Anxiety disorders

___ and ___ may play a role in development of anxiety

Serotonin and GABA

studies show that variations in the ___ ___ ___ or ____ system may cause some people to experience anxiety to a greater degree than others

autonomic nervous system; noradrenergic system

panic level

distorted perception, loss of rational thought immobility

anxiety disorders are ___ or ___ (usually lasting ___ months or more) beyond developmentally appropriate periods

excessive; persistant

the client fears a specific object or situation to an unreasonable level

phobias

most common anxiety disorders

simple phobia

don't usually use drugs for ____ ___ disorder except for ___ ___

social anxiety; test anxiety

acute stress disorder- exposure to a traumatic event causes ____, ____, and ____ for atleast ___ days but for no more than ___ month following the event

numbing, detachment, amnesia; 3; 1

four or more of the following manifestation are present during a panic attack

palpitations, sob, choking or smothering sensation, chest pain, nausea, feelings of depersonalization, fear of dying or insanity, chills or hot flashees

symptoms look similar to heart attack

panic disorder

the client exp recurrent panic attacks

panic disorder

most common anxiety disorder amongst those seeking treatment

panic disorder, they are painful

instill hope for ___ ___, but avoid

positive outcomes ; false reassurance

enhance client self esteem by encouraging ___ ___ and discussing ___ ___

positive statements; past achievements

will initiate response to danger

locus ceruleus

many clients with anxiety disorders share certain features

low self esteem , shy and timid nature in childhood, parents perceived as critical discomfort with aggression, long term exposure to abuse,violence or poverty may also increase the person susceptibility to an anxiety disorder

encodes info of threats into memories

hippocampus

twin studies show genetic component to ____ and ___ ___

ocd and panic disorder

anxiety can be due to an acute medical condition such as ____ or ___ ___

hyperthyroidism ; pulmonary embolism

severe

inability to function , ritualistic behavior, unresponsive

look at pg 92 in ati

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question number 5 on ati is good to look at

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panic attacks typically last

15-30 min

agoraphobia is when youre fearful and anxious about ___ or more of the following situations

2; using public transportation; being in open spaces, being in enclosed situations, standing in line or being in a crowd or being outside of the home alone in other situations. individ fears these situations because the thought that escape might be difficult. becomes severe will be housebound. very debilitating.

panic attack a dicrete period of intense fear or discomfort in which ___ or more of the following symptoms developed ___ and reached a peak within ___ min

4; abruptly ; 10 packet pg 38

GAD: characterized by atleast ___ months of persistant and excessive anxiety and worry about various domains including ___ and ___ ___ that the individual finds difficult to ___. in addition this individual experiences physical symptoms including ____ or feeling keyed up or on edge, being easily ___ difficulty ___ or mind going ___ , ___; __ __; and ___ ___

6; work; school performance; control; restlessness; fatigued; concentrating; blank; irritability; muscle tension; sleep disturbance.

client has intrusive thoughts of unrealistic obsessions and tries to control these thoughts with compulsive behaviors (for example, repetitive cleaning of a particular object or washing of hands)

OCD

postpone health teaching until after

acute anxiety subsides. clients experiencing a panic attack or severe anxiety are unable to concentrate or learn

trauma and stress related disorders

acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder

mod anxiety levels

agitation, muscle tightness ,

the client avoids being outside and has an impaired ability to work or perform duties

agoraphobia

symptoms of anxiety disorders (2)

agoraphobia and panic attacks

coordinates fear memory and emotion with hr bp and other physical responses to stressful events

amygdala

interprets threats

amygdala and hippocampus

the client has difficulty parting with possessions resulting in extreme stress and functional impairments

hoarding disorder

therapy uses cognitive reframing to help the client identify negative thoughts that produce anxiety, examine the cause, and develop supportive ideas that replace negative self talk

cognitive behavioral therapy

with anxiety ____ issues are big

culture

anxiety disorders usually occur when

early adult life ( late adolescence to middle 30's)

PTSD: exposure to a traumatic event causes intense ___ , ____, ___, ___ of detachment and ____, restricted affect, and impairment for longer than___ month after the event. Manifestations may last for ____

fear, horror, flashbacks, feelings; forebonding; 1 month ; years

the client exhibits uncontrollable excessive worry for more than 3 months

generalized anxiety disorders (GAD)

50% of people with panic disorder

have a relative who has it

mild anxiety levels

restlessness, increased motivation, irritability

manifestations of GAD

restlessness, muscle tension, avoidance of stressful activities or events, increased time and effort required to prepare for stressful activities or events, procrastination in decision making, seeks repeated reassurance

the client experiences excessive fear or anxiety when separated from an individual to which the client is emotionally attatched

separation anxiety disorder

disorders recognized and defined by dsm

separation anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, gad

client has a fear of embarrassment , is unable to perform in front of others, has a dread of social situations, believes that others are judging him negatively and has impaired relationships

social phobia

fearful or anxious about or avoidant of circumscribed objects or situations

specific phobia

the fear, anxiety , or avoidance is almost always immediately induced by the phobic situation to a degree that is persistant and out of proportion to the actual risk posed.

specific phobia

a panic attack is a discrete period in which there is the ____ onset of intense apprehension, ____, or ___ often associated with feelings of ___ ___

sudden; fearfulllness, terror, impending doom

ex of social anxiety disorder

test anxiety : fear of being evaluated

people with panic disorders spend majority of time worrying about

when the next one will happen

strong genetic link

with panic disorder