AP European History

What disease outbreak prompted this report by Chadwick?

Cholera

What nineteenth ideology is reflected in this selection by John Stuart Mill?

Liberalism

Where did this International Exhibition take place in 1851?

London

According to this map, what specific challenge did Austria face in 1848-1849?

ethnic nationalities that might threaten Austrian unity

In addition to the building projects included in John Walford's description, what additional construction projects were introduced by Haussmann?

urban parks

Along with being an industrialist, the founder of this community was also a(n)

utopian socialist

How was unification ultimately achieved in Italy?

Mazzini's ideals were replaced by a Peidmont-led monarchy that embraced the ideas of liberalism.

What two ideologies motivated Garibaldi?

Nationalism and republicanism

Who were the Greeks attempting to gain independence from in this image?

The Ottomans

All of the following are characteristics of the community referenced in this image except

the organization of all community members into phalanxes based in skills

What was the political result of the 1830 Revolution and the installment of the July Monarchy?

A constitutional government based on the principles of classical liberalism

What government developed in Italy once Garibaldi's uprising was complete?

A monarchy led by the Piedmont king Victor Emmanuel

What was responsible for the catastrophe outlined in the two letters to Sir Robert Peel?

A plant fungus called the "blight"

Which of the following groups shown on this map did not resist Austrian control during the events of 1848-1849?

Austrian Netherlands

Which of the following contributed to the rise of the new labor system in England that Andrew Ure referenced?

Available supply of materials like coal and iron ore

Why is there no revolution in the United Kingdom on the map above?

Britain elected to implement reforms rather than risk revolution by the people.

Which of the following is an example of a European government's application of Mill's ideas about governance?

Britain's Great Reform Act of 1832

The Carlsbad Decrees limited the activities of all of the following groups EXCEPT

Catholic priests and Protestant ministers

What thinker and geologist did Charles Darwin say he was heavily influenced by as he formulated his ideas?

Charles Lyell

What ideology was Mikhail Bakunin influenced by when he developed the anarchist plan in the above document?

Conservatism

What political ideology triumphed at the conclusion of the Decembrist uprising?

Conservatism

Which nineteenth century ideology triumphed with the issuance of the Carlsbad Decrees in 1819?

Conservatism

What argument did Darwin make in The Descent of Man that was drawn from On the Origin of Species?

Darwin applied the ideas of evolution and natural selection to human beings, not just to other species.

This passage from Marx and Engels demonstrates a significant difference between their ideology and other thinkers because...?

Demanded the complete elimination of private property...

Which of the following is another complaint that workers had about factories beyond those discussed in the Luddite pamphlet excerpt above?

Factory overseers resorted to harsh disciplinary tactics, including physical punishment.

Who was most likely to provide the capital needed for this system of labor and production?

Factory owner

Who was principally responsible for the construction and promotion of this construction project?

Ferdinand Lesseps

How did skill requirements for women in this image differ from those in earlier home production?

Fewer skills were necessary for these jobs than were required for earlier jobs

Where did the revolution that inspired this painting by Delacroix occur?

France

Which European nation's overthrow of the July Monarchy was the impetus for the revolutions depicted in this map?

France

Why would France be seeking revenge against Bismarck and Germany?

France lost the Franco-Prussian war and had paid a large war indemnity as a result

Which 19th century writer disagreed with Andrew Ire's description of labor?

Friedrich Engles

What inventor is credited with inventing "The Rocket," which is pictured above?

George Stephenson

What additional innovation was a part of the movement discussed in this passage?

Gottlieb Daimler's internal combustion engine

Which two uprisings were fueled by nationalism and resulted in independence from another European power?

Greece and Belgium

What did Alexander III do in response to the actions of The People's Will?

He adopted a policy of autocratic repression that overturned most of his father's reforms.

In what way did Herbert Spencer take the ideas articulated by Darwin and apply them to social relationships and ethics?

He argued that competition among people was good because it allowed the strongest to rise to the top of society.

What motivated Alexander II to issue the proclamation outlined in this document?

He believed that serfdom had prevented Russia from becoming a world power.

