AP Gov: multiple choice

The United States Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that schools must integrate with all deliberate speed. Which constitutional clause is this ruling based on? A. The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment B. The Reserved Powers Clause of the 10th Amendment C. The Elastic Clause in Article I, section 8 D. The Full Faith and Credit clause in Article 4 E. The Due Process Clause of the 5th Amendment

A

the advantage of incumbency in congressional elections include which of the following? I. incumbents receive more campaign contributions than do challengers II. incumbents are able to provide important services for individual voters III. the government provides campaign funds for incumbents IV. the president usually endorses incumbents for election V. most american voters believe congress does a good job A. I and II only b. III and IV only c. I, IV, and V only d. II, III, V only e. III, IV, and V only

A

what is a fundamental difference between a delegate and a superdelegate to the Democratic National Convention? a. a delegate is usually an elected official of the Democratic Party b. a delegate must run in a primary caucus, whereas a super delegate does not c. a delegate can represent both genders, but all superdelegates are women d. a delegate can nominate the presidential candidate at the convention, but the superdelegate cannot e. a delegate can vote for whomever he wants, whereas a superdelegate is pledged to a single candidate

B

Which of the following is true of the right to privacy A. It is found in the 6th amendment B. it is a state, not a federal right C. it is not an enumerated civil liberty D. it is stated in the 14th amendment E. it is the only civil liberty to not be incorporated

C

In America's political landscape, which type of minor party is most likely to endure long-term? A. Economic protest parties, like the Populist Party B. Factional parties, like the Bull Moose Party C. Single-issue parties, like the Know-Nothing Party D. Ideological parties, like the Socialist Party E. European parties, like the Christian Democrat Party

D

In Obergfell v. Hodges the Supreme Court held that: A. The 14th Amendment makes the 2nd Amendment right to bear arms applicable to the states B. The 14th Amendment incorporated the 3rd Amendment "no quarreling" clause to the states C. The 14th Amendment requires illegally gained evidence in a police search to be excluded from court D. The 14th Amendment requires states to license a marriage between two people of the same sex E. The 14th Amendment requires a right to an attorney in all felony cases

D

In Roe v. Wade the majority of Supreme Court justices determined that A. a constitutional right to privacy necessitated making contraceptives legal B. abortions could be performed only during the first twelve weeks of a pregnancy C. homosexuality is unconstitutional D. the United States constitution implies a right to privacy and thus made abortion legal E. a husband is allowed to veto his wife's decision to have an abortion

D

typically, presidential candidates implement their campaign strategies by a. applying their resources evenly among the states, because they must win popular votes of the states to be elected b. focusing on larger, competitive states, because they might tip the balance of the electoral college c. focusing on small states, because these states have proportionally more electoral votes than larger ones d. ignoring the electoral college, bc the popular vote determines the outcome of the election e. ignoring the electoral college, bc more states are moving away from the winner-take-all system

b

what happens as a result of the increase in the number of social media outlets? a. the public relies more on the mainstream media b. the reliability of the news is lessened c. there is a greater concentration of news media ownership d. more newspapers go out of business e. there is more regulation of the internet

b

what is the free rifer problem a. individuals have a difficult time finding jobs during economic downturns b. individuals do not bother to join an interest group because they receive the same benefits as the people who work to support the interest group c. members of congress do not try to learn much about the bills being introduced, as they normally vote in line with the platform of the party they belong to d. the Vice President does not normally campaign too much during presidential elections, as he or she would simply be elected if their running mate is elected to the presidency e. too many earmarks are placed on a bill

b

which of the following best explains why the winner of a presidential election usually claims to have a mandate from the voters a. the president;s party often wins a majority of the seats in congress by riding the president's coattails b. the allocation of electoral votes in the winner take all system exaggerates the margin of victory c. presidents are allowed to implement their legislative agenda without interference during their first term d. the new president is allowed to replace a significant number of justices on the supreme court e. the incoming president automatically gains control of congress

