AP World 1750-1900
The Berlin Conference is most closely associated with the colonization of... 1. South Asia 2. East Asia 3. Latin America 4. Africa
Africa
What was a major reason European nations competed for control of Africa? 1. Africa had a wealth of natural resources 2. slave labor was needed in the Americas 3. African nations offered religious and political freedom 4. Europeans needed land for their excess populations
Africa had a wealth of natural resources
A historian researching the effects of Christian missionaries' activities on local social structures in late-nineteenth-century Africa would probably find which of the following sources most useful? 1. African accounts of converting to Christianity 2. fundraising speeches givenin Europe by supporters of missionary efforts 3. data on the number of missionaries going to Africa 4. recruitment advertisements for missionaries in church newsletters in Europe
African accounts of converting to Christianity
Which statement represents a key idea directly associated with John Locke's Two Treatises of Government? 1. Individuals acting in their own self-interest will achieve economic success. 2. Freedom of speech should be denied. 3. All people are born with the right to life, liberty, and property. 4. The king's power on Earth comes from God
All people are born with the right to life, liberty, and property.
The struggles for political independence in Latin America during the early 1800s were most directly influenced by the... 1. Berlin Conference 2. doctrine of liberation theology 3. American and French revolutions 4. writings of Count Camillo di Cavour
American and French revolutions
Which of the following best characterizes Western imperialist expansion in the late nineteenth century? 1. Western fears of the spread of Japanese influence 2. Western investment to create self-sufficient economies in the new colonies 3. An unprecedented amount of territory colonized in a short period of time 4. The establishment of political institutions to resolve ethnic and religious conflicts within colonies 5. The decline of British and United States influence in international affairs
An unprecedented amount of territory colonized in a short period of time
Which mountains were an obstacle to Simon Bolivar's efforts to unify Gran Colombia? 1. Alps 2. Andes 3. Zagros 4. Urals
Andes
Which country is located in the region known as Latin America? 1. Portugal 2. Somalia 3. Vietnam 4. Argentina
Argentina
Which of the following most directly explains the importance of improved agricultural productivity to the industrialization of economic production in western Europe in the period 1750-1900 ? 1. Because the nutritional quality of food greatly improved, more people were able to sustain the long working hours that factory labor required. 2. Because less labor was needed on farms, more people moved to urban areas to work in factories. 3. Because farmers needed less land to produce the same amount of food, they could build textile factories on the excess land. 4. Because greater quantities of food could be sold at higher prices, governments could tax farmers at higher rates and use those revenues to build factories.
Because less labor was needed on farms, more people moved to urban areas to work in factories.
The industrialization of Great Britain's economy in the mid-eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries is most directly explained by which of the following? 1. Britain had large reserves of petroleum. 2. British scientists were the first to discover electricity. 3. Britain had large reserves of coal. 4. British engineers developed new methods of producing cheaper steel.
Britain had large reserves of coal.
A. Toussaint L'Ouverture declares Haiti independent B. Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen is written in France C. The 13 colonies gain independence from Britain D. Simon Bolivar frees Colombia from Spanish rule What is the correct chronological order of these events? 1. ABDC 2. CBAD 3. ADCB 4. DCBA
CBAD
Which of the following statements is true of Latin American independence movements in the nineteenth century? 1. Slaves led a majority of the armed revolts. 2. Creole elites led most revolts against colonial rule. 3. The United States provided military and financial support to all the revolts. 4. The revolts led to the elimination of racial discrimination throughout Latin America.
Creole elites led most revolts against colonial rule.
