Ap Gov Final

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which of the following are differences between the legislative process in the HOR and that in the Senate

- debate in the HOR is more restricted than that of the state - The amendment process is more restricted in the house than in the Senate - The rules committee sets the guidelines for floor debate in the house but not in the Senate

which of the following scenarios is an example of the trustee model of representation?

A member of Congress votes to close a popular tax loophole based on the belief that the money would be better spent paying down the national debt

which of the following scenarios would most likely be considered a violation of the fourth amendment?

A suspect's cell phone is analyzed by police before a warrant is issued

based on previous court rulings the supreme court is most likely to view a case concerning which of the following as a right to privacy case?

A woman who is prevented from an abortion

in which case to the Supreme Court rule that "the doctrine of separate but equal" has no place in the constitution?

Brown v Board of Education

which of the following is the most likely consequence of divided government

Delays in confirmation of federal court nominees

the HOR and senate have different constitutional responsibilities

HOR initiates revenue bills, senate ratifies treaties

which of the following is an accurate description of the two chambers of congress?

HOR serves two year terms, senate serves six year terms

which of the following is an example of congressional oversight?

Holding hearings for review of an executive agency's activities

to which of the following congressional committees would a proposal to reform the national income tax system initially be sent?

House Ways and Means Committee

The Constitution states that all revenue bills must originate in

House of Representatives

The concept of judicial review was solidified by which Supreme Court decision?

Marbury V Madison

The facts of which of the following cases are most related to the political cartoon?

New York Times co. v United States

the tenth amendment to the constitution has been interpreted by the supreme court to

Reserve powers to the states

supporters of Hamilton's view that a Bill of Rights could be dangerous to liberty could point to which of the following cases?

Schneck v the United States

of the following, which is the most powerful figure in congress?

Speaker of the House

which of the Following attributes of the political cartoon would best represent the governments use of prior restraint

The fallen pillars

Women achieve suffrage as a result of

The passage of the 19th amendment

members of congress Who have adopted the delegate role of representation normally cast their votes based on which of the following

The preferences of the majority of their constituents

which of the following represents a reason that a president might use a signing statement to express displeasure with the bill as opposed to issuing a veto

The president may have objections to provisions of the bill but does not want to risk congress overriding a veto

which of the following is contained in the 14th amendment and was most likely an inspiration for MLK's "letter from the Birmingham jail"?

The principle that all people should be equal under the law, as embodied in the equal protection clause

Gideon v Wainwright Incorporated which constitutional provision at the state level?

The sixth amendments right to counsel

which of the following is most likely responsible for the increase in the number of southern African American state legislators between 1960 and 1992 as shown in the graph?

The voting rights act

which of the following cases decided whether a state could compel children to attend school beyond eighth grade even if it violated the students sincerely held religious beliefs?

Wisconsin v Yoder

the great compromise provided for

a bicameral legislature with one house's composition based upon state population and another on equal representation

If legislation passes in both House of Rep. and Senate but each version is slightly different, the conflicting bills are sent to

a conference committee for review and compromise

the decision in us v. lopez (1995) reflected new ideas about federalism at the time that can be best characterized by which of the following?

a delegation of power from the federal government to state governments, increasing state and local sovereignty

According to James Madison, which of the following best controls the effects of faction?

a large republic

a committee chair in the HOR is always

a member of the majority party in the chamber

_________ is an example of de facto segregation; _______ is an example of de jure segregation

a predominantly black high school in the year 2018; southern society after Plessy v. Ferguson

based on the previous court rulings, which of the following scenarios would most likely violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment?

a public school system uses race based segregation

in federalist 70, hamilton argues in favor of the need for

a single executive who can respond quickly to crises

what benefits does a strong presidency provide to a representative democracy?

a strong presidency provided unity, stability, and protection

the primary function of the white house staff is to

advise the president

which of the following statements is true regarding congressional terms?