b

which of the following is an example that demonstrates the revolving door a. a judge who served as a state or federal justice is promoted to the us Supreme Court based on her political leaning and beliefs b. a US senator decides not to run for another term, and immediately takes a job as a lobbyist for an interest group that used to fund his campaign c. a lobbyist meets with several members of congress within one legislative session, increasing the impact her firm has over a contentious law d. a candidate running for president is caught collaborating with her super pac, violating federal election laws e. ambassadors meet with high level officials from a foreign country on behalf of the president

b

when a government institutes the practices of Keynesian economic theory, the economy is stimulated because a. the government cuts taxes placing more money in the hands of its citizens b. the government raises taxes on the wealthiest citizens making the budgetary shortfalls c. the government increases its spending to produce job growth even if it means running a budget deficit d. the federal reserve board lowers interest rates allowing more people to borrow money at a cheaper rate e. the government provides a tax rebate directly to its citizens encouraging them to spend the money on goods and services

c

which of the following has the authority over the printing of money a. the office of management and budget b. the council of economic advisors c. the department of the treasury d. the federal reserve board e. the house appropriations committee

c

which of the following political stances would not be supported by the typical female voter? a. opposition to capital punishment b. support of government expansion of welfare c. opposition to same sex marriage d. more restrictions on firearms e. support of nationalized health care

c

which of the following statements regarding political action committees is true a. they cannot make campaign contributions b. they are restricted in the number of candidates they may contribute to during an election year c. they are the part of a union or corporation that may make campaign contributions d. they are currently contributing less money today to campaigns than ten years ago e. they make soft money contributions under current election campaign laws

c

the primary purpose of the North America free trade agreement is to a. strengthen the mutual defense agreements between the countries of Western Europe b. set up a mutual defense agreement between the US, Mexico, and Canada c. encourage the tide between the US and the countries of Western Europe d. reduce trade barriers between the US, Mexico, and Canada e. set up a system whereby the countries that were forms part of the soviet bloc could be admitted to the North Atlantic treaty organization

d

what usually happens when one party controls the executive branch and another party controls one or both houses of Congress? a. state governments become stronger b. the president has expanded power to get proposals through congress c. the White House executive department issue more policies d. compromise must occur if legislation is going to get signed into law e. congress becomes the stronger branch of government

d

which media outlet has seen an overall decline starting in the last 25 years a. the internet b. the radio c. television d. newspapers e. books or ebooks

d

which of the following is no one of the 4 D's for fighting terrorism a. deny sponsorship, support, and sanctuary to terrorists b. defeat terrorists and their organizations c. diminish the underlying condition that terrorists seek to exploit d. deter terrorists and their organizations from gaining access to weapons e. defense US citizens and interest at home and abroad

d

which of the following statements is supported by the information in the table a. strong democrats were more likely to vote their party identification than were strong republicans b. independents were less likely to vote than were party identifiers c. there was no difference among independents voting for candidates of either party d. partisanship was a good predictor of the way a person voted e. the number of strong democrats was less than the number o strong republicans

d

while lobbying members of congress can be an effect interest group tactics used to alter the policymaking process, it is most effective when a. the lobbyist contributes PAC money to a congress members campaign b. the congress member supports the cause of the group c. the lobbyist promises the congress member financial gifts d. the congress member is facing reelection e. the lobbyist offers to campaign on behalf of the congress member

d

Which of the following did the most to expand civil rights in 1950s? A. State legislative decisions desegregating public accommodations B. State court decisions outlawing poll taxes C. The passage of voting-rights legislation by Congress D. Executive orders mandating affirmative action E. The Supreme Court decision declaring state-madnadted school segregation to be unconstitutional

e

all of the following statements regarding net neutrality are true except a. it was created during presidential obamas administration b. it would create several lanes that a company can enter to boost their bandwidth and speed c. it requires internet service providers to treat every website the same d. it was created to level the playing field for all internet based companies e. opponents argue it would curtail innovation on the internet

e

critical elections in the US have typically occurred a. as a result of a temporary shift in the popular coalitions supporting one or both parties b. whenever a third party has secured more than 15% of the presidential vote c. each time a republican has been elected d. when voter turnout has declined significantly from previous elections e. when groups of voters have changed traditional patterns of party loyalty

