Anthropology Quiz #2
Materialism
A Marxist theory emphasizing the ways in which human social and cultural practices are influenced by basic subsistence (economic) needs
Rite of Passage
A ceremony designed to transition individuals between life stages
Gender Ideology
A complex set of beliefs about gender and gendered capacities, propensities, preferences, identities and socially expected behaviors and interactions that apply to males, females, and other gender categories. Gender ideology can differ among cultures and is acquired through enculturation.
Third Gender
A gender identity that exists in non-binary gender systems offering one or more gender roles separate from male or female
Community of Practice
A group of people who engaged in a shared activity or vocation, such as dance or medicine
Cultural Performance
A performance such as a concert or play
Animatism
A religious system organized around a belief in an impersonal or supernatural force
Animism
A religious system organized around a belief that plants, animals, inanimate objects, or natural phenomena have a spiritual or supernatural element
Cultural Ecology
A subfield of cultural anthropology that explores the relationship between human cultural beliefs and practice in the ecosystems in which those beliefs and practices occur
Anthropocene
A term proposed to describe the current moment in geological time in which the effects of human activities have altered the fundamental geochemical cycles of the earth. (Most likely began with Industrialization)
Rite of Intensification
Actions designed to bring a community together, often following a period of crisis
Cosmology
An explanation for the origin or history of the world
Political Ecology
An interdisciplinary field of research that emphasizes the political and economic dimensions of environmental concerns
Revitalization Rituals
Attempts to resolve serious problems, such as war, famine or poverty through a spiritual or supernatural intervention
Performing Culture
Everyday words and actions that reflect cultural ideas and can be studied by anthropologists as a means of understanding culture
Indigenous Media
Media produced by and for indigenous communities, often outside of the commercial mainstream
Mass Communication
One-to-many communication that privileges the sender and/or owner of the technology that transmits the media
Hegemony
Power so pervasive that it is rarely acknowledged or even recognized, yet informs everyday actions
Magic
Practices intended to bring supernatural forces under one's personal control
Global South
Refers to the poorest countries of the world. The definition includes countries that are sometimes called "Third World" or "Least Developed Economies."
Hetereonormativity
Refers to the un-noticed systems of rights and privileges that accompany normative sexual choices and family formation
Global North
Refers to the wealthier countries of the world. The definition includes countries that are sometimes called "First World" or "Highly Developed Economies"
Syncretism
The combination of different beliefs, even those that are seemingly contradictory, into a new harmonious whole
Religion
The extension of human society and culture to include the supernatural
Mediascape
The flow of media across borders
Financescape
The flow of money across political borders
Ethnoscape
The flow of people across boundaries
Neoliberalism
The ideology of free-market capitalism emphasizing privatization and unregulated markets
Commodity Chain
The series of steps a food takes from location where it is produced to the store where it is sold
Gender
The set of culturally and historically invented beliefs and expectations about gender that one learns and performs.
Biological Determinism
Theory that biological differences between males and females leads to fundamentally different capacities, preferences, and gendered behaviors. This scientifically unsupported view suggests that gender roles are rooted in biology, not culture.
Performativity
Words or actions that cause something to happen