AP Euro Chapter 24
Inquiry into the disintegrative processes within atoms became a central theme in the new physics in part due to the experimental work of
Marie and Pierre Curie on radium and radiation
The Pan-German League advocated
anti-liberal policies including the development of a global German colonial empire to unite all classes of citizens at home
Social Darwinism was
applying the ideas of Darwin to society
In his encyclical De Rerum Novarum(1891), Pope Leo VIII
asserted that much in socialism was Christian in principle
Friedrich Nietzsche
believed that Christianity had deeply undermined the creative power of Western Civilization
According to Sigmund Freud, behavior was
determined by one's unconscious and by inner drives of which people were generally unaware.
The Bismarckian System had the ultimate result of
dividing Europe into two opposing groups of nations making war more likely
The decline of the Ottoman Empire
led to Austrian-Serbian rivalry
The higher criticism of the Bible championed by the French Catholic scholar Ernst Renan
questioned the historical accuracy of the Bible and denied the divinity of Jesus
The quantum theory of energy developed by Max Planck raised fundamental questions about the
subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world
The first professional occupation to be opened up to women was
teaching
Which of the following was not a pioneer in the field of nursing?
Emmeline Pankhurst
Which of the following philosophers advocated violence, if necessary, as a means of achieving socialism?
Georges Sorel
Who was responsible for the theory of relativity?
Einstein
The best example of naturalistic literature can be found in the novels of
Emile Zola
The urbanization of Europe brought religion under attack from all of the following except
Pius IX Syllabus of Errors
The Boer War was fought by the British in
South Africa
Which of the following art movements was not prominent in the three decadeds prior to World War I?
Surrealism
Explaining his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters, Emile Zola said
"I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."
By 1890 the richest 9 percent of Americans owned ___ of the wealth.
71 percent
The "open door" policy was to allow more freedom of trade in so-called spheres of influence in
China
During the Progressive era in the United States, all of the following reforms were adopted except
Civil Rights Acts
The event which exemplified renewed anti-Semetism in France in the late nineteenth century was the
Dreyfus affair
In general, by the late nineteenth century, the worst treatment of the Jews occurred in
Eastern Europe
The Triple Alliance before 1914 included which of the following countries?
Germany, Austria, Italy
The Triple Entente before 1914 included which of the following countries?
Great Britain, France, Russia
In order to implement the Liberal Party's social reform program, David Lloyd George radically curtailed the power of the
House of the Lords
Pissarro's statement that "It is the brush stroke with the right value and color which should produce the drawing...Don't proceed with rules and principles, but paint what you observe and feel" refers to which school of painting?
Impressionism
The experimental work of early twentieth-century physicists challenged and ultimately invalidated
Newton's rational, mechanical conception of the universe
Who said, "All this colonial business is a sham, but we need it for the elections."
Otto von Bismark
The primary antagonists in the Balkans region were
Serbs and Austrians
Just prior to World War I, the European intellectual community was marked by
a sense of confusion and anxiety
Theodor Herzl, leader of the Zionist movement,
advocated the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine
At it's premier, Igor Stravinsky's Rite of Spring, now considered as a classic example of modernism in music and ballet,
caused a riot by the audience because of it's sharp dissonance and blatant sensuality
The Meiji Restoration in Japan
created a political system democratic in form but rigidly authoritarian in practice; also send many Japanese abroad to be educated in the ways of the west and adopted many western reforms in political and military organization (b and d)
Britain's Fabian Socialists
favored evolution toward a socialist state by democratic means
Using Darwin's terminology, Herbert Spencer argued that
human societies were organisms evolving through time by struggling with their environments
The greatests difference between naturalism and realism in literature was
in general, naturalism was more pessimistic than realism
Among the notable achievements of the British Liberals under Lloyd George was
passage of the National Insurance Act of 1911 providing sickness and unemployment benefits to workers
British rule brought all of the following to India in the late nineteenth century except
political democracy
Maria Montessori exemplifies the "new woman" of modern times in that
she obtained a professional degree and applied her expertise to new fields of inquiry like early childhood development
Russia's disastrous defeat in the Russo-Japanese war indirectly led to the
the Revolution of 1905
The response of religous institutions to the challenges of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries included all of the following except
the Women's Social and Political Union
Modernism in music included all of the following elements except
the exclusive use of extremely regular rhythms
The basis of the Bismarkian System was
the isolation of France through a series of military alliances
Growing tensions in modern German society were exemplified by
the proliferation of ultra-nationalist right-wing political groups with anti-Semetic, racist, and imperialist beliefs
According to Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the Aryans were
the real creators of western culture
Which of the following was not an argument to justify imperialism at the turn of the century?
to lessen the burden of excess European population, especially criminals and other "undesirables"
To advance the cause of women's suffrage, the Women's Social and Political Union founded by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters
took a radical, public and well publicized approach to the movement, employing different media and provocative public actions, like pelting male politicians with eggs
During the nineteenth century, Jews
were emancipated in most countries, but still faced restrictions