AP Hugs Test 1 Chp 1-2
Hierarchical diffusion
-Ideas are diffused to people who are more susceptible and likely to adopt the idea that is being diffused.
Euclidean space
A measure of space in which operates as an area in which activities take place, aka absolute space.
Envirmental Determinism
A society is determined by its physical landscape/ environment.
Contagious diffusion
A type of expansion diffusion, the ideas are spread to all individuals close/adjacent to the hearth. Ex: Diseases, pandemics
Which of the following variables has an inverse or negative relationship with the level of economic development of a country?
Birth rate
Tobler's Law
Closer things are more related than things farther apart
Which of the following groups would most likely engage in the gentrification of an older residential neighborhood?
Double-income households without children
Which of the following strategies was identified by the 2004 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development as the most powerful approach for reducing the global population growth rate?
Empowering the socioeconomic status of women in less-developed countries
Environmental possibilism
Envirment puts restraints on culture but culture is determined by its social conditions, not the environment.
The region outlined above contains delivery destinations served by United Trucking. Which of the following classifications best fits this region?
Functional
A country in the first stage of demographic transition demonstrates which of the following?
High birth rates, high death rates, and low rates of population growth
Which of the following factors had the greatest effect in proving the demographic theorist Thomas Malthus incorrect?
Improved fertilizers and crop strains
. Which of the following most likely explains the diffusion pattern of the iPod depicted in the graph above?
In the innovation stage, at point A, only a small number of iPod purchases were made, but by point B the number of adopters had grown exponentially as the early buyers spread the word of the iPod.
All the following have been considered new industrial countries EXCEPT
Indonesia
In which of the following pairs do both countries exhibit zero or negative population growth rates?
Japan and Germany
5 themes of geography
Location, Place, Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, Region
On which of the following map projections is direction true everywhere on the map?
Mercator
Functional/nodal region
Produced by interactions in that area, ex: shopping center
The diffusion pattern of Walmart stores, which have spread from small towns to large cities throughout the United States, is an example of
Reverse hierarchical diffusion
The trend above best demonstrates which pattern of diffusion of the H5N1 or H5N2 strain of the avian influenza virus?
Reverse hierarchical diffusion
Which of the following is an example of a quinary-sector economic activity?
Serving on the U.S. president's cabinet
In the first decade of the twenty-first century, which of the following countries had the lowest fertility rate?
South Africa
Which of the four stages in the demographic transition model are considered "homeostatic" stages, when the forces of demographic change are in equilibrium?
Stages 1 and 4
Stimulus diffusion
The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected. Ex: love of silk from China but the USA makes fake silk
Perceptual (vernacular) region
an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity ex: the South
In the 1980s the demographic trend in China was best characterized by a(n)
decreasing general fertility rate
Expansion diffusion
diffuses from the middle, (the hearth) outwards.
Relocation diffusion
diffusion of ideas through the traveling of people from the hearth to another place. Islam spreads from Mecca to the spice islands
reverse hierarchical diffusion
diffusion up a hierarchy, such as from a small town to large cities
The actual number of live births per 1,000 women in the fecund range refers to
general fertility rate
The second agricultural revolution developed at the same time as
growing urban markets were demanding increased food production
Compared with the world pattern of crude birth rates, the world pattern of crude death rates shows
less variation because of the general availability of minimal health care facilities throughout the world
A primate city such as Mexico City is
more than twice the size of any other city in its country and dominant economically and culturally
The focus of the Green Revolution was
reducing starvation in less-developed countries
In 1492, Christopher Columbus's voyage took nearly 40 days to cross the Atlantic Ocean, a trip that would take a modern ship less than one week. This difference best reflects the geographic concept of
space-time compression
Geographic Info System
stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data.
In descriptions of interaction between people and the environment, the term "environmental determinism" implies that
the physical environment exclusively shapes humans and their actions