AP GOV civil liberties and rights test

Which of the following constitutional issues is represented in the graphic

Free Speech

Which statement accurately describes the Supreme Court's contemporary interpretation of the death penalty?

The Court has interpreted the execution of minors and the mentally handicapped as unconstitutional

What must a suing party prove to win a libel lawsuit?

The offending party acted maliciously

Which of the following statements from the Brown opinion ties more directly to the table?

"To separate [African American children] from others of similar age and qualifications solely because of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status in the community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely to be undone."

Based on previous court rulings, which of the following scenarios would most likely violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

A public school system uses race-based segregation

What was the effect of the opinion in Schenck v. United States?

As long as speech does not present a clear and present danger, it is allowed.

17. Under what circumstance can police conduct searches?

As long as they have probable cause of criminal activity

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of brown v. Board of Education and roe v. Wade?

Brown v. Board Concluded that "separate but equal" schools are impossible, Roe v. Wade assured a womans right to have an abortion in thr first trimester

Which of the following statements best describes how the balances of liberties and safety has been interpreted over time?

Different courts in different times have found different balances

Which of the following principles is meant to discourage government from conducting unlawful searches and to protect citizens when unlawful searches occur?

Exclusionary rule

The Miranda rule stems from rights protected by which of the following amendments?

Fifth and Sixth Amendments

Which of the constitutional provisions is at issue in Schenck v. United States?

First Amendment free speech and free press rights

--Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963) by Martin Luther King Jr. Which of the following constitutional amendments address King's concern that there should be racial justice?

Fourteenth Amendment

"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." - Title IX of the 1972 Civil Rights Act Which of the following was a consequence of this legislation?

Girls must be given equal opportunity as boys to participate in activities that boys participate in

--Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963) by Martin Luther King Jr Which of the following parts of the letter best summarizes King's position?

If peaceful, nonviolent demonstrations do not work, violent actions will be an option.

Those who disagree with the views in the majority opinion in Schenck v. United States would likely celebrate the shaping of the Constitution in which free-speech ruling?

New York Times Co v. United States

--Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963) by Martin Luther King Jr. Which of the following statements would King most likely agree with if he were alive today?

Nonviolent demonstrations should still be used to bring to light racial injustice

Which of the following comparisons of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965 Voting Rights Act are accurate?

One outlawed discrimination in hiring and the other increased African American voter registration and participation

Which statement is accurate regarding the law and government surveillance of persons in the United States?

Policies have changed over time as people debate the balance between security needs and individual liberties

Which of the following expresses a reasonable interpretation of a trend in the table?

Preschool programs would help African American students integrate well with whites.

Which of the following consequences may occur based on the data in the graph?

Restrictions on offensive school speech will likely be eased

It is now clear that the challenged laws burden the liberty of same-sex couples, and it must be furthe acknowledged that they abridge central precepts of equality. Here the marriage laws enforced by the respondents are in essence unequal: same-sex couples are denied all benefits afforded to opposite-sex couples and are barred from exercising a fundamental right. Especially against a long history of disapproval of their relationships, this denial to same-sex couples of the right to marry works a grave and continuing harm. The imposition of this disability on gays and lesbians serves to disrespect and subordinate them -Justice Anthony Kennedy, Majority Opinion in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) Which statement best summarizes Justice Kennedy's opinion?

Same-sex couples are unfairly harmed by states' denial of their legal marriage.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of substantive and procedural due process?

Substantive due peocess is Followed when the ideas or points of the law are fundamentally fair and just, while procedural due process focuses on the manner in which the governement acts toward its citizens

What is the key difference between the due process clause in the Fifth Amendment and the due process clause in the Fourteenth Amendment?

The Fifth Amendment protects citizens against the federal government, while the Fourteenth Amendment protects citizens against the states

Which statement best describes the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment?

The Fourteenth Amendment's due process clauses makes most rights contained in the Bill of Rights applicable to the states.

Which of the following is the most complete summary of the selective incorporation doctrine?

The S upreme Court has required states to apply certain rights in the Bill of Rights through the Fourteenth Amendments due process clause

Which of the following best describes the message in the political cartoon?

The Supreme Court has limited the way colleges can recruit minorities

Which of the following is most likely responsible for the increase in the number of southern African American state legislators between 1960 and 1992 as shown in the graph?

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

It is now clear that the challenged laws burden the liberty of same-sex couples, and it must be further acknowledged that they abridge central precepts of equality. Here the marriage laws enforced by the respondents are in essence unequal: same-sex couples are denied all benefits afforded to opposite-sex couples and are barred from exercising a fundamental right. Especially against a long history of disapproval of their relationships, this denial to same-sex couples of the right to marry works a grave and continuing harm. The imposition of this disability on gays and lesbians serves to disrespect and subordinate them -Justice Anthony Kennedy, Majority Opinion in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) Which of the following constitutional provisions would the author cite to support the opinion?

The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

The Bill of Rights guarantees which of the following rights to a person arrested and charged with a crime?

The right to legal representation

With which of the following statements would the cartoonist most likely agree?

There is a constant struggle to define the separation of church and state.

Which of the following statements presents the most important limitation of the data in the graph?

There is no information about the total number of state legislators

With the variety of religious denominations and religions represented at Chester A. Arthur High School, the administration has decided to bar students from wearing any religious symbols or garb that reflects a particular faith. Which of the following would be the best legal advice for school administrators?

This is unsound policy because of the decision in Wisconsin v . Yoder.

Which of the following best explains why the figur e holding the scales of justice is blindfolded?

To show that justice is turning a blind eye to racial discrimination.

Which of the following statements reflects a trend represented in the table?

When asked which doll they wanted to play with, a higher percentage of 7-year-olds chose the white doll than did the 3-year-olds

The term, civil liberties, refers to liberties that

are constitutionally protected from infringement by government.

The focus of civil liberties is the the... and and the focus of civil rights is the...

individual; group

De jure and de facto discrimination are two ways in which some Americans are less equal than others. Which of the following is an example of public policies designed to address each of these forms of discrimination

the Brown decision (de jure) and affirmative action (de facto)

Which of the following statements would supporters of Kennedy's position above be most likely to agree?

Gays and lesbians are equal to other people under the law

In what ways do the decisions in Engel v. Vitale and Wisconsin v. Yoder differ?

One suggests a public policy creates an establishment of religion, while the other suggests a public policy denies the free exercise of religion