Ap hug chapter 2 test and vocab

Order to replace its population only a country needs a total fertility rate of

2.1

At the current growth rate, the Doubling time of the worlds' population is approximately

54 years

Which person is most likely to live to be 100 years old

A 91-year-old male

Population pyramid

A bar graph the represents the distribution of population by age and sex

Census

A complete enumeration of a population

Presently natural increase in population is primarily due to

A decrease in the death rate

Pro-natalism is

A government policy that encourages its population to have more children

what differentiates the natural disaster from a natural hazard?

A natural disaster often includes the loss of property and life

Industrial revolution

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods

Overpopulation

A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

What effect did the diffusion of modern medical practices and drugs have on the global population?

Advanced medical practices and drugs have dramatically reduced death rates in least developed countries

According to Thomas Malthus, natural checks on population include all of the following except... Disease, famine, war, natural disasters, agricultural advancements

Agricultural advancements

As an example of an anti-natalist population program is... China's one child policy, Singapore's population and family planning board, India sterilization programs, Iran's programs to encourage small families, all of the above

All of the above

How can a country or region slow down it's birth rates? Keep girls in school longer improve the quality of life for citizens, distribute birth control devices, fun family-planning programs, all of the above

All of the above

Humans do not populate in large numbers in... Areas that are too wet, areas that are too cold, areas that are too dry, areas that are too high and elevation, all of the above

All of the above

What circumstances could high birthrates pose a challenge for a country? It's a country's economy grows the slower rate than the crude birth rate, the country is unable to provide adequate healthcare for its citizens, it's a country's national resources are depleted in an unsustainable manner, if a countries population structure resembles a pyramid, all of the above

All of the above

Why was the demographic transition model based on England's experience? The church kept excellent birth and death records from the year 1000 CE, England experience less migration the most other countries in Europe, England's territory has changed little, England was the first country to pass through all stages of the model, all of the above

All of the above

Problems associated with fast population growth in cities include... An increase in the air, the loss of productive farmland near cities, an increase in traffic congestion, urban slums which result in more poverty and crime, all the above

All the above

Which of the following areas is considered part of the ecumene? Polar ice caps, Emily a mountain zone above 20,000 feet, mid-latitude deserts of Africa, the banks along the look lower Nile River, frozen tundra areas of Siberia

Banks along the lower Nile river

Which of the following countries has the lowest arithmetic density? Brazil, United States, United Kingdom, Canada, India

Canada

Which countries government is most likely to promote an anti-Natalist population policy?

China

The two regions of the United States of the lowest population growth are

Coast and midwest

the United kingdom has a higher death rate in coaster Rica. This is due to the fact that

Coaster Rica's population is younger than the United Kingdom's population

Reasons why governments promote anti- natalist population policies include

Controlling the high population growth of a country

Even after countries birth rate and death rate reach a point of zero population growth, the total population will continue to grow for a period of time before it starts to decline. This concept is known as

Demographic momentum

This is the measurement that shows the average number of people and in areas population who are not economically productive, you must be supported by the areas economically productive population

Dependency ratio

Pandemic

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population

Epidemiologic transition

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

The part of earths surface that is physically suitable for permanent human settlement is known as

Ecumene

Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density? Egypt, United Kingdom, Nigeria, India

Egypt

The theory that farmers will adopt new and modern methods to keep up with demand caused by an increase in population was proposed by who?

Esther Boserup

Globally the three largest population concentrations are located in

Europe, south Asia, and East Asia

Which countries government is most likely to promote a pronatalist policy? United Kingdom, China, France, India, Nigeria

France

The largest major population concentration of North America is

From Washington DC to Boston

Which of the following graphs exhibits a J curve? Global birthrates overtime, global infant mortality rates over time, global population growth overtime, global dependency ratio overtime, all of the above

Global population growth overtime

What is an excellent way to bring down a countries population growth rate without increased funding for family-planning and distribution of birth control devices?

Improve the economic environment

Neo malthusian Siri believes that

In addition to outstripping food supply, world population growth is also overtaxing other resources like fuel and energy

Over the past 200 years the population of the world has

Increased by approximately more than 5.5 billion

In the next 50 years the population of the world

Is expected to rise to approximately 9 billion

Arable land

Land suitable for agriculture

Presently most population growth in the world is occurring in

Least developed countries

Carrying capacity is the

Maximum number of people in area can support using all of its available resources and technology

And anti-made a list population policy is

Meant to lower the total fertility rate of the population

Medical revolution

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to the poorer countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives.

