AP Psych Unit 3b

The region of your cerebral cortex that enables you to recognize a person as your own mother is

An association area

Which brain area is primarily involved with reading aloud?

Angular gyrus

Someone who has difficulty speaking after a stroke is suffering from which of the following?

Aphasia

While mapping the motor cortex, researchers Foerster and Penfield found that

Body areas requiring the greatest control occupied the greatest amount of cortical space

A person whose hand had been amputated actually felt sensations on his nonexistent fingers when his face was stroked. This best illustrates the consequences of

Brain plasticity

If a blind person uses one finger to read Braille, the brain area dedicated to that finger expands as the sense of touch invades the visual cortex. This is an example of

Brain plasticity

In which brain structure are nerves from the left side of the brain routed to the right side of the body?

Brainstem

The medulla is to the control of ____ as the cerebellum is to the control of ____

Breathing/walking

Which brain area is primarily involved with controlling speech?

Broca's Area

The "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the

Cerebellum

The association areas are located in the

Cerebral cortex

What is the interdisciplinary study of how brain activity is linked with our mental processes called?

Cognitive neuroscientist

Which kind of psychological researcher would be most interested in the research question, " Do people who lose most of their cerebral cortex in an accident still exhibit signs of consciousness?"

Cognitive neuroscientist

Someone skilled at word processing thinks several letters ahead while typing, whereas a beginner must focus on one letter at a time. A novice is most likely using ___ to complete the task.

Conscious serial processing

Teaching a patient to regain the use of an impaired limb by limiting his or her use of the good limb is called

Constraint-induced therapy

Split-brain patients have had their ________ surgically cut.

Corpus Callosum

Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the

Corpus callosum

Animal research has revealed a general reward system that triggers the release of the neurotransmitter

Dopamine

In a recent car accident, Tamiko sustained damage to his right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Tamiko's ability to

Facially express emotions

In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosiondrove an iron rod through his head. The once friendly, soft-spoken Gage became irritable and dishonest. Gage's case provided evidence that which regions of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior?

Frontal lobes

Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE·ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked, patients said they saw

HE

Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories?

Hippocampus

The secretions of the pituitary gland are most directly regulated by the

Hypothalamus

Thinking about sex can stimulate a region of the limbic system to secrete hormones. These hormones trigger the pituitary gland to influence hormones released by other glands in the body. Which brain region influences the endocrine system?

Hypothalamus

Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to

Lapse into a coma

The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain is called

Lateralization

Someone trying to add a long series of three digit numbers is probably experiencing increased brain waves and bloodflow to which brain structure?

Left hemisphere

Surgical destruction of brain tissue is called a(n)

Lesion

The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n)

MRI

Physical exercise and exposure to stimulating environments are most likely to promote

Neurogenesis

After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty

Playing his guitar

Which of the following techniques would surgeons use in mapping the areas of the brain responsible for specific activities, such as movement or speech?

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Deaf people who use sign language typically

Process language in their left cerebral hemisphere.

One function of the glial cells is to

Provide nutrients to interneurons

A picture of a cat is briefly flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is briefly flashed in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. The individual will be able to use her

Right hand to indicate she saw a mouse

Which brain structure might me most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect?"

Right hemisphere

French psychiatrist Joseph Capgras described a patient who reported that imposters had replaced her husband, children, and herself. Her inability to recognize the faces of her close family members or herself suggests that the

Right hemisphere of her brain was damaged

The parietal lobes are to ___ as the occipital lobes are to___

Sensing touch/seeing

Research into dual processing provides partial evidence for levels of consciousness similar to the levels first described by which psychologist?

Sigmund Freud

When the cat's amygdala is electrically stimulated the cat prepares to attack by hissing and arching its back. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated by such stimulation?

Sympathetic

The auditory hallucinations experienced by people with schizophrenia are most closely linked with the activation of areas in which brain area?

Temporal lobes

Your ability to experience the physical pleasure of a hot shower is most likely to be disrupted by damage to your

Thalamus

Researchers use dichotic listening tasks to investigate right-left differences in an intact brain. In this task a different verbal stimulus is presented simultaneously to each ear. Findings suggest that participants more quickly recall info heard by the right ear. This suggests that...

The left hemisphere is dominant in language processing

A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split-brain patient. At the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. In identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to

Verbally report that she saw a boy

The surgical removal of a large tumor from Dane's occipital lobe resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. Dane is most likely to suffer some loss of

Visual perception

Which brain area is primarily involved with understanding and producing meaningful speech?

Wernicke's Area

When asked to describe a picture that showed two boys stealing cookies behind a woman's back, a patient replied, "Mother is away her working her work to get her better, but when she's looking the two boys looking the other part." Which brain region has most likely been damaged?

Wernike's area

In creating more effective treatments for pain, researchers would use which of the following techniques for identifying regions of the brain that handle pain?

functional MRI (fMRI)

Research on left-handedness suggests that

genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness

Consciousness is

our awareness of ourselves and our environment