Ap Bio EQT

What is the expected percent change in the DNA content of a typical eukaryotic cell as it progresses through the cell cycle from the start of the G1 phase to the end of the G2 phase?

+100%

Cancer can result from a variety of different mutational events. Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in the initiation of a cancerous tumor?

A defect in a cell-cycle checkpoint prevents a cell from entering the S phase.

Which of the following presents a correct interpretation of the changes in chromosome number depicted in Figure 1?

Chromosomes enter metaphase containing two chromatids attached by a centromere. During anaphase, the chromatids are separated, each becoming a chromosome. Cytokinesis distributes the chromosomes into two seperate cells.

In the S stage of interphase_______________

DNA is replicated

Which of the following best describes the role of mitosis in the cell cycle?

Distributing replicated chromosomes to daughter nuclei

The process depicted in the image is best summarized by which of the following descriptions?

During meiosis, crossing over leads to recombination of alleles between homologous chromosomes.

Stages of interphase in order

G1, S, G2

Function of G1 and G2 phases in cell cycle

Gap or Growth (duplication of cell contents, cell growth)

Which of the following is true of mitosis?

It maintains the same chromosome number in the daughter cells as in the parent cell.

All of the following are true statements about meiosis in mammals except

It produces four genetically identical gametes.

Both mitosis and meiosis begin with a parent cell that is diploid. Which of the following best describes mitosis and meiosis result in daughter cells with different chromosomes?

Mitosis produces two identical diploid daughter cells after one round of division. Meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells after two rounds of division.

A researcher examining a root tip observes a cell with condensed sister chromatids, kinetochores with attached microtubules, and individual chromosomes that are aligned at the equatorial plate of the cell. Which of the following best describes what the next process will be in the cell?

Paired chromatids will separate, and the new daughter chromosomes will move toward opposite poles of the cell

During mitosis, which of the following normally occurs?

Replicated chromosomes line up on the equatorial plate.

Which of the following occurs in both meiosis and mitosis?

Separation of sister chromatids

Most cells that have become transformed into cancer cells have which of the following characteristics when compared to normal, healthy cells?

Shorter cell cycle

Which of the following best describes how the amount of DNA in the cell changes during M phase?

The amount of DNA is halved as the cell divides into two daughter cells.

Based on the model of eukaryotic cell cycle regulation shown in the figure, which of the following best describes the effect of a drug that blocks the production of the mitotic cyclin?

The cell would be prevented from enter mitosis, and the cell would stop dividing.

Which of the following occurs during mitosis but not during meiosis 1?

The chromatids of each chromosome seperated

Cancer cells behave differently than normal body cells. For example, they ignore signals that tell them to stop dividing. Which of the following conditions will most likely cause a normal body cell to become a cancer cell?

The environment contains mutagens that induce mutations that affect cell-cycle regulator proteins.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a diploid yeast species that can reproduce either sexually or asexually. An experiment was performed to induce mitotically dividing S. cerevisiae cells in G2 to undergo meiosis. Which of the following best describes the steps these cells will follow to form gametes?

The first division will reduce the number of chromosomes by half for each daughter cell, and the second division will move single chromatids to each daughter cell

Which predistion explains how meiosis will most likely be altered in the insect's sex cells when its reproductive organs are exposed to the chemicals?

The insect will produce two haploid sex cells that are genetically different from the parent cell.

Which of the following best predicts the effect of the cell cycle arrest on proliferating yeast cells?

The yeast cells will replicate their chromosomes but will fail to complete cytokinesis

Which of the following best describes the cells that result from the process of meiosis in mammals?

They are genetically different from the parent cell

The diagram below show cells during stages of mitosis and meiosis. Which statement best explains where variation is introduced into daughter cells?

Variation is introduced at stage 1 and stage 2 of meiosis 1 because during stage one, crossing over occurs, and during stage two, chromosomes or randomly arranged in the middle of the cell and independent assortment occurs.

If chemical signals in the cytoplasm control the progression of a cell to the M phase of the cell cycle, then fusion of a cell in G1 with a cell in early M phase would most likely result in the

condensation of chromatin in preparation of nuclear division in both cells

DNA replication occurs

during S phase

A human cell in prophase of mitosis can be disintrigued from a human cell in prophase 1 of meiosis by the presence of

paired homologous chromosomes in the meiotic cell

If 2n=48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be

24

Based on Figure 1, what percent of time required to complete a full cycle do the cells typically spend in interphase?

95%

The processes illustrated in the models above all result in which of following?

An increase in genetic variation

Which of the following statements correctly described the chromosomes in each daughter cell at the end of meiosis 1?

Each daughter cell contains 12 chromosomes, each composed of two chromatids. Each chromosome is one of a pair of homologous chromosomes from the parent cell, with the other homologue found in the other daughter cell.

Which of the following best explains how these processes often produce offspring that have traits not present in the parents?

New traits often observed in offspring because homologous chromosomes are seperated during process A and then combined during process B, resulting in the expression of recessive genes in the offsping

Cell communication is critical for the function of both unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes. Which of the following is likely true of cell signaling?

Similar cell signaling pathways in diverse eukaryoted are evidence of conserved evolutionary processes.

Sometimes use observable evidence to direct their questions about phenomena. For which question would the karyotype provide the most evidence?

Since the person is missing one sex chromosomes, did nondisjunction occur during meiosis when forming gametes before fertilization?