Which statement about the male-female ratio is most accurate?

More males are born than females, but females outnumber males after age 80

Which of the following states of the lowest population growth rate?

New York

What region of North America is most densely populated?

North east

Which of the following factors does not affect a persons life expectancy? Gender, Socio economic status, education, parents ages at the time of person's birth, access to healthcare

Parents ages at the time of the person's birth

Poland's total fertility rate is 1.2 what impact will this have on Poland's population

Polands population is decreasing

Which statement about overpopulation is true? Overpopulation is unlikely because food production potential is unlimited, overpopulation occurs when an areas population is greater than its caring capacity, overpopulation can only occur in less developed areas, overpopulation is achieved when the physiological density which is more than 1000/Km, all of the above

Population occurs when an Areas population is greater than its carrying capacity

The population clusters in Asia are

Predominantly rural in nature

Historically, the worlds population grew

Slowly until about 18 CE before growing quickly between 18 CE in the present

The four major population clusters in the world include all the following reasons except South America, South Asia, South East Asia, East Asia, Europe

South America

Black plague

Stage 1 of Epidemiologic transition disease

Cholera

Stage 2 of Epidemiologic transition disease

Aging diseases like heart disease and cancer

Stage 3 of Epidemiologic transition disease

Cancers spread more slowly or are removed all together

Stage 4 of Epidemiologic transition disease

Malaria because of Mosquitos adapting to not respond to DDT

Stage 5 of Epidemiologic transition disease

Into what stage of the demographic transition model would Brazil and Mexico fit?

Stage III

Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Poland in Japan fit?

Stage five

Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Australia and Canada fit?

Stage four

The highest CBR in the world are found in

Sub-Saharan Africa

The natural increase rate is calculated by

Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate

Which statement best describes the different characteristics of populations in United States and Europe?

The arithmetic density of the United States is less than that of Europe

Big country's total fertility rate is

The average number of children a woman can expect to give birth to during her lifetime

Life expectancy is

The average number of years a person is expected to live

Life expectancy

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live.

Epidemiology

The branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality

The major factor contributing to the explosive population growth in more developed countries during the 19th and early 20th centuries was

The diffusion of birth Control devices

The total fertility rate of United States for 2008 was estimated to be 2.1 what does this mean for the population of the United States?

The doubling time of United States is about 35 years

Highland area support large populations in... Central Mexico, East Africa, Central Asia, South East Asia, the first two only

The first two only

Agricultural density is

The number of farmers per square mile of arable land

Physiological density is

The number of people per square mile of arable

Physiological density

The number of people per unit of area of arable land

Arithmetic density is

The number of people per unit of measurement

Dependency ratio

The number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force

Doubling time

The number of years needed to double a population assuming a constant rate of natural increase

Natural increase rate

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Demographic transition

The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high CBR and CDR and low rates of natural increase to a condition of low CBR and CDR, low rate of natural increase, and higher population

The natural increase rate measures

The rate of population growth in the area as measured by birth rate and death rate

Agricultural density

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

Demography

The scientific study of population characteristics

Reasons why life expectancy in Africa so will include all of the following except... The diffusion of AIDS, poor sanitation, famine, the spread of SARS, fighting frequently and war

The spread of SARS

Demography is

The study of population

A countries crude birth rate is

The total number of children born per 1000 population

Infant mortality rate

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year of age for every 1,000 living people

Crude death rate

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 living people

Crude birth rate

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people

Arithmetic density

The total number of people divided by the total land area

A country's crude death rate is

The total number of people who die per 1000 population

Thomas Malthus believed that

The world would soon be overpopulated because population grows at an exponential rate while the food supply increases at an arithmetic great

Since 1950, this part of the developing world has seen a dramatic increase in population

Urban areas

Which states state has the highest natural increase rate

Utah

All of the following are population clusters in the East Asian population concentration except... eastern China, the Korean Polin peninsula, Japan, western China, Taiwan

Western China

All the following populated areas are on or close to major earthquake fault lines except

Western Europe

Ecumene

Where humans settle permanently

Reasons why women in the United States are having fewer children and 50 years ago include all the following except... Women are getting married later in life, women are becoming more educated, women are more likely to enter the workforce, women have poor diets, women are more likely to use contraceptives

Women have poorer diets

The phenomenon of the country experience is a decline in the total fertility rate so that it experiences no natural increase is known as

Zero population growth

The total change in population of the country's population is represented by which of the following equations

total population change