e

the primary function of political action committees (PACs) is to ____ a. serve as fun raising organizations for challengers b. provide members of congress with unbiased information regarding proposed legislation c. consult with the president regarding domestic policy d. encourage broader participation in politics among the electorate e. raise campaign funds to support favored candidates

e

what is one of the cons of newspapers in the context of government and politics? a. they are not able to cover stories in as much depth as television b. they target younger audiences and do not reach everyone c. they have not adopted to the online medium d. they have little historical importance in the US e. they cannot respond to breaking news as effectively as television or the internet

e

which of the following is not a reason interest groups are important a. interest groups increase social capital b. interest groups are created for the public good c. interest groups give people a chance to be heard d. interest groups offer citizens greater access to politicians e. interest groups handle a great amount of money

e

which of the following most accurately describes media coverage of elections a. coverage of presidential primaries gives relatively equal power to states regardless of when they hold their primaries b. coverage tends to focus on issues rather than on which candidate is ahead in public opinion polls c. reporters who use secret sources in their campaign coverage are shielded by federal law from having to reveal those sources d. radio and television stations must provide on their news broadcasts equal time for and equal coverage for major party candidates e. network news coverage is usually dominated by reporters who offer relatively short sound bites from the candidates

e

Which of the following best describes the politics of Libertarians a. conservative on economic issues and unconcerned about social issues b. conservative on economic issues and liberal on social issues c. liberal on economic issues and conservative on social issues d. unconcerned about economic issues and liberal on social issues e. liberal on economic issues and liberal on social issues

a

a policy that sets emission standards for automobiles is an example of a. regulatory policy b. judicial policy c. fiscal policy d. distributive policy e. redistributive policy

a

executive agreements have been cited as evidence that a. modern presidents often try to avoid legislative checks and balances on their authority b. the executive branch has become too large and bureaucratic c. presidents have less power in handling foreign policy than in handling domestic policy d. interest groups have too much power in the contemporary government system e. the courts have few means of limiting presidential power

a

mush of the steady increase in federal government expenditures since 1960 has been cause by a. increases in entitlement programs b. higher interest rates caused by an increase in the discount rate c. the provisions of the gramm-rudman-hollings act d. increased purchases of the US government securities by foreign investors e. the growth of the US trade imbalance

a

public monies are used to help finance which of the following campaigns? I. presidential II. congressional III. governor a. I only B. II only c. I and II only d. II and III only e. I, II, and III

a

the largest amount of political coverage in newspaper during presidential campaigns is devoted to a. day to day campaign activities b. the platform of the major parties c. candidates' policy stands on domestic issues d. candidates' stands on foreign policy issues e. candidates' experience and qualifications

a

these journalists dig into corruption in government, corporations, and other areas of public concern starting in the late 19th century a. yellow journalist b. investigative journalists c. broadcast media d. political machines e. off the record journalists

a

what is grassroots lobbying a. an interest group encouraging and organizing its members to contact their representatives in congress in support of the interest group's policy goals b. a public relations campaign an interest group undertakes to change the opinions of ordinary citizens c. an effort by an interest group to increase its membership d. lobbying by community groups when no national interest group has been formed e. a campaign by the interest group's members to change the position of the interest group's leadership on proposed legislation

a

which of the following groups is most likely to vote for the democratic candidates for president? a. African americans b. households in which no one is a member of a labor union c. males d. people over the age of 55 e. females

a

which of the following stages comes first in the policy making process a. agenda setting b. legitimation c. program evaluation d. policy formulation e, implementation

a

the founding fathers created the electoral college because a. there was no alternative method for choosing the president b. they wanted a filter between the will of people and the actual election of a president c. they did not want to have a popular vote d. they were copying a system long-established in Great Britain, France, and Germany e. a majority of the american people disagreed with the concept of democracy

b

All the following are true about selective incorporation except A. it increased the power of the federal government B. It happened gradually from the end of the Civil War through the 20th century C. It decreased the importance of the Bill of Rights in individual states D. the protection against cruel and unusual punishment E. a demand from one state to extradite a suspect from another state

