AP 62 quiz
The pituitary hormone that controls the release of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex is
ACTH.
After brain surgery, a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine. The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics which of the following hormones?
ADH
The pituitary hormone that causes the kidney to reduce water loss is
ADH.
The posterior pituitary gland secretes
ADH.
The hypophyseal portal system
All of the answers are correct.
The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is
TSH.
Define endocrine system. (Module 16.3A)
The endocrine system includes organs whose primary role is the production of hormones or paracrines.
The anterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the
adenohypophysis.
The inner portion of the adrenal gland is the
adrenal medulla
A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion content of the body is
aldosterone.
Reduction of fluid losses at the kidneys due to the retention of Na+ is the action of
aldosterone.
The zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces
androgens.
In general, the effects of natriuretic peptides are ________ to those of the renin-angiotensin system.
antagonistic
All of the following are true of steroid hormones except that they
are produced by the adrenal medulla
bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells.
are transported in the blood dissolved in the plasma.
Parathyroid hormone does all of the following except
build up bone.
A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is
calcitonin.
Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories include all of the following except
carbohydrates.
The outer layer of the adrenal gland is the
cortex
Which of the following substances acts as a second messenger?
cyclic AMP
Which of the following hormones increases production of red blood cells?
erythropoietin
The ovaries secrete ________ when stimulated by FSH.
estrogen
Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause
gigantism.
When blood glucose levels fall,
glucagon is released
Cushing's disease results from an excess of
glucocorticoids
The zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex produces
glucocorticoids.
Hormones that regulate the male and female reproductive organs are collectively called
gonadotropins.
All target cells
have hormone receptors and respond to chemical signals.
Norepinephrine and epinephrine are considered to be ________ when released into the bloodstream, but ________ when released at synapses.
hormones; neurotransmitters
A person with untreated diabetes mellitus may exhibit all of the following symptoms except
hypoglycemia.
The most complex endocrine responses that integrate the nervous and endocrine system involve the
hypothalamus.
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system would result in all of the following except
increased urine production
The beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce ________ which ________ blood sugar
insulin; lowers
Thyroid hormone contains the element
iodine.
The hormone oxytocin does all of the following except
is responsive to osmoreceptors.
The two lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by the
isthmus.
The condition known as goiter can result from too
little iodine in the diet
Increased amounts of light would inhibit the production of which hormone? (Module 16.12B)
melatonin
The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex produces
mineralocorticoids.
The posterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the
neurohypophysis.
The hormone(s) that may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery is/are
oxytocin.
The hormone that does the opposite of calcitonin is
parathyroid hormone.
Melatonin is produced by the
pineal gland
The hypothalamus controls secretion by the anterior pituitary by
secreting releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system.
Cells can respond to ________ hormone(s) at a time.
several
The ________ gland sits along the superior border of the kidney.
suprarenal
The testes produce
testosterone
Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted by the
thyroid gland.
Name the hormones of the thyroid gland. (Module 16.8B)
thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and calcitonin
The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is
PRL
The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is
FSH.
Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is false?
It releases hormones, all of which are lipids, directly into the bloodstream.
The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is
LH
________ are chemical messengers that are released in one tissue and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues.
Neurotransmitters
Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis release all of the following except
OXT.
All of the following are targets for insulin except
blood cells.
The primary function of ADH is to
decrease the amount of water lost at the kidneys
Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in
diabetes mellitus.
The functional organization of the nervous system parallels that of the ________ system in many ways.
endocrine
The hypothalamus is an important organ in both the ________ and ________ systems.
endocrine; nervous
Which of the following hormones increases and prolongs effects of the sympathetic nervous system?
epinephrine
The adrenal medulla produces the hormones
epinephrine and norepinephrine