AP LANG STUDY

Tone

Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character

Tones leads to diction which leads to

Connotation of words

rhetorical situation

Exigence --> Argument --> Purpose

Allusion

Reference to something well known

Syntax

Sentence structure

Voice

Stylistic elements

Denotation

The dictionary definition of a word

Aristotle's Rhetorical Triangle

The relationships, in any piece of writing, between the writer, the audience, and the subject. All analysis of writing is essentially an analysis of the relationships between the points on the triangle.

Figurative Language/Rhetorical Devices

Tools to achieve purpose (unique elements of the piece/text)

Logos

an appeal based on logic or reason

Exigence

an issue, problem, or situation that causes or prompts someone to write or speak (Why?)

Ethos

credibility

Pathos

emotional appeal

Rhetoric

the art of using language effectively and persuasively

Purpose

the goal the speaker wants to achieve

Connotation

the implied or associative meaning of a word

Auidence

the listener, viewer, or reader of a text (Who?)

Karios

timing - right time to deliver a message

Diction

word choice