all representatives are up for re-election every two years and one third of senators are up for re-election every two years

The ruling in Plessy V Ferguson

allowed states to pass laws that created segregated facilities

The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade was based on

an implied right to privacy in the Bill of Rights

The right to assemble would protect each of the following except

anti-abortion supporters blocking access doors to an abortion clinic

which of the following is true of the relationship between congress and executive agencies?

because the agencies have bureaucratic expertise, congress delegates "rule making authority" to them

the argument made in the brown v board of education case was that black were

being denied equal protection of the laws as was required by the 14th amendment

brutus was an example of an anti federalist because he...

believed a centralized government posed a major threat to individual rights

federalist

believed a large republic ensured the best protection of individual freedoms

anti federalist

believed only a small republic could best ensure the protection of individual freedoms

Virginia Plan

bicameral legislature with representation based on population for both houses

which of the following forms of financial aid from the national government gives the states the broadest discretion in the spending of money?

block grants

which of the following is true according to the diagram?

both chambers make use of a system of majority and minority whips

the us fish and wildlife service will spend money appropriated by congress to maintain wildlife refuges. this action is an example of

bureaucratic implementation of law

in federalist 10, james madison argued that the new constitution would help control factions by doing which of the following?

by creating a large republic, the new constitution made it less likely that a faction could gain enough power to completely dominate

the process known as selective incorporation can be described as a

case by case inclusion of individuals rights at the state level

the free exercise clause protects:

citizens openly practicing their religion and attending their chosen "house of worship"

which of the following statements best describes the difference between civil liberties and civil rights?

civil liberties are the constitutional protections against the federal government listed in the bill of rights; civil rights are protections that have been extended to various groups

in the Supreme Court decision Schneck v United States, it was stated that the government can limit speech is such speech brings a

clear and present danger

what is likely the effect of the court ruling in the Bakke case?

colleges can consider race but cannot use strict racial quotas in admission practices

enhances federal power

commerce clause

which of the following scenarios best illustrates delegated discretionary authority?

congress giving the EPA the power to establish national pollution standards

congress is most likely to exert oversight of the executive bureaucracy in which of the following ways?

controlling an executive agency's annual budget

which of the following best reflects the holding in the case baker v carr (1962)?

created a one person, one vote standard for reviewing congressional districts

a "cloture motion" passed in the senate does which of the following?

cuts off debate on a bill

Since the 1970's, Presidents have made use of executive orders at an increasing rate because executive orders

do not need to be passed by Congress

which of the following principles protects a citizen from imprisonment without a trail?

due process

the passage of the 24th amendment

eliminated poll taxes

which of the following accurately characterizes the main difference between elite theories and pluralists theories of politics in the us?

elite theories argue that a single group dominated politics in all policy areas; pluralist theories argue that many groups compete for power in different policy areas

the legislative process at the national level reflects the intent of the dreamers of the constitution to create a legislature that would...

ensure that all groups be equally represented

The term bicameralism refers to

establishment of two legislative chambers that have different structures and rules

The exclusionary rule was incorporated at the state level due to the Mapp v Ohio decision. The exclusionary rule states that

evidence obtained via constitutional means must be excluded from court proceedings

a member of the HOR has introduced a bill to raise the minimum wage, but it has been in committee for 36 days and is unlikely to make it to the floor. which of the following is the best course of action for the representative to take to get a vote on the bill?

filing for a discharge petition

which of the following accurately compares the formal and informal powers of the president?

formal power: acting as commander in chief of the military; informal power: singing executive agreements with foreign nations

the __________ amendment to the U.S. Constitution was delegated to grant equal rights for black americans

fourteenth

In contrast to revenue sharing, categorical grants in aid provide state and local governments with

funds to administer programs clearly specified by the federal government

establishing the boundaries of US congressional districts to give one party an advantage over another party is referred to as

gerrymandering

which of the following choices accurately represents the differences between government corporations and independent executive agencies?