Which of the following was the key factor in the start of Latin American independence? 1. Slave uprisings 2. Creole grievances about their lack of political authority 3. The end of the Napoleonic Wars 4. Enlightenment ideas about religious tolerance
Creole grievances about their lack of political authority
Which of the following facilitated European expansion in Asia in the nineteenth century? 1. The popularity of democratic values among Asians 2. A general easing of tensions and cooperative expeditions among European powers 3. Europe's development of new military technologies 4. Asians' lack of resistance to European diseases 5. Europe's ability to send numerically superior armies to Asia
Europe's development of new military technologies
The theory of Social Darwinism was sometimes used to justify... 1. the establishment of communist countries in Asia 2. Latin American revolutions in the early 19th century 3. the independence movement in India 4. European imperialism in the late 19th century
European imperialism in the late 19th century
Which of the following European developments is most closely associated with the revolution in Haiti? 1. The Protestant Reformation 2. The Russian Revolution 3. The French Revolution 4. The Industrial Revolution
French Revolution
The first successful revolution in the Caribbean and South America was launched in 1. Haiti 2. Argentina 3. Cuba 4. Columbia 5. Jamaica
Haiti
Which writer opposed political absolutism? 1. Niccolo Machiavelli 2. James I 3. Jacques-Benigne Bossuet 4. John Locke
John Locke
Toussaint L'Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, and Jose de San Martin led independence movements in... 1. the Middle East 2. Western Africa 3. South Asia 4. Latin America
Latin America
Which list of French leaders is in the correct chronological order? 1. Louis XVI - Napoleon - Robespierre 2. Robespierre - Napoleon - Louis XVI 3. Louis XVI - Robespierre - Napoleon 4. Napoleon - Louis XVI - Robespierre
Louis XVI - Robespierre - Napoleon
Which of these events related to the French Revolution occured first? 1. Napoleon became emperor of France 2. The Declaration of Rights of Man was issued 3. Louis XVI called the Estates General into session 4. The Committee of Public Safety led the Reign of Terror
Louis XVI called the Estates General into session
What was one effect of Latin American revolutions of the 19th century? 1. democracy became the dominant political system in Latin America 2. European colonization replaced the independent governments of Latin America 3. Many Latin American countries gained independence 4. countries in Latin America deported most people with European ancestry
Many Latin American countries gained independence
With which event are Porfirio Diaz, Francisco Pancho Villa, and Emilliano Zapata associated... 1. Conquest of the Incas 2. Argentinian Dirty War 3. Mexican Revolution 4. Haitian coup d'etat
Mexican Revolution
The North and South American independence movements of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries shared which of the following? 1. Revolutionary demands based on Enlightenment political ideas 2. Reliance on Christian teachings to define revolutionary demands 3. Industrial economies that permitted both areas to break free of European control 4. Political instability caused by constant warfare among the new states
Revolutionary demands based on Enlightenment political ideas
"Eight hours' daily labour is enough for any human being, and under proper arrangements sufficient to afford an ample supply of food, raiment and shelter, or the necessaries and comforts of life, and for the remainder of his time, every person is entitled to education, recreation and sleep." Robert Owen, British factory owner and reformer, 1833 The excerpt above emphasizes which of the following solutions to the exploitation of industrial laborers? 1. Radical changes to the socioeconomic structure of Europe 2. Abolition of the factory system and industrial wage labor 3. Free food, housing, and other necessities for factory workers 4. Sufficient wages for factory workers to live full, comfortable lives
Sufficient wages for factory workers to live full, comfortable lives
Which of the following developments in the Western Hemisphere most directly resulted from the French Revolution? 1. The expansion of the slave trade in the Americas 2. The extension of the plantation economy in the Caribbean 3. The colonization of Brazil 4. The British conquest of Quebec 5. The creation of the first independent Black republic in the Americas
The creation of the first independent Black republic in the Americas
Which of the following best explains the general increase in the living standards of industrial workers between 1800 and 1914 ? 1. Deficit-spending policies by governments in major industrial states 2. The implementation of strong protective tariffs 3. The increased supply of inexpensive consumer goods 4. Implementation of utopian socialist ideas in the organization of factory labor
The increased supply of inexpensive consumer goods
In what way did the Haitian Revolution differ from the French Revolution? 1. The French Revolution was inspired by Enlightenment ideas while the Haitian Revolution was not. 2. The Haitian Revolution began because of unfair taxation by the French king. 3. The leaders of the Haitian Revolution came from a different social class than did the leaders of the French Revolution. 4. The leaders of the French Revolution wanted religious freedom while the leaders of the Haitian Revolution wanted equal representation.
The leaders of the Haitian Revolution came from a different social class than did the leaders of the French Revolution.
In what way did the Haitian Revolution differ from the French Revolution? 1. The French Revolution was inspired by Enlightenment ideas while the Haitian Revolution was not. 2. The Haitian Revolution began because of unfair taxation by the French king. 3. The leaders of the Haitian Revolution came from a different social class than did the leaders of the French Revolution. 4. The leaders of the French Revolution wanted religious freedom while the leaders of the Haitian Revolution wanted equal representation.
The leaders of the Haitian Revolution came from a different social class than did the leaders of the French Revolution.
In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Social Darwinists made which of the following arguments? 1. All people should be treated equally. 2. Human evolution had reached the point where competition was no longer necessary. 3. Theories of natural selection could be applied to nations, races, and social classes. 4. Interracial marriage should be encouraged.
