Ap euro history midterm study guide
Who was the wealthy Florentine responsible for the vast patronage of Renaissance artists?
Cosimo de Medici
What was the major motivation for European exploration?
Economic, the desire for precious metals and new areas for trade
What was the star chamber?
Established by Henry the seventh, enforce torture to be used for nobles to confess for something
Who were Huguenots?
French calvinists
What were the central components of Italian Renaissance?
Glorification of individual genius ( individualism and humanism)
Who were the Spanish conversos?
Jews who converted to Catholicism or were forced to convert, who were hated by the Spanish and many continue to practice Judaism secretly
Who was the most prominent metalsmith who helped develop metal movable print?
Johann Gutenberg
What were the consequences of the climate change experienced in Europe?
Poor harvest, reduced to crop yields (lower productivity and output), higher grain prices, government responses were ineffectual, suseptibility to disease
France supported the Protestant Princes of Germany in order to prevent what?
Prevent Charles the fifth from increasing his power
Italian humanists stressed the study of what? And for what purpose?
Study of classics, to learn about human nature
What educational book of Baldassare Castiglione provided a treatise on training a young man in the discipline and fashion needed for the courtly ideal of being a gentleman?
The courtier
The Spanish Inquisition was an attempt to do what?
To target Jewish converts to Christianity who were believed to continue Jewish religious practice
What was the basis of financial support for the evolution of the Renaissance artists?
The patronage of wealthy individuals and rulers
The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended the conflict known as the...
Habsburg-Valios wars
The concordat of the Bologna , Between Francis the first of France and Pope Leo the 10th, gave the French monarch the authority to do what?
Select bishops in abbots
In addition to reform in the church, what was the other goal of the Council of Trent?
To Secure reconciliation with the Protestants
The overriding goal of the Catholic religious orders established in the 16th century was to do what?
To uplift the moral condition of the clergy and laity
The Baroque style flourished in the context of what?
Catholic Reformation
How did the nature of the Armed Forces change in the latter half of the 17th century?
Army officers became obedient to monarchs instead of serving their own interests
In general, what did the clergy do during the plague?
Cared for the sick and buried the dead
Political power in the Dutch Republic was controlled by what?
Controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy merchants
What did the Treaty of Tordesillas accomplish?
Divided New World between Spain and Portugal (divided Atlantic ocean with an imaginary line giving Spain everything west of the line and everything east was Portugal's)
How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European history?
Large scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end; ended 30 years' war
The period of climate change in Europe between 1300 and 1450 is known as?
Little ice age
Know about the marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile.
Married in 1749, United Aragon and Castile into one Spanish nation, captured Granada, took power away from the church courts and Spanish nobility, forced United Spain along Catholic Identity (Inquisition)
Louis the 14th selected counselors from where in society?
Newly Ennobled or upper middle class
In terms of gender relations, how did Renaissance humanist see women sphere of activity?
Private And domestic
According to Machiavelli, government should be judged on whether it______.
Provides order in security and safety to the populace
How did the choice to embrace or reject the reform movements occur in a territory or region in the Holy Roman Empire?
The political leaders of the territory determined whether it introduced reforms.
In the 17th century, why did rulers hesitate to crush rebellions?
armies were expensive to deploy and rulers feared creating martyrs
