AP Psychology - Chapter 2 - I think

Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE ART on a screen. HE appeared on the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked, patients said they saw: HE ART HEART EA nothing. They were unable to complete the task

ART

After a car swerves in front of you on the highway, you notice that your heart is still racing even though you know you are no longer in danger. Why do the physical symptoms of fear linger even after we cognitively realize the danger has passed? a) dopamine controls fear, and this chemical takes a certain amount of time to break down in your system b) Endocrine messages tend to outlast the effects of neural messages c) Excitatory neurotransmitter travel faster than inhibitory neurotransmitter d) The parasympathetic nervous system is less effective than the sympathetic nervous system e) The adrenal glands tend to act more quickly than the rest of the endocrine systems

Excitatory neurotransmitter travel faster than inhibitory neurotransmitter

Which lobes of the brain receive the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back? parietal temporal occipital frontal cerebral

Parietal

After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty: experiencing intense emotions reading printed words understanding what others are saying tasting the flavors of foods playing his guitar

Playing his guitar

Which of the following techniques would surgeons use in mapping the areas of the brain responsible for specific activities, such as movement or speech? magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) computed tomography (CT) electroencephalogram (EEG) Positron emission tomography (PET) lesion

Positron emission tomography (PET)

When asked to describe a picture that showed two boys stealing cookies behind a woman's back, a patient replied, "Mother is away her working her work to get better, but when she's looking the two boys looking the other part." Which brain legion has most likely been damaged? A. Broca's area B. angular gyrus C. corpus callosum D. Wernicke's area E. parietal lobes

Wernicke's area

Alzheimer's disease is most closely linked to the deterioration of neurons that produce a. endorphins. b. epinephrine. c. dopamine. d. acetylcholine. e. glutamate.

acetylcholine

some opiate drugs have molecular structures so similar that they mimic endorphin's euphoric effects in the brain, making these opiate drugs which kind of molecule? agonists antagonist endorphins endocrines antonomics

agonists

The region of your cerebral cortex that enables you to recognize a person as your own mother is A) Wernicke's area. B) the limbic system. C) the angular gyrus. D) Broca's area. E) an association area.

an association area.

A person with schizophrenia may have an overactive dopamine system. Drugs used to treat this disorder prevent the action of dopamine by keeping it from binding to its receptors. These drugs are A) agonists B) somatic C) sympathetic D) antagonists E) selectively permeable

antagonists

The sequence of brain regions from the evolutionarily oldest to newest is A) limbic system; brainstem; cerebral cortex. B) brainstem; cerebral cortex; limbic system. C) limbic system; cerebral cortex; brainstem. D) brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex. E) cerebral cortex; brainstem; limbic system.

brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex.

Ellen volunteers during her AP psychology class to try to balance a yardstick on her two fingers. While her eyes are open, she finds the task quite easy. However, when she closes her eyes, she finds the same task almost impossible. Which brain region relies on visual information in coordinating our voluntary movements? hypothalamus reticular formation thalamus amygdala cerebellum

cerebellum

Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the a. medulla b. corpus callosum c. angular gyrus d. limbic system e. reticular formation

corpus callosum

in transmitting sensory info to the brain, an electrical signal travels from the ---------- of a single neuron: cell body to the dendrites dendrites to the axon to the cell body axon to the cell body to the dendrites dendrites to the cell body to the axon axon to the dendrites to the cell body

dendrites to the cell body to the axon

An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to: Alzheimer's disease schizophrenia Parkinson's disease depression euphoria

depression

Schizophrenia is most closely linked with excess receptor activity for the neurotransmitter: dopamine epinephrine acetylcholine serotonin GABA

dopamine

The tremors of Parkinson's disease result from the death of nerve cells that produces the neurotransmitter: serotonin ACh GABA dopamine acetylcholine

dopamine

Jose has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. his lack of pain is most likely cause by the release of: glutamate dopamine acetylcholin endorphins insulin

endorphins

Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce: a. Alzheimer's disease. b. epileptic seizures. c. neural plasticity. d. reward deficiency syndrome. e. depression

epileptic seizures.

If a professor accused you of cheating on a test, your adrenal glands would probably release ________ into your bloodstream: endorphins acetylcholine seratonin epinephrine insulin

epinephrine

n a recent car accident, Tamiko sustained damage to his right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Tamiko's ability to: facially express emotions solve arithmetic problems understand simple verbal requests process information in an orderly sequence control his aggression

facially express emotions

In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head. The once friendly, soft-spoken Gage became irritable and dishonest. Gage's case provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior? A. temporal lobes B. sensory cortex C. frontal lobes D. parietal lobes E. Broca's area

frontal lobe

In creating more effective treatments for pain, researchers would use what technique for identifying regions of the brain that handle pain now? magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) computed tomography (CT) electroencephalogram (EEG) functional MRI (fMRI) lesion

functional MRI (fMRI)

Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories? A) hypothalamus B) thalamus C) hippocampus D) medulla E) cerebellum

hippocampus

The auditory hallucinations experienced by people with schizophrenia are most closely linked with the activation of areas in their motor cortex. amygdala. temporal lobes. hypothalamus. sensory cortex.

hypothalamus.

