Ap psych

)the minimum amount of stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus 50 percent of the time is called the

Absolute threshold

If jim decided to take morphine, an opiate drug, to help ease the pain caused by his troubled family and peer relationships, this drug would make him feel better by

Acting as an endorphin agonist

information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by

Afferent neurons

Morgan made the fundamental attribution error in explaining her students' poor performance on their geography exam when she said which of the following..

"The students just do not care enough about their grades"

What is the independent variable in the study

, type of television program viewed

Which of the following correlation coefficients show the strongest relationship

-.85 or +.85, whatever is closest to 1.00

If the variance of a set of scores is 100, the standard deviation will be

10

On the test w/ normally distributed results, the mean score of a class of 100 is 80 and standard deviation is 10. Professor added 5 points back, the new standard deviation is..

10, stays the same because all the test are equally distributed

)the visual transduction process begins in this area that houses the photoreceptors

5

Test scores are normally distributed. The mean is 50 and Standard Deviation is 5. Johanna scored 55, which is better than what percent of the others

84%

excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters attach to the ends of this neural input system

A

A person displays a set of rare behaviors that psychologist had never know about.. Best strategy to investigate the nature of behavior is..

A case study

Kristin sees 40 year old man fall. According to which would she not help..

A large crowd

Dr.P wakes up one morning and cannot tell the difference between his wifes face and his hat, in fact he attempts to put his "hat" on before his morning walk and is subsequently met by distressed dries from his wife as he tugs at her face. Dr P has had a stroke and the visual perception disturbance he is experiencing is called:

Agnosia

decibel level and brightness/intensity are to __ as hue and pitch are to __

Amplitude; frequency

due to an automobile accident, jenny suffered damage to her cerebral cortex in broca's area. Jenny is most likely to experience:

Aphasia

which of the following correctly pairs subdivisions within the major divisions of the human nervous system?

Autonomic...sympathetic and parasympathetic

most forms of agnosia come from this area that houses the primary visual cortex

B

Andy and Noel have been married for 25 years. They have a warm, trusting relationship. Which theory applies..

Companionate love

This area houses the synaptic vesicles where the neurotransmitters are stored

D

which letter indicates the reuptake transporter that helps with the recycling process of unused neurotransmitters?

D

which of the following illustrates the correct sequence of neural firing?

Depolarization, action potential, repolarization, and hyperpolarization

which neurotransmitter plays a strong role in learning by rewarding motivated survival activities, but is alo implicated in drug abuse and addictive behavior

Dopamine

drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin will thereby increase the concentration of serotonin molecules in the:

Synaptic gap

damage to this area would result in problems with voluntary muscle movement

E

A problem with this area would result in issues with speaking coherently or understanding speech-"word salad"

G

The limbic system is most closely associated with

Emotions

American Psychological Association has developed ethical principles for research.. Which illustrates one of the principles

Explain the Ethics to participants during debriefing

This area of the brain is responsible for motivated survival functions and also controls the master endocrine gland

F

Chuck is walking down the street and someone asks him to sign a petition to put cleanair legislation on the next ballot. He decides to sign. THen the person asks if he wants to donate. This theory is called..

Foot-In-the door

which of the following statements concerning sleep is valid?

Individuals do not typically act out their dreams

)The ability to see the triangle in picture A below is best explained by which of the following?

Gestalt principles of closure and continuity

Split brain patients had this area of the brain lesioned to disrupt communication between the hemispheres as a way to control epileptic seizures.

H

Which letter indicates the location of the synaptic cleft?

H

according to evolutionary theory, which of the following regions is the 'oldest'?

Hindbrain

which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the formation of new explicit memories?

Hippocampus

which of the following research findings supports a strong biological basis for behavior?

Identical twins who are reared apart have similar levels of intelligence

When watching the olympics, most people cheer for the people of their country. What psychological concept...

In-group Bias

mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well being at the end of each exercise session. The best explanation for mary's perseverance in the program is that exercise

Increases her level of endorphins

. A research psychologist first quantifies and the generalizes the results of an experiment on a sample to an entire population. This is an example of

Inferential statistics

a person accidentally touches a hand to a hot stove and quickly pulls the hand away, even before sensory information about the hot stove reaches the brain. The person's reaction is most directly enabled by __ located in the __

Interneurons;spinal cord

Which of the following is a strength of naturalistic observation..

It minimizes artificiality, which can be a problem in lab studies

The mean of a skewed distribution of scores is always

Larger or smaller than the median

Experimental research differs from correlational research in that experimental research..

May reveal a causal relation

your life would be most immediately threatened if which area of the brain were damaged?

