AP Gov CH 1 & 2

A alleged weakness of the majoritarian democratic model is its

Reliance on the American public to be knowledgeable and participartory.

To create social and economic equality, governments must

restrict individual freedom

People often seem inconsistent in their political beliefs because

they may favor government action to promote one value but not another

The idea that all adults within the boundaries of a political community should be allowed to vote is known as

universal participation

in a totalitarian regime there is a general desire for the government to control

business, labor, education, religion

pluralist democracy in the united states tends to favor

the well-organized

Why do most democracies give power to representatives rather than directly to citizens?

Bringing large numbers of citizens together for discussions and votes is difficult. Decisions may require specialized knowledge not possessed by the average citizen. Discussion of political issues takes more time than most people are willing to spend.

Liberals are more likely to favor generous government support for

Education, wildlife protection, public transportation, and a whole range of social programs

according to john locke the fundamental purpose of government is the protection of

Life, Liberty, and Property

a popular election is the primary mechanism for democratic government in which model?

Majoritarian model

According to the elite theory, the United States is actually a(n)

Oligarchy

the ancient greeks classified governments as autocracies oligarchies or democracies based on

The number of citizens involved in governing

many observes of american politics contend that the majoritarian model is NOT a good description of our system because

a majority of american citizens are ignorant of or uninterested in politics

everyone in the united states is entitled to protection from unreasonable searches and seizures. this is an example of

a right

According to the pluralist theory, group struggle is democratic if

all groups are allowed to participate.

countries that fail to adequately develop democratic procedures and norms fall into

authoritarianism

for the united states the core substantive principles of democracy are embedded in

bill of rights and other amendments to the constitution

A politician who appeals to and often deceives the masses by manipulating their emotions and prejudices is a(n)

demagogue

Compared to citizens in other nations, Americans

do not value order very much

Capitalism is best described as a(n)

economic system in which production and property are privately owned, with a minimum of government interference

examples of public goods are

education, sanitation, and highways

america's massive interstate highway system was initiated during the_____ administration

eisenhower

The idea that the most important government decisions are made by an identifiable and stable minority that shares certain characteristics is called

elite theory

When a college seeks to increase minority enrollment through affirmative action, the college is trying to achieve

equality of opportunity

If all citizens in society are given access to higher education but a particular social classes experiences higher dropout and failure rates, what has that society failed to provide?

equality of outcome

the text observed that the process of democratization is made quite difficult by

ethnic and religious conflicts

the pluralist model assumes

existence of interest groups, a decentralized structure of gov, ready access to public officials, openness to arguments for or against government policies

international organizations such as the league of nations and the united nations

explicitly respect national sovereignty as a guiding principle

franklin roosevelt's four freedoms included all of the following except

freedom from inequality

The concepts associated with the values commonly pursued by government include

freedom, order, equality

thomas hobbes supported a strong central government because

he believed that only a strong government could restrain people's selfish, animal instincts

A citizen's group gathers enough signatures on a petition to force a popular vote on a statewide lottery proposal. This proposal would represent a(n)

initiative

When the authors say that we live in an era of "globalization," they mean that citizens and nations are increasingly

interdependent

although they are instruments of majoritarian democracy, initiatives are often sponsored by

interest groups

one of the weaknesses of the procedural model of democracy is that

it permits policies that violate standards of substantive democracy

in order to understand political ideology, we must look at both the scope of governmental action and

its purpose

The broad, basic definition of government given by the text is

legitimate use of force within specified geographic boundaries to control human behavior

compared with equality of outcome, equality of opportunity requires a comparatively ____ level of government activity

low

The oldest objective of government is

maintaining order

The best contemporary example of an oligarchy would be a(n)

military dictatorship

all of the follwing are principles of procedural democracy except

minority rights

The concept of pluralism rests on the premise that

modern society consists of many groups that share economic, religious, ethnic, and cultural interests

globalization can be seen as a threat to

national sovereignty

those who claim that the pluralist model fits the united states better than the elite theory point out that

no identifiable elite wins consistently over a broad range of issues

the division of authority in the US constitution among competing branches and levels of government has encouraged the development of

pluralism

authors suggest that the united states fulfills the ____ model quite well

pluralist

Whereas majority rule is defined as decision making by 50 percent plus one person, _________ is defined as decision making by most participants.

plurality rule

governments authority to maintain order is known as its ____ power

police power

Each citizen having one vote demonstrates

political equality

democratization is the

process of institutionalizing the rules of procedural democracy and establishing substantive democratic policies.

of the following major objectives of government the most recent one is

promoting equality

Public goods can best be described as benefits and services

provided by government to benefit all citizens.

which theorist argues that a fundamental component of pluralist democracies is multiple centers of power without a sovereign

robert dahl

agreement among substantive theorists breaks down when the discussion moves from civil rights to

social rights and economic rights

A good contemporary example of a socialist government is found in:

sweden

A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would

take a hands-off attitude toward the economy

Anarchists have gained some visibility in recent years as a result of protests related to

the world trade organization

An underlying assumption of the text is that perfect freedom and order can never be achieved because

these three values are inherently in conflict and cannot be provided simultaneously

in athens, _____ were excluded from participation in assemblies

women, slaves, those who were new to the area

which president(s) promotes democracy abroad as a major foreign policy objective of his/their administration

woodrow wilson and george bush