A

Democratic Party priorities tend to be focused on all of the following issues Except A. Healthcare B. military C. education d. poverty e. social security

B

Just as the 4th amendment's right to privacy has been declared enforceable against the states through the Due Process Clause of the 14th, it is enforceable by the same sanction...as is used against the federal government. Were it otherwise,...the assurance against unreasonable searches and seizures would be 'a form of words,' valueless. 'in the concept of ordered liberty" Which principles are addressed above? I. The incorporation doctrine II. The concept of eminent domaine III. The exclusionary rule IV. The wall of separation doctrine A. I and II B. I and III C. I and IV D. II and III E. II and IV

B

To which level of government did the Bill of Rights originally apply? A. State government only B. Federal government only C. State and federal governments only D. Local and federal governments only E. Local, state, and federal governments

B

Which of the following best describes a purpose of the Establishment Clause? A. It gives Congress the power to protect civil rights and civil liberties B. It prohibits Congress from establishing a state religion C. It empowers Congress to create a national bank D. It prevents Congress from prohibiting the possession of guns on school grounds E. It grants Congress the power to establish post roads and post offices

B

Alvin is 24 year old American who holds the following political opinions: he favors less spending on the military, approves of the benefits of the welfare system, and favors government regulation of the banking industry. Which of the following options would you expect Alvin to hold? A. Pro life B Opposes any attempts at gun regulation C. Believes all drugs should be legal D. Favors gay marriage E. In favor of the death penalty

D

The American with Disabilities Act was widely unpopular with governors and mayors because it A. required that people with disabilities be given equal access to public facilities B. required that buildings be retrofitted or remodeled to give equal access to people with disabilities C. did not go far enough to establish equal access to people with disabilities D. applied only to federal facilities and did nothing to accommodate people in municipal buildings E. required states and cities pay for federally mandated instruction and remodeling

E

Which of the following would be most likely to vote in a Republican primary? A. A 25 year old white male with some high school education who is employed as a laborer in a Florida city B. A 55 year old African American saleswoman from Georgia who has a master's degree C. A 65 year old Hispanic male from California who worked as a janitor and lives on social security D. A 35 year old female secretary from New York with an associates' degree who is a devout Catholic E. A 45 year old white businessman from South Carolina who attends Protestant services weekly

E

as a group, the media's biggest role in the political process is a. determining who gets elected to state and federal offices b. helping to set the issues that political leaders need to address c. presenting an elected official in the best possible light to the public d. reinforcing values such as patriotism and family e. paying candidate for exclusive stories

b

fiscal policy refers to the government's power to a. regulate specific industries b. tax and spend c. reapportion congressional states d. control the supply of money e. enforce traites

b

interest groups are protected under the constitution by the ____ a. provisions of article I, Section 8 b. first amendment c. ninth amendment d. tenth amendment e. fourteenth amendment

b

the concept that the american political process is dominated by the struggle of multiple interest groups each trying to advance its own political goals can best be described as a. democracy b. pluralism c. free enterprise d. socialism e. elitism

b

The most influential contribution third parties make to American politics is a. winning elections b. donating to mainstream candidates' campaign funds c. endorsing candidates for office d. organizing get out the vote initiatives e. forcing the mainstream parties to address particular issues

e

All the following are cases of realignment except A. 1860 b. 1824 c. 1932 d. 1928 e. 1896

b

a corporate lobbyist would be least likely to have an informal discussion about a pending policy matter with which of the following a. a member of the house in whose district the corporation has a plant b. a member of the White House staff concerned about the issue c. a member of the staff of the senate committee handling a matter of concern to the corporation d. a federal judge in whose court a case important to the corporation is being heard e. a journalist for a major newspaper concerned about the issue

b

the debate between _____ are considered the standard for how a debate can impact an election a. bush and Clinton b. bison and mcgovern c. Johnson and goldwater d. kennedy and nixon e. bush and gore