What was Bakunin's belief about the role of government in society?

He believed that structured governments were oppressive and not necessary in a modern society.

What did Marx and Engels view as the fundamental cause of the conflict discussed in this selection?

Historical tension concerning the control of the means of production

What economic benefit did this industrial innovation have?

It allowed for the cheaper and more efficient transportation of raw materials and finished goods

How did this innovation further contribute to the Industrial Revolution in the second half of the nineteenth century?

It created additional demand for industrial goods like iron, steel, and glass.

How did solutions to the medical problems discussed in this passage also contribute to imperialism?

It gave the Europeans protection against the tropical diseases they encountered during expansion.

what specific benefit did the European receive from the construction of the project shown in the painting above?

It opened passage for European ships to travel directly between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean

What is the significance in English political history of the People's Petition?

It reflected the ideas of the first large-scale working class political movement in Europe.

How was the proclamation's description of the nobles' role in emancipation different than their actual role?

It says that nobles voluntarily supported ending serfdom, but they actually opposed abolishing serfdom.

Which economic theorist would have vehemently disagreed with Pope Leo XIII's analysis in this selection from the Rerum Novarum?

Karl Marx

Which of the following nineteenth century disease outbreaks illustrates the problems identified in this passage?

London's cholera outbreak

Which of the following scientists sought solutions for the problems identified by the authors in this passage?

Louis Pasteur and Joseph Lister

What leader of France abdicated the throne as a result of this uprising in France?

Louis XVIII

Which of the following is a specific result of the crisis identified by R.N. Salama and Cecil Woodham-Smith?

Many of the Irish poor emigrated to Britain and the United States

What British writer advocated for women's rights at the end of the eighteenth century and laid the groundwork for early twentieth century feminists like Emmeline Pankhurst?

Mary Wollstonecraft

How were the tactics of Millicent Fawcett and the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies different than those of Emmeline Pankhurst as shown in the document above?

Millicent Fawcett believed the goals of the movement would only be accomplished if the protestors acted respectable and responsibly.

All of the following were causes in 1848 of the European event shown on this map except

Napoleon's aggressive foreign policy that led to the conquest of most of the continent.

What was the political impact of the ideology advocated by Pope Leo XIII in Rerum Novarum?

New democratic Catholic political parties emerged throughout Europe.

What was the British government's response to the tactics and demands of Emmeline Pankhurst and her followers?

Parliament continued to refuse to extend the franchise to women and instead arrested and imprisoned many of the demonstrators

What does Delacroix's painting suggest about the participation in the 1830 revolution by different social classes?

People from a variety of social classes joined in the 1830 revolution

Why did Mazzini believe that the steps to unification had failed to reveal the "soul of Italy"?

Romantic republican nationalism did not become the guiding force for unification

This painting best illustrates which of the following nineteenth century artistic movements?

Romanticism

What art movement is Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People generally associated with?

Romanticism

Which of the uprisings on the map above was suppressed by its own domestic conservative government?

Russia

What specific type of reform did Chadwick's...?

Sanitation

Which state gained their independence in 1830, but is not included on the map above?

Serbia

Marx and Engel's assertion that "the free development of each is the condition..."?

Socialism

What type of factory work did the women in the image above do?

Textile production

Which group of people in England was responsible for the issuance of "The People's Petition"?

The Chartists

What earlier historical process created the conditions for the mid-nineteenth century crisis discussed in this document?

The Columbian Exchange

What specific reforms were introduced in England in response to Chadwick's...?

The building of new water and sewer systems

All of the following events helped inspire this action in 1860 EXCEPT...

The creation of an independent, united German state at the Frankfurt Assembly

What was the major reason Napoleon III felt compelled to implement the changes reflected in this passage and artwork?

The design of the city had allowed numerous civil uprisings to develop and he wanted to prevent future uprisings.

In addition to the demand mentioned above, The People's Petition also called for...?

The elimination of property qualifications to vote

Which of the following best represents the British government's reaction to the crisis discussed by R.N. Salama and Cecil Woodham-Smith in this document?

The federal government repealed the Corn Laws

The specific disagreement within the movement that limited the effectiveness was...?