Medulla

George sat next to Kiki in biology class everyday, eventually George becomes quite fond of Kiki

Mere-Exposure Effect

direct stimulation of the motor cortex would be most likely to result in:

Movement of the mouth and lips

Acetylcholine is to estrogen as __ is to __

Neurotransmitter; hormone

What phenomenon was demonstrated when participants in Stanley Milgram's experiment chose the highest possible level of voltage charge to the learners

Obedience

A person who has a brain injury is having difficulty seeing and hearing. These symptoms indicate that damage has occured in the

Occipital and temporal lobes.

in order to identify which of hope's brain areas was most active when she opened and closed her mouth, neuroscientists gave her a temporarily radioactive form of glucose and a(n):

PET scan

people who live in environment with buildings with square corners and right angles are more susceptible to the Muller-lyer illusion than are people who live in environments without such angles and corners. The difference in perception between the two groups of people reveals that

People develop perceptions based on experiences in their lives

joseph has blue eyes and brown hair and is tall. These observable characteristics are best described as

Phenotypic traits

which master endocrine gland, controlled by the hypothalamus, regulates the production of the growth hormone?

Pituitary

the discovery that high pitched sounds trigger large vibrations near the beginning of the basilar membrane supports the __ theory

Place

after terry lost a finger in an industrial accident, the area of his sensory cortex devoted to receiving input from that finger gradually became very responsive to sensory input from his adjacent fingers, this best illustrates:

Plasticity

In experiment with Solomon Asch, tendency of groups to conform was reduced most by which

Presence of a single dissenter

Statistical significance is used to refer to research when outcome of test indicates that

Probability of results occurring by chance is less than 5%

Which of the following procedures is intended to control for preexisting differences between the groups of participants in an experiment.

Random assignment

Of the following, an evolutionary psychologist will most likely investigate

Reasons why many people have an innate fear of the dark

In the figure below, a patient was asked to draw a slash through each circle. The pattern of responses suggests that the patient has most likely experiences damage in which of the following areas? (slashes are on all the circles on the right side of the page)

Right hemisphere

Jonathan practice for a speech competition. Although his performance was average, Jonathan won a gold medal due to a large crowd of attendees.

Social Facilitation

what happens during the depolarization phase of neural firing?

Sodium floods in the cell, changing the charge from negative to positive

What is the correct chronological order of the following perspectives of psychology, from past to present

Structuralism, Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism and Humanism

Professor noticed that the distribution of students scores on the last test had an extremely small standard deviation... this indicates..

Students scores tended to be very similar to one another

which part of the nervous system is most immediately activated by sudden fear?

Sympathetic

your brother has been taking prescription medicine and experiencing a number of unpleasant side effects, including unusually rapid heartbeat and excessive perspiration. It is likely that the medicine is exaggerating activity in the:

Sympathetic nervous system.

Lynnae is usually timid and fearful, whereas her sister Eileen is typically relaxed and cheerful. The two sisters are most strikingly different in:

Temperament

Confounding Variable

The aggression levels in the kids were not measures before hand

Which of the following brain structures is most associated with the emotion of fear?

The amygdala

Which of the following is true of a neuron in the resting state?

The inside of the cell membrane is negative compared to the outside.

An instructor conducted an experiment to determine the effects of two different methods of study on the amount students learned in introductory physics. The results showed that the average amount learned by the group using one method was greater than the average amount learned by the group using the other method. However, the difference was not statistically significant, Which of the following is the best conclusion

There is a possibility that the difference between the two groups occurred by chance

)heritability refers to the extent to which

Trait differences among a group of people are attributable to genetic variation

A research group involved with advertising is conducting a study to investigate whether shoppers are more likely to engage in impulse buying at the checkout than at any other places in the store. For the results to be generalized, researches should...

Use a representative sample

sally says her dream about going to the circus is just her brain attempting to make sense of the random stimulation from the brain stem. Sally's explanation is consistent with which of the following theories of dreaming?

activation-synthesis

Which of the following is always true regarding a normal curve

all three measures of central tendency are the same.

procedural memory

allowed her to drive the car without lots of thought on how to do it

retinal disparity

binocular depth cues- different images from each eye, made it possible for her to know the distance from the guardrail and other cars

Which of the following approaches would be best for testing the hypothesis that certain odors causes people to gamble more..

experimental

motor neurons

helped her drive to cali and move her arms and hands and feet to drive sending signals to muscles

circadian rhythm

her clock in her body helped her get through different time zones but the clock in the real world caused her to be drowsy and tired from being awake and driving so it influenced her accident

What is the dependent variable

incidences of aggressive behaviors

conditioned response

now that she got in the accident she will have a conditioned response to be afraid of guardrails

the notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desirers is most consistent with which psychological approaches

psychodynamic

In order to verify the reliability of a new scientific finding, psychological researchers are most likely to use the operationally defined variables from the original study to engage in the process of...

replication

inattention blindness

she gave attention to one thing , her phone, and not the driving which caused her to get in the crash

heuristics

shortcut to problem solving, helped her make a quick decision based on her past experiences her brain knew the right thing to do to not repeat something in the past

One way to reduce intergroup conflict is

superordinate goals

Katie is trying to explain to her parents why they should allow her to attend State Unvi. She presents them with information about it. Katie is using...

the central route to persuasion

While reviewing scores for a chapter test, a teacher discovered that the mean score was higher than the median. Which is true..

the distribution of the scores is positively skewed

The results of Stanley Milgrams study of obidence suggested that.

two-thirds of people will obey perceived authority figures