government corporations fulfill a function that the private sector may not be able to take care of, independent executive agencies operate generally outside of the political realm and appointments are nonpartisan

bureaucratic rule making is best defined as

guidelines issued by government agencies, which provide specific details about how a policy will be implemented

pork barrel legislation helps the re-election chances of a member of congress because such legislation

helps earn the member of congress a reputation for service in his/her district

The supreme court decisions in district of Columbia V Heller and McDonald V Chicago

incorporated the second amendment right to own firearms

symbolic speech

is an action that conveys a message

All of the following powers are granted to the President by the Constitution EXCEPT

issuing executive orders

which of the following statements best explains the motivation behind the way the congressional district is drawn?

it has likely been drawn to pack together voters who are registered with the same party

in engle v Vitale 1962, which of the following provides legal reasoning behind the Supreme Court's ruling?

it ruled that the state had no justifiable interest to compel students to listen to a non-denominational prayer led by public school teachers, finding a clear establishment clause violation

the voting rights act of 1965 has which of the following effects?

it was a major means to increase the number of minority voters and minority office holders

which of the following is a consequence of the way the district is drawn on the map?

it will likely lead to a less competitive general election. which could lead to increased partisanship

the message behind federalist 78 ties into which of the following views on federal courts?

judicial independence

those who believe that the supreme court in its rulings should defer to the elective institutions of government are advocating

judicial restraint

the judicial branch can check and balance the power of the legislative branch by

judicial review

the concept of judicial independence ensures that

justices are free from direct political pressure

which statements best summarize the correct understanding of civil rights?

laws can make distinctions, but not all distinctions are acceptable

The clearest description of libel and slander is

libel refers to defamatory written statements; slander refers to defamatory spoken statements

what does federalist 78 say about qualifications for supreme court justices?

life tenure frees judges from political pressure

appointments to the federal judiciary are often contentious for which of the following reasons?

life terms for federal judges mean that presidential appointees will continue to have influence long after the presidents term is over

The practice in Congress in which representative a promises to vote for representatives B legislation and vice versa is referred to as

logrolling

the concept of judicial review was solidifies by

marbury v. madison

HOR

members are elected by constituents in a local district based on population

Senate

members are elected by the constituents of an entire state

Executive agreements have been cited as evidence that

modern presidents often try to avoid legislative checks and balances on their authority

which of the following ideals of democracy would the attorneys for the same sex couple most likely put forth as their argument?

natural rights of life and liberty include the right to marry who you choose

a new president has been elected and has a number of positions to fill within the federal bureaucracy. which of the following is an example of filling a position based on political patronage?

nominating a high level campaign fund raiser to serve an ambassador to new Zealand

one of the key components of the 5th amendment is its protection of citizens from self incrimination. "protection from self incrimination" refers to a person

not having to say anything that might make him look guilty

Congressional legislative powers include all of the following EXCEPT

pardoning felons

which of the following statements best reflects james madison's beliefs about political representation as expressed in the passage

people are best represented by a few politicians chosen to voice their issues

congressional standing committees are best described as

permanent subject-matter committees

the theory that all interests are free to compete for influence in government, resulting in healthy democratic compromise and balanced, is called

pluralism

If Congress adjourns during the ten days the president has to consider a bill passed by both houses of Congress, but which the president has not yet signed, what is the result?

pocket veto

which of the following actions were meant to limit the voting of black Americans?

poll taxes, white primaries, and literacy test

in order to search a person, ones home, or their belongings, an agent of the government must have

probably cause

which of the following is an accurate comparison of rights protected and not protected by the first amendment?

protected: the right to burn a flag; not protected: obscenity

which of the following was the ruling in shaw v reno (1993)?

racial gerrymandering violates the fourteenth amendment

which of the following may the president do to limit the supreme courts power?

