AP Psych

The concept of control is important in psychological research because

Experimental control allows researchers to study the influence of one or two independent variables on a dependent variable while holding other potential influences constant.

A professor constructs a questionnaire to determine how students at the university feel about nuclear disarmament. What technique should be used in order to survey a random sample of the student body?

From and alphabetical listing of all students, every tenth student should be asked to complete the questionnaire.

Events that are more predictable after they have occurred describes what?

Hindsight bias

Joe believes that his basketball game is always best when he wears his old gray athletic socks. Joe is a victim of the phenomenon called?

Illusory correlation

In an experiment to determine the effects of exercise on motivation, exercise is the?

Independent variable

What can you conclude about height and body weight if they are positively correlated?

Knowing a persons height you can predict their weight.

A psychologist studies the play behavior of third grade children by watching groups during recess at school. What type of research is being used?

Naturalistic observation

To ensure that other researchers can repeat their work psychologists use:

Operational definitions

Juwan eagerly opened an online trading account, believing that his market savvy would allow him to pick stocks that would make him a rich day trader. This belief best illustrates:

Overconfidence

One reason researchers base their findings on representative samples is to avoid the false consensus effect, which refers to our tendency to :

Overestimate the extent to which others share out belief

The strength of the relationship between two vivid events will most likely be?

Overestimated

If shoe size and IQ are negatively correlated, what could be true?

People with small feet tend to have high IQ's

After detailed study of a gunshot wound victim, a psychologist concludes that the brain region destroyed is likely to be important of memory functions, what research strategy did this psychologist use to deduce this?

The case study

In a test of the effect of air pollution, groups of students performed a reaction time task in a polluted or an unpolluted room. To what condition were students in the unpolluted room exposed?

Control

In order to determine the effects of a new drug on memory, one group of people is given a pill that contains the drug. A second group is given a sugar pill that does not contain the drug. this second group constitutes the?

Control group?

Which type of research would allow you to determine whether students' college grades accurately predict later income

Correlation

A researcher was interested in determining whether her students' test performance could be predicted from their proximity to the front of the classroom. So she matched her students' scores on a math test with their seating position. this study is an example of?

Correlation research

In an experiment to determine theeffects of attention on memory, memory is the?

Dependent variable

In a test of the effects of a drug on memory a participant is led to believe that a harmless pill actually contains an active drug is and example of a

Placebo

Theories are defined as:

Principles that help to organize, predict, and explain facts

To say that psychology is a science means that:

Psychologists study thoughts and actions with an attitude of skepticism and derive their conclusions from direct observations

The procedure designed to ensure that the experimental and control groups do not differ in any way that might the experiments results is called

Random assignment

Well done surveys measure attitudes in a representative subset, or ____, of an entire group, or ______

Random sample; population

What is not a basic research strategy used by psychologists?

Replication

The football team's punter wants to determine how consistent his punting distances have been during the past season. He should compute the?

Standard deviation

When a different between two groups is statistically significant this means that?

The difference is not likely to be due to chance variation

To prevent the possibility that a placebo effect or researchers' expectations will influence a study's results, scientists employ?

The double blind procedure

Illusory correlation refers to?

The perception of a correlation where there is none

In order to study the effects of lighting on mood, Dr. Cooper had students fill out questionnaires in brightly lit or dimly lit rooms. In this study The independent variable consisted of?

The room lighting

In generalizing from a sample to the population, it is important that?

The sample be representative

Your roommate is conducting survey to learn how many hours the typical college student studies each day. She plans to pass out her questionnaire to the members of her sorority. You point out that her findings will be flawed because:

The sample will probably not be representative of the population of interest.

You're belief is a _____ and your research prediction is a _____

Theory; Hypothesis