In 1861, Paul Broca studied a stroke patient he called "Tan." He was called this because as a result of brain damage it was the only word he could pronounce. Based on Broca's early work, which of the following brain regions is involved in speech production? angular gyrus left temporal lobe sensory cortex left frontal lobe auditory cortext

left frontal lobe

If professor Kosiba lesions the amygdala of a laboratory rat, the rat will most likely become: hungry sexually aroused physically uncoordinated less aggressive aphasib

less aggressive

Addictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward centers in the: thalamus cerebellum reticular formation limbic system angular gyrus

limbic system

your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the: amygdala hippocampus angular gyrus corpus callosum medulla

medulla

To trigger a person's hand to make a fist, Jose Delgado stimulated the individual's: motor cortex hypothalamus sensory cortex reticular formation limbic system

motor cortex

For you to be able to run, --- must relay messages from your central nervous system to your leg muscles: interneurons agonists motor neurons sensory neurons the autonomic nervous system

motor neurons

A football quarterback can simultaneously make calculations of receiver distances, player movements, and gravitational forces. This best illustrates the activity of multiple: endocrine glands endorphin agonists neural networks endorphin antagonist thresholds

neural networks

While relaxing in a lawn chair enjoying a cool drink, which of the following triggers the "rest-and-digest" response, as your heart rate slows and digestion begins? sympathetic nervous system limbic system somatic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system motor cortext

parasympathetic nervous system

At age 22, Mrs Lablanc was less than 4 feet tall. Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the: pancreas thyroid adrenal gland pituitary gland myelin

pituitary gland

When Stoyka was a child, a brain disease required the surgical removal of her left hemisphere. Stoyka is now a successful college student who lives a normal life. Her success best illustrates the importance of: aphasia reuptake phrenology tomography plasticity

plasticity

which region of your brainstem plays a role in arousing you to a state of alertness when someone nearby mentions your name: reticular formation cerebellum hypothalamus amygdala medulla

reticular formation

A picture of a cat is briefly flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is briefly flashed in the right visual field of a split brain patient. The individual will be able to use her: right hand to indicate she saw a cat left hand to indicate she saw a mouse right hand to indicate she saw a mouse left or right hand to indicate she saw a cat left or githt hand to indiate she saw a mouse

right hand to indicate she saw a mouse.

A patient who suffered a stroke says that she no longer recognizes herself in the mirror. Which brain structure was likely damaged in the stroke? occipital lobes temporal lobes left hemisphere right hemisphere reticular formation

right hemisphere

as you are reading this question, the cells in your eyes are firing in response to the light coming from this paper. Which type of neuron is carrying this message to the brain? interneuron sensory presynaptic motor efferent

sensory

For you to experience the pain of a sprained ankle, ________ must first relay messages from your ankle to your central nervous system. A. endocrines B. interneurons C. glands D. motor neurons E. sensory neurons

sensory neurons

When Mr. Valdez thought his 1-year-old daughter had fallen down the stairs, his heartbeat accelerated, his blood pressure rose, and he began to perspire heavily. Mr. Valdez's state of arousal was activated by his ________ nervous system: parasympathitic sympathetic somatic sensorimotor cenrtral

sympathetic

When the cat's amygdala is electrically stimulated the cat prepares to attack by hissing and arching its back. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated by such stimulation? somatic parasympathetic central sympathetic sensorimotor

sympathetic

While you are hiking in the mountains, a rattlesnake slithers across your trail. Which of the following triggers the "fight or flight" response, increasing your heart rate and blood pressure, as you run away? a. somatic nervous system b. sympathetic nervous system c. motor cortex d. limbic system e. parasympathetic nervous system

sympathetic nervous system

Psychoactive drugs interfere with normal neural transmission, where does this interference take place? axon cell body myelin sheath synapse hormones

synapse

Your ability to experience the physical pleasure of a hot shower is most likely to be disrupted by damage to your a. corpus callosum b. angular gyrus c. hippocampus d. amygdala e. thalamus

thalamus

A stroke patient can recognize the sound of his wife's voice but cannot recognize the sound of his wife's voice but cannot recognize her face when she stands next to him. Which brain region has most likely been damaged? A. the visual cortex in the occipital lobe B. the underside of the right temporal lobe C. Wernicke's area in the left temporal lobe D. the hippocampus in the limbic system E. the reticular formation in the brain stem

the underside of the right temporal lobe

A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split-brain patient. at the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. in identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to: a) use her left hand to on to a picture of a dog b) verbally report that she saw a dog c) use her right hand to point to a picture of a boy d) verbally report that she saw a boy e) communicate that she saw a picture of a boy with a dog

verbally report that she saw a boy

The surgical removal of a large tumor from Danes occipital lobe resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. Dane is most likely to suffer loss of: muscular coordination language comprehension visual perception speaking ability pain sensations

visual perception

Sheelah was able to jerk her hand out of the scalding water before sensing any pain because this withdrawal reflex: a) was activated by interneurons in her spinal cord b) did not involve activity in her central nervous system c) was activated by the rapidly responding brain d) was activated by her self-regulating autonomic nervous system. e) was controlled by both her nervous system and impulses from her endoctrine system

was activated by interneurons in her spinal cord

Prozac, a drug commonly prescribed to treat depression, prevents the sending neuron from taking in excess serotonin. Which process does this drug prevent from taking place? a. depolarization b. reuptake c. the all-or-none response d. an action potential e. a refractory period

reuptake