Ap psych unit 1

Q1 Based on the exam scores 8 6 5 10 5 7 1 5 10 Which of the following is the median score?

6

A study can be regarded as scientific only if

its conclusions can be verified or refuted by subsequent studies

According to ethical guidelines set by the APA, which of the following is true of psychological research in which animals are used as subjects?

It should conform to all APA ethical guidelines for animal research

In order to yield information that is generalizable to the population from which it was drawn, a sample must be

representative of the population

Q2 Based on the exam scores 8 6 5 10 5 7 1 5 10 A student who scored at the mode would have now many points?

5

This question is based on the following Rachel plays on the HS basketball team. Her scores for the season are presented in the table below. Scores 4 6 6 9 10 12 15 19 Which of the following is the range of Rachel's scores?

15

Research finds that, in general, the higher an incoming college student scores on a given test, the higher the student's GPA. Which of the following best describes this relationship?

A positive correlation

What is the best way to ensure that results of a study are generalizable to a population?

By using a random selection of people in that population

Synesthesia is a phenomenon that has been estimated to occur in only a few people in a million. Because of its rarity, researchers are likely to choose which research method to study it?

Case study

There is a strong positive correlation between ice cream sales and instances of snakebites. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this correlation?

Hot weather is related to both ice cream sales and snake activity.

Which of the following statements describes the placebo effect?

It can be brought about by the indvidual's expectations

In their discussions of the process of development, the advocates of nature in the nature-nurture controversy emphasize which of the following?

Maturation

gestalt psychology os concerned primarily with understanding which of the following?

Perception

The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches?

Psychodynamic

A psychologist gives the same test to a class of students at the start of the day and again at the end of the school day The extent to which test scores are similar across the two administrations demonstrates which of the following test properties?

Reliability

All of the following are APA ethical guidelines for resarchers EXCEPT

Research may not involve deception

Data Set A 3 4 6 12 16 17 19 Data Set B 16 17 18 18 18 19 20 Using these data sets, which of the following statements is true?

Set B has a smaller standard deviation than Set A

Which of the following studies has had the most profound impact on ethical issues in psychological research?

Stanley Miligram's study of obedience

A psyhological researcher designs a study to determine whetehr psoitbve feedback affects self-esteem. The researcher requires each participant to toss 20 coins into a coffee can that is 3 ft away. Half o the participants are told that their performance is superior, and the other half are told that their performance is well below average. Although some of the participants want to quit tossing coins after a few attempts, they are told that once they begin the study that have to complete it. After coin toss, participants take self-esteej test. After test, particpants are debriefed and told that information about their performance was false. Results of the study indicate that participants who are told their performance is well below average report lower levels of self esteem than do those who are told their performance is superior Which of the following elements constitutes the independent variable in the study?

The feedback about relative performance in coin tossing

A test with normally distributed results was returned to a class of 100 students. Later, the teacher realized an error was made and added 10 points to each student's score. Which of the following must have changed as a result of the increase in scores?

The mode

An instructor conducted an experiment to determine the effects of two different methods of study on the amount students learned in introductory physics. The results showed that the average amount learned by the group using method was greater than the average amount learned by the group using the other. However the difference was not statistically significant. Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion to be drawn?

There is a possibility that the difference between the two occurred by chance

When is it permissible for a psychologist to share a client's test scores with another person?

When the client provides written permission to share results.

A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety. Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone. In the study cell phone use can be described as

an independent variable

Ethical principles developed by the APA help ensure that human participants in psychological research

are protected from physical and psychological harm

Of the following, a behavioral psychologist is most likely to study the

effects of token economies on establishing social skills among children with emotional disturbances

The most important reason to use operational definitions in psychological research is it

helps everyone involved with the research understand and collect data in the same manner.

In which of the following types of research are the same children tested periodically at different points in their development?

longitudinal

In a recent report, a developmental psychologist who studied peer pressure in middle schools obtained data from a large, representative sample of adolescents across the United States. This research most likely involved a

survey

cognitive psychologists are likely to study

the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving

Profesor Ahad has 43 students in section 1 of the psychology classes she teaches and 52 students in section 2. Section 1 meets at 8 am and section 2 meets at 1 pm. Professor Ahad gives all of her students the same final exam, and those in section two score significantly higher than those in section 2 ]. The biggest problem with Professor Ahad's conclusion is that

the time of day is a confounding variable in this scenario.

In an experiment designed to determine whether watching violent scenes on TV increases the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group saw a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive behavior. The control group in that experiment is the group that

watched the nonviolent cartoon