refuse to enforce a ruling by the court

a policy that sets emission standards for automobiles is an example of

regulatory process

The civil rights act of 1964 did all the following except

require that all white owned businesses hire a workforce that was made up of at least 20% minority workers

the constitutional powers that are given exclusively to the government are

reserved powers

which of the following committees in the HOR sets conditions for debate and amendments on most legislation?

rules

a(n) ____________ is written authorization from a court specifying the area to be searched and what the police are searching for

search warrant

which government principle is at risk when an agency such as the USDA makes rules, enforces those rules, and makes decisions that arise related to disputes concerning those rules?

separation of powers

most of the work of legislating in congress takes place in

standing committees

in the US judicial system, when a judge decides a case based on decisions rendered in similar cases in the past, the judge is following the principle of

stare decisis

the "full faith and credit clause" of the us constitution refers to the obligation of

states to honor actions, records, and court proceedings from the other states

enhances state power

tenth amendment

a judicial activist is a judge who believes

that courts should create policy through decisions

of the following, which had been used the most to expand the power of the national government?

the commerce clause of the constitution

viewing the structure of federalism as "dual federalism" states that

the federal government and the state governments operate independently of one another with each handling its own issues separately

which of the following is an accurate description of the decision in mcculloch v Maryland (1819)?

the federal government had the authority to establish a national bank, and Maryland's tax was unconstitutional

which of the following best illustrates the concept of iron triangles?

the long term relationships between agencies, congressional committees, and interest groups in specific policy areas

in the 1780s, proponents of the new constitution cited shays rebellion as an example of which of the following criticisms of the national government under the articles of confederation?

the national government did not provide sufficient protection of individual rights

which of the following clauses in the constitution justifies the "implied powers doctrine"?

the necessary and proper clause

by using the phrase "creative federalism", president johnson is most likely referring to which of the following features of the American system?

the relationship between the federal and state governments evolves over time and flexible enough to permit new forms of interaction

which of the following is an example of checks and balances, as established by the constitution?

the requirement that presidential appointments to the supreme court be approved by the senate

the debate between federalists and anti federalists were primarily about which of the following issues?

the scope and power of the central government

each of the following is an example of the legislative branch balancing powers of the executive branch EXCEPT

the senate approval process of executive orders

in the federalist papers, james madison argues that political liberty is best protected by...

the separation of political power in a large republic

which of the following was made clear by the 14th amendment

the states could not deny its citizens equal protection of the laws

which of the following features of the us constitution would most concern the author of brutus 1?

the supremacy clause, which gives the federal government supremacy over states

which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of a case being decided based on precedent?

the supreme court bases it's decision in a case involving the commerce clause on one of its either decisions involving the commerce clause

the application of the death penalty has been limited in recent decades and cannot be applied to minors and people who are found to be mentally incompetent. which of the following is a reason for this?

the supreme court changed is interpretation of what constitutes cruel and unusual punishment under the eighth amendment

all of the following statements reflect positions the Supreme Court has taken with regard to the right of free speech except

there are no acceptable governmental restrictions on free speech

a major difference between the house and senate is that

there is unlimited debate in the Senate but not in the House

which of the following is true of independent regulatory commissions

they are less subject to control of the president than at cabinet departments

concurrent powers have which of the following effects on the us political system?

they make it possible for the states and the national government to simultaneously exercise influence in the same areas of public policy

new jersey plan

unicameral legislature with equal representation for all states

president roosevelt took his case directly to the american people to gain public support... this type of presidential communication is an example of which of the following?

using the bully pulpit

Which of the following actions by public school students would most likely be protected symbolic speech based on the preceding established by tinker v des moines independent community school district 1969?

wearing T-shirts objecting to a school board decision

in which of the following situations with the Supreme Court be most likely to utilize the doctrine of selective incorporation?

when an individual claims that a right protected by the Bill of Rights is infringed upon by a state

grandfather clauses were effective at preventing African-Americans from voting because

with the exception of some free black people the grandfathers of African-Americans had been slaves


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