d

A state has 11 electoral votes. In a presidential election, the democrat receives 48% of the state's popular vote, the Republican receives 40% of the vote and an independent receives 12% of the vote. if a state is similar to most other states, how will the electoral votes most likely be allocated? a. the democrat will receive 5 electoral votes, the Republican will receive 4, and the independent will receive 2 b. the democrat will receive 6 electoral votes and the republican will receive 5 c. the democrat will receive all 11 electoral votes d. the votes will not be allocated until there is a runoff election between the democrat and the republican e. the house of representatives will determine the allocation of the electoral votes

c

How did the Supreme Court decisions rule regarding affirmative action? A. Quotas were legal if they created diversity B. Only the federal government could create affirmative action programs C. Race could be used in college admissions programs D. Affirmative action could be used in college admissions programs, but not the workplace E. Race based programs were illegal on the federal and state levels

c

Which of the following BEST describes the meaning of the Equal Protection Clause? A. All individuals have equal political rights B. The federal government is never allowed to discriminate between different groups of people C. Federal or state governments have to prove just cause when discriminating against a group of people D. All religions and minorities are to be treated equally E. All individuals have equal social rights

c

Which of the following is Not a civil rights amendment to the Constitution? A. 15th Amendment B. 19th Amendment C. 17th Amendment D. 23th Amendment E. 26th Amendment

c

Which of the following is true of voters below 30? a. they tend to vote in higher percentages in mid-term elections b. they vote in lower percentages when the candidates are young c. they vote in lower percentages than any other age group d. they identify strongly with political parties e. they tend to be the most politically educated age group in the country

c

all of the following are examples of horse race journalism except a. which candidate is ahead in the polls b. which candidate is raising the most money c. which candidate is opposed to offshore drilling d. which candidate has the most TV ads e. which candidate has received the most celebrity endorsements

c

all of the following are examples of horse-race journalism except a. which candidate is ahead in the polls b. which candidate is raising the most money c. which candidate is opposed to offshore drilling d. which candidate has the most TV ads e. which candidate has received the most celebrity endorsement

c

interest groups enter the policy process in all of the following ways except a. lobbying state government officials b. electioneering for a congressional candidate c. running their own candidate for public office d. filling a class action lawsuit e. creating a PAC

c

interest groups promote united states democracy by ___ a. expressing detailed, ideologically distinct programs b. centralizing public authority c. linking citizens to the political process d. increasing domination of the political process by the elites e. lobbying members of congress

c

the amount by which federal spending exceeds revenues in a given year is known as the a. national debt b. capital gain c. budget deficit d. gross domestic product e. interest on the debt

c

the formula for determining the total number of electoral votes in the electoral college is: a, the number of seats in the house of representatives plus the number of seats in the senate, plus the number of Supreme Court justices b. the number of states, plus the number of seats in congress plus the district of columbia c. the number of seats in the house of representatives, plus the number of seats in the senate, plus seats set aside for the district go Columbia d. the total number of seats in congress e. the population of the United States divided by 50 states

c

the issue of the front-loading of primaries by state a. has led most states to want to return to the caucus method b. has come about because most states want to make their primaries less expensive c. has come about because states want their primaries to be more important than other states' primaries d. has come about because voters are more likely yo vote when a primary is earlier rather than later e. has created a shorter, more efficient primary season

c

the media's effect on public opinion can be best described as a. influencing older citizen's opinions of incumbents b. affecting the public's view on domestic policy only c. influencing which issues the public sees as important d. changing we'll educated people's views on foreign policy e. influencing the public's views on controversial issues only

c

the primary responsibility for determine monetary policy in the US rests with the a. international monetary fun b. world bank c. board of governors of the federal reserve system d. treasury department e. comptroller of the currency

c

Registered voters directly elect which of the following I the president and vice president II Supreme Court justices III members of the senate IV members of the house of representatives a. I only b. IV only c. I and II only d. III and IV only e. II, III, IV only

d

Party identification is most successfully transmitted by which of the following? a. workplace b. church c. educational systems d. the media e. family

e