AP Euro Chapter 24

Inquiry into the disintegrative processes within atoms became a central theme in the new physics in part due to the experimental work of

Marie and Pierre Curie on radium and radiation

The Pan-German League advocated

anti-liberal policies including the development of a global German colonial empire to unite all classes of citizens at home

Social Darwinism was

applying the ideas of Darwin to society

In his encyclical De Rerum Novarum(1891), Pope Leo VIII

asserted that much in socialism was Christian in principle

Friedrich Nietzsche

believed that Christianity had deeply undermined the creative power of Western Civilization

According to Sigmund Freud, behavior was

determined by one's unconscious and by inner drives of which people were generally unaware.

The Bismarckian System had the ultimate result of

dividing Europe into two opposing groups of nations making war more likely

The decline of the Ottoman Empire

led to Austrian-Serbian rivalry

The higher criticism of the Bible championed by the French Catholic scholar Ernst Renan

questioned the historical accuracy of the Bible and denied the divinity of Jesus

The quantum theory of energy developed by Max Planck raised fundamental questions about the

subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world

The first professional occupation to be opened up to women was

teaching

Which of the following was not a pioneer in the field of nursing?

Emmeline Pankhurst

Which of the following philosophers advocated violence, if necessary, as a means of achieving socialism?

Georges Sorel

Who was responsible for the theory of relativity?

Einstein

The best example of naturalistic literature can be found in the novels of

Emile Zola

The urbanization of Europe brought religion under attack from all of the following except

Pius IX Syllabus of Errors

The Boer War was fought by the British in

South Africa

Which of the following art movements was not prominent in the three decadeds prior to World War I?

Surrealism

Explaining his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters, Emile Zola said

"I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."

By 1890 the richest 9 percent of Americans owned ___ of the wealth.

71 percent

The "open door" policy was to allow more freedom of trade in so-called spheres of influence in

China

During the Progressive era in the United States, all of the following reforms were adopted except

Civil Rights Acts

The event which exemplified renewed anti-Semetism in France in the late nineteenth century was the

Dreyfus affair

In general, by the late nineteenth century, the worst treatment of the Jews occurred in

Eastern Europe

The Triple Alliance before 1914 included which of the following countries?

Germany, Austria, Italy

The Triple Entente before 1914 included which of the following countries?

Great Britain, France, Russia

In order to implement the Liberal Party's social reform program, David Lloyd George radically curtailed the power of the

House of the Lords

Pissarro's statement that "It is the brush stroke with the right value and color which should produce the drawing...Don't proceed with rules and principles, but paint what you observe and feel" refers to which school of painting?

Impressionism

The experimental work of early twentieth-century physicists challenged and ultimately invalidated

Newton's rational, mechanical conception of the universe

Who said, "All this colonial business is a sham, but we need it for the elections."

Otto von Bismark

The primary antagonists in the Balkans region were

Serbs and Austrians

Just prior to World War I, the European intellectual community was marked by

a sense of confusion and anxiety

Theodor Herzl, leader of the Zionist movement,

advocated the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine

At it's premier, Igor Stravinsky's Rite of Spring, now considered as a classic example of modernism in music and ballet,

caused a riot by the audience because of it's sharp dissonance and blatant sensuality

The Meiji Restoration in Japan

created a political system democratic in form but rigidly authoritarian in practice; also send many Japanese abroad to be educated in the ways of the west and adopted many western reforms in political and military organization (b and d)

Britain's Fabian Socialists

favored evolution toward a socialist state by democratic means

Using Darwin's terminology, Herbert Spencer argued that

human societies were organisms evolving through time by struggling with their environments

The greatests difference between naturalism and realism in literature was

in general, naturalism was more pessimistic than realism

Among the notable achievements of the British Liberals under Lloyd George was

passage of the National Insurance Act of 1911 providing sickness and unemployment benefits to workers

British rule brought all of the following to India in the late nineteenth century except

political democracy

Maria Montessori exemplifies the "new woman" of modern times in that

she obtained a professional degree and applied her expertise to new fields of inquiry like early childhood development

Russia's disastrous defeat in the Russo-Japanese war indirectly led to the

the Revolution of 1905

The response of religous institutions to the challenges of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries included all of the following except

the Women's Social and Political Union

Modernism in music included all of the following elements except

the exclusive use of extremely regular rhythms

The basis of the Bismarkian System was

the isolation of France through a series of military alliances

Growing tensions in modern German society were exemplified by

the proliferation of ultra-nationalist right-wing political groups with anti-Semetic, racist, and imperialist beliefs

According to Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the Aryans were

the real creators of western culture

Which of the following was not an argument to justify imperialism at the turn of the century?

to lessen the burden of excess European population, especially criminals and other "undesirables"

To advance the cause of women's suffrage, the Women's Social and Political Union founded by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters

took a radical, public and well publicized approach to the movement, employing different media and provocative public actions, like pelting male politicians with eggs

During the nineteenth century, Jews

were emancipated in most countries, but still faced restrictions