The movement should use violent or non-violent tactics.

What action did the British government ultimately take in dealing with the crisis detailed in the preceding letters?

The national government repealed the Corn Laws and created a public works program designed to generate jobs.

What was the general complaint of those who participated in the movement originally sparked by Edward Ludd?

The new technologies of the Industrial Revolution threatened traditional textile workers

What nineteenth century tension does Turner highlight in this image?

The new technology of the IR and its interaction with the natural world

What idea associated with the Romantic movement of the nineteenth century did Caspar Friedrich demonstrate in The Polar Sea?

The power of nature is much greater than the influence of mankind

What specific economic and social conditions were Marx and Engels referring to in this selection?

The social and economic order that emerged with the IR

What was the objective of the "brave and generous companions"...?

The unification of the Italian states into one nation

What benefit did the wide boulevards shown in Caillebotte's painting provide for Napoleon III?

They allowed for the effective deployment of troops into the city, should they be needed

The People's Will took which of the following actions as they sought to accomplish the goals listed above?

They assassinated Tsar Alexander II in the hopes of ending the autocracy

How were artisans negatively affected by the factory system process Ure described?

They lost control of their means of production

What types of action did the Luddites use in order to bring attention to their concerns?

They resorted to breaking machines, which they saw as threats to their traditional way of life.

Why did the Carlsbad Decrees implement these particular restrictions and limitations?

University groups were viewed as promoters of liberalism and nationalism

Artists like Joseph William Turner often focused intensely on nature in their paintings because they...

Were emotionally drawn to the powerful forces displayed in nature

All of the following were reasons western European nations offered support to the Greeks in their independence movement except

Western Europeans argued that an independent Greece would give them more stable trade relations in the region

In what ways were the goals and accomplishments of women and workers similar in the wake of this 1848 uprising?

While both groups were active participants in the uprising, they each failed to accomplish their major goals.

Which idea found in Rerum Novarum would nineteenth century socialists have agreed with?

Workers should be permitted to join labor unions in order to ensure fair treatment by employers

Which group of women typically composed the work force depicted in the image above?

Young, single women and widows

Which of the following best describes Robert Owen's organization of this community?

an industrial town that organized workers around a principle of "enlightened management"

In addition to his ideas in this passage, what other cause did John Stuart Mill support in the nineteenth century?

enfranchisement of women

In addition to seeking greater political opportunities for the middle class, what else was a cause of the uprising depicted in the image above?

higher food prices that followed several years of poor harvests

In general, this proclamation by Alexander II was a disappointment because

it failed to place land in the hands of the former serfs.

What specific group in Russian society led the uprising depicted in Karl Konrad's Painting?

military officers who wanted to see the ideas of the Enlightenment implemented in Russia

Which two ideologies did Bismarck most embrace during German unification?

nationalism and conservatism

What major idea concerning evolution did Darwin articulate in both this selection and On the Origin of Species?

natural selection

What European military conflict highlighted the negative impact that serfdom had on Russia's development?

the Crimean War

What event led to the Vienna settlement referenced by Jonathan Perry?

the defeat of Napoleon and the pursuit of conservatism by those who defeated him

What was the goal that Emmeline Pankhurst and her followers hoped to achieve through the tactics outlined in the document selection above?

the extension of the franchise to the women of Great Britain

"Ode to Intimations of Immortality" reflects Romanticism's tendency to believe that?

the individual's experience is of utmost importance

What was the goal of the people who issued this revolutionary manifesto?

the introduction of a government based on popular representation

What common element of Romanticism do these two artistic pieces reflect?

the power and attraction of nature

What was the immediate cause of this uprising in Russia in 1825?

the rejection of Nicholas' leadership and calls for a constitution

Which historical process had the greatest influence on the architectural and technological innovations discussed in this passage?

the transition into the Second Industrial Revolution

The Crystal Palace depicted in this painting was built for which of the following purposes?

to celebrate England's advancements in commercial interests and industry

Jonathan Perry suggests that Bismarck's political loyalties were most closely associated with the?

traditional noble landlords