an impersonal or supernatural force

Animism

A religious system organized around a belief that plants, animals, inanimate objects, or natural phenomena have a spiritual or supernatural element

Cultural Ecology

A subfield of cultural anthropology that explores the relationship between human cultural beliefs and practice in the ecosystems in which those beliefs and practices occur

Anthropocene

A term proposed to describe the current moment in geological time in which the effects of human activities have altered the fundamental geochemical cycles of the earth. (Most likely began with Industrialization)

Rite of Intensification

Actions designed to bring a community together, often following a period of crisis

Cosmology

An explanation for the origin or history of the world

Political Ecology

An interdisciplinary field of research that emphasizes the political and economic dimensions of environmental concerns

Revitalization Rituals

Attempts to resolve serious problems, such as war, famine or poverty through a spiritual or supernatural intervention

Performing Culture

Everyday words and actions that reflect cultural ideas and can be studied by anthropologists as a means of understanding culture

Indigenous Media

Media produced by and for indigenous communities, often outside of the commercial mainstream

Mass Communication

One-to-many communication that privileges the sender and/or owner of the technology that transmits the media

Hegemony

Power so pervasive that it is rarely acknowledged or even recognized, yet informs everyday actions

Magic

Practices intended to bring supernatural forces under one's personal control

Global South

Refers to the poorest countries of the world. The definition includes countries that are sometimes called "Third World" or "Least Developed Economies."

Hetereonormativity

Refers to the un-noticed systems of rights and privileges that accompany normative sexual choices and family formation

Global North

Refers to the wealthier countries of the world. The definition includes countries that are sometimes called "First World" or "Highly Developed Economies"

Syncretism

The combination of different beliefs, even those that are seemingly contradictory, into a new harmonious whole

Religion

The extension of human society and culture to include the supernatural

Mediascape

The flow of media across borders

Financescape

The flow of money across political borders

Ethnoscape

The flow of people across boundaries

Neoliberalism

The ideology of free-market capitalism emphasizing privatization and unregulated markets

Commodity Chain

The series of steps a food takes from location where it is produced to the store where it is sold

Gender

The set of culturally and historically invented beliefs and expectations about gender that one learns and performs.

Biological Determinism

Theory that biological differences between males and females leads to fundamentally different capacities, preferences, and gendered behaviors. This scientifically unsupported view suggests that gender roles are rooted in biology, not culture.

Performativity

Words or actions that cause something to happen


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