Theories of natural selection could be applied to nations, races, and social classes
One important similarity between the American Revolution and the French Revolution is that they both 1. challenged monarchical governments 2. resulted in the abolition of slavery 3. resulted in the abolition of class divisions in society 4. enabled women to achieve political equality with men
challenged monarchical governments
What issue was a cause of the French Revolution? 1. ineffective rule of Napoleon 2. nationalization of the church 3. outrage over the use of the guillotine by the Committee of Public Safety 4. demand of the Third Estate for more political power
demand of the Third Estate for more political power
The ideas of the Enlightenment philosophers were based on 1. efforts to achieve salvation 2. faith in human reason 3. traditional practices 4. the inevability of poverty
faith in human reason
Adoption of which of the following power sources has contributed the most to increasing the energy available to humans? 1. Draft animals 2. Wind power 3. Fossil fuels 4. Nuclear power
fossil fuels
Which factors aided the Russians in defeating Napoleon's troops? 1. naval blockades 2. telegraph systems 3. blitzkrieg tactics 4. harsh climatic conditions
harsh climatic conditions
All of the following contributed to the rise of industrialization in western Europe and North America during the nineteenth century EXCEPT 1. geographic distribution of coal and iron 2. legal protection of private property 3. improved agricultural productivity 4. increased rights for laborers
increased rights for laborers
The French Revolution was a reaction to the... 1. defeat in and humiliation of the Franco-Prussian war 2. influences of and privilege granted to the First and Second Estates 3. increasing confrontations between Catholics and Protestants 4. conflict between competing branches of the French royal family
influences of and privilege granted to the First and Second Estates
Maximilien Robespierre and Jacobins are best known for... 1. instituting the reign of terror 2. protecting freedom of religion 3. supporting the reign of King Louis XVI 4. sending French troops to fight in the American Revolution
instituting the reign of terror
One way in which Toussaint L'Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, and Jose de San Martin are similar is that they all were... 1. supporters of mercantile policies 2. leaders of independence movements 3. democratically elected leaders 4. industrial labor reformers
leader of independence movements
In which way did the geographic diversity of Latin America affect newly independent countries 1. limiting military power of Creoles 2. forcing the Church to gurantee land for them 3. making political unity difficult 4. necessitating a reliance on Spain
making political unity difficult
Otto von Bismarck, Camillo Cavour, and Giuseppe Garibaldi are most associated with... 1. communism 2. liberalism 3. nationalism 4. imperialism
nationalism
Locke and Rousseau, as writers during the Enlightenment, expanded the concept of... 1. total war 2. self-sufficiency 3. natural law 4. divine right
natural law
Which statement best reflects an effect of imperialism in Africa? 1. Land was distributed equally between social classes 2. territorial divisions were primarily established using tribal boundaries 3. natural resources were exploited for the benefit of European powers 4. timbuktu became the center for great learning
natural resources were exploited for the benefit of European powers
By 1830 revolutions in the Atlantic world resulted in which of the following changes? 1. political independence of colonies in both North and South America 2. the emancipation of slaves everywhere in the Atlantic world 3. political and economic domination of the Western Hemisphere by the USA 4. the creation of a politically unified South America
political independence of colonies in both North and South America
The United States Bill of Rights and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen reflect a shared concern for 1. physical elimination of the ruling class 2. confiscation of church property 3. protection of private property 4. preservation of the monarchy 5. establishment of a parliamentary system
protection of private property
During the 1800s, many Latin American countries were characterized by a ... 1. Reliance on cash crops 2. transition to command economies 3. redistribution of land to the peasants 4. withdrawal from the world market
reliance on cash crops
At the Congress of Vienna one of the main goals was to... 1. prevent the spread of Socialism 2. reward Napoleon for his victories in Europe 3. divide lands in the Americas between Spain and Portugal 4. restore monarchs to pre-Napoleonic status
restore monarchs to pre-Napoleonic status
Darwin's theories were interpreted by Social Darwinists to indicate that... 1. select human groups would dominate those less fit 2. European countries were more nationalistic 3. non-White groups were better adapted to tropical climates 4. imperialism went against the theory of natural selection 5. education would lead to equality
select human groups would dominate those less fit
Which statement would Social Darwinists most likely support? 1. universal suffrage is a basic human right 2. political equality strengthens the effectiveness of government 3. stronger groups have the right to rule and control weaker groups 4. public education should be guaranteed to all members of society
stronger groups have the right to rule and control weaker groups
Most world historians would agree that the key to European predominance in the world economy during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was 1. the Industrial Revolution 2. European medical technology 3. Spanish control of New World silver 4. Portuguese naval and firearms technology 5. the Enlightenment
the Industrial Revolution
In what way did the ideas of the Enlightenment influence the French Revolution? 1. superstition and ignorance were promoted 2. the principles of mercantilism were glorified 3. the divine right theory of kings was challenged 4. punishments for criminal acts were rooted in vengeance
the divine right theory of kings was challenged
Which idea became a central belief of the Enlightenment? 1. the use of reason would lead to human progress 2. mathematics could be used to solve all human problems 3. the ancient romans had the best form of government 4. people should give up their natural rights to their ruler
the use of reason would lead to human progress
What was a reason the southern states of Germany were last to join a unified nation 1. they were heavily catholic 2. they were dominated by France 3. they were apart of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire 4. they had originally planned to join Italy
they were apart of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire
the scientific revolution popularized the idea that... 1. understanding is the result of observation and experimentation 2. earth is the center of the solar system 3. church doctrine should be a source o new ideas 4. scientific research should be supervised by political
understanding is the result of observation and experimentation
In the late 1700s, whihc situation in France is considered a cause of the other three? 1. meeting of the Estates general 2. unfair policies of taxation 3. execution of the king 4. storming of the Bastille
unfair policies of taxation
One way in which Robespierre and Napoleon are similar is that they both... 1. were removed from power during the French Revolution 2. adopted ideas from the Congress of Vienna 3. implemented policies of religious tolