Ap hug chapter 2 test and vocab
Order to replace its population only a country needs a total fertility rate of
2.1
At the current growth rate, the Doubling time of the worlds' population is approximately
54 years
Which person is most likely to live to be 100 years old
A 91-year-old male
Population pyramid
A bar graph the represents the distribution of population by age and sex
Census
A complete enumeration of a population
Presently natural increase in population is primarily due to
A decrease in the death rate
Pro-natalism is
A government policy that encourages its population to have more children
what differentiates the natural disaster from a natural hazard?
A natural disaster often includes the loss of property and life
Industrial revolution
A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
Overpopulation
A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
What effect did the diffusion of modern medical practices and drugs have on the global population?
Advanced medical practices and drugs have dramatically reduced death rates in least developed countries
According to Thomas Malthus, natural checks on population include all of the following except... Disease, famine, war, natural disasters, agricultural advancements
Agricultural advancements
As an example of an anti-natalist population program is... China's one child policy, Singapore's population and family planning board, India sterilization programs, Iran's programs to encourage small families, all of the above
All of the above
How can a country or region slow down it's birth rates? Keep girls in school longer improve the quality of life for citizens, distribute birth control devices, fun family-planning programs, all of the above
All of the above
Humans do not populate in large numbers in... Areas that are too wet, areas that are too cold, areas that are too dry, areas that are too high and elevation, all of the above
All of the above
What circumstances could high birthrates pose a challenge for a country? It's a country's economy grows the slower rate than the crude birth rate, the country is unable to provide adequate healthcare for its citizens, it's a country's national resources are depleted in an unsustainable manner, if a countries population structure resembles a pyramid, all of the above
All of the above
Why was the demographic transition model based on England's experience? The church kept excellent birth and death records from the year 1000 CE, England experience less migration the most other countries in Europe, England's territory has changed little, England was the first country to pass through all stages of the model, all of the above
All of the above
Problems associated with fast population growth in cities include... An increase in the air, the loss of productive farmland near cities, an increase in traffic congestion, urban slums which result in more poverty and crime, all the above
All the above
Which of the following areas is considered part of the ecumene? Polar ice caps, Emily a mountain zone above 20,000 feet, mid-latitude deserts of Africa, the banks along the look lower Nile River, frozen tundra areas of Siberia
Banks along the lower Nile river
Which of the following countries has the lowest arithmetic density? Brazil, United States, United Kingdom, Canada, India
Canada
Which countries government is most likely to promote an anti-Natalist population policy?
China
The two regions of the United States of the lowest population growth are
Coast and midwest
the United kingdom has a higher death rate in coaster Rica. This is due to the fact that
Coaster Rica's population is younger than the United Kingdom's population
Reasons why governments promote anti- natalist population policies include
Controlling the high population growth of a country
Even after countries birth rate and death rate reach a point of zero population growth, the total population will continue to grow for a period of time before it starts to decline. This concept is known as
Demographic momentum
This is the measurement that shows the average number of people and in areas population who are not economically productive, you must be supported by the areas economically productive population
Dependency ratio
Pandemic
Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population
Epidemiologic transition
Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
The part of earths surface that is physically suitable for permanent human settlement is known as
Ecumene
Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density? Egypt, United Kingdom, Nigeria, India
Egypt
The theory that farmers will adopt new and modern methods to keep up with demand caused by an increase in population was proposed by who?
Esther Boserup
Globally the three largest population concentrations are located in
Europe, south Asia, and East Asia
Which countries government is most likely to promote a pronatalist policy? United Kingdom, China, France, India, Nigeria
France
The largest major population concentration of North America is
From Washington DC to Boston
Which of the following graphs exhibits a J curve? Global birthrates overtime, global infant mortality rates over time, global population growth overtime, global dependency ratio overtime, all of the above
Global population growth overtime
What is an excellent way to bring down a countries population growth rate without increased funding for family-planning and distribution of birth control devices?
Improve the economic environment
Neo malthusian Siri believes that
In addition to outstripping food supply, world population growth is also overtaxing other resources like fuel and energy
Over the past 200 years the population of the world has
Increased by approximately more than 5.5 billion
In the next 50 years the population of the world
Is expected to rise to approximately 9 billion
Arable land
Land suitable for agriculture
Presently most population growth in the world is occurring in
Least developed countries
Carrying capacity is the
Maximum number of people in area can support using all of its available resources and technology
And anti-made a list population policy is
Meant to lower the total fertility rate of the population
Medical revolution
Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to the poorer countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives.
Which statement about the male-female ratio is most accurate?
More males are born than females, but females outnumber males after age 80
Which of the following states of the lowest population growth rate?
New York
What region of North America is most densely populated?
North east
Which of the following factors does not affect a persons life expectancy? Gender, Socio economic status, education, parents ages at the time of person's birth, access to healthcare
Parents ages at the time of the person's birth
Poland's total fertility rate is 1.2 what impact will this have on Poland's population
Polands population is decreasing
Which statement about overpopulation is true? Overpopulation is unlikely because food production potential is unlimited, overpopulation occurs when an areas population is greater than its caring capacity, overpopulation can only occur in less developed areas, overpopulation is achieved when the physiological density which is more than 1000/Km, all of the above
Population occurs when an Areas population is greater than its carrying capacity
The population clusters in Asia are
Predominantly rural in nature
Historically, the worlds population grew
Slowly until about 18 CE before growing quickly between 18 CE in the present
The four major population clusters in the world include all the following reasons except South America, South Asia, South East Asia, East Asia, Europe
South America
Black plague
Stage 1 of Epidemiologic transition disease
Cholera
Stage 2 of Epidemiologic transition disease
Aging diseases like heart disease and cancer
Stage 3 of Epidemiologic transition disease
Cancers spread more slowly or are removed all together
Stage 4 of Epidemiologic transition disease
Malaria because of Mosquitos adapting to not respond to DDT
Stage 5 of Epidemiologic transition disease
Into what stage of the demographic transition model would Brazil and Mexico fit?
Stage III
Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Poland in Japan fit?
Stage five
Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Australia and Canada fit?
Stage four
The highest CBR in the world are found in
Sub-Saharan Africa
The natural increase rate is calculated by
Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate
Which statement best describes the different characteristics of populations in United States and Europe?
The arithmetic density of the United States is less than that of Europe
Big country's total fertility rate is
The average number of children a woman can expect to give birth to during her lifetime
Life expectancy is
The average number of years a person is expected to live
Life expectancy
The average number of years an individual can be expected to live.
Epidemiology
The branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality
The major factor contributing to the explosive population growth in more developed countries during the 19th and early 20th centuries was
The diffusion of birth Control devices
The total fertility rate of United States for 2008 was estimated to be 2.1 what does this mean for the population of the United States?
The doubling time of United States is about 35 years
Highland area support large populations in... Central Mexico, East Africa, Central Asia, South East Asia, the first two only
The first two only
Agricultural density is
The number of farmers per square mile of arable land
Physiological density is
The number of people per square mile of arable
Physiological density
The number of people per unit of area of arable land
Arithmetic density is
The number of people per unit of measurement
Dependency ratio
The number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force
Doubling time
The number of years needed to double a population assuming a constant rate of natural increase
Natural increase rate
The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.
Demographic transition
The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high CBR and CDR and low rates of natural increase to a condition of low CBR and CDR, low rate of natural increase, and higher population
The natural increase rate measures
The rate of population growth in the area as measured by birth rate and death rate
Agricultural density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics
Reasons why life expectancy in Africa so will include all of the following except... The diffusion of AIDS, poor sanitation, famine, the spread of SARS, fighting frequently and war
The spread of SARS
Demography is
The study of population
A countries crude birth rate is
The total number of children born per 1000 population
Infant mortality rate
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year of age for every 1,000 living people
Crude death rate
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 living people
Crude birth rate
The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people
Arithmetic density
The total number of people divided by the total land area
A country's crude death rate is
The total number of people who die per 1000 population
Thomas Malthus believed that
The world would soon be overpopulated because population grows at an exponential rate while the food supply increases at an arithmetic great
Since 1950, this part of the developing world has seen a dramatic increase in population
Urban areas
Which states state has the highest natural increase rate
Utah
All of the following are population clusters in the East Asian population concentration except... eastern China, the Korean Polin peninsula, Japan, western China, Taiwan
Western China
All the following populated areas are on or close to major earthquake fault lines except
Western Europe
Ecumene
Where humans settle permanently
Reasons why women in the United States are having fewer children and 50 years ago include all the following except... Women are getting married later in life, women are becoming more educated, women are more likely to enter the workforce, women have poor diets, women are more likely to use contraceptives
Women have poorer diets
The phenomenon of the country experience is a decline in the total fertility rate so that it experiences no natural increase is known as
Zero population growth
The total change in population of the country's population is represented by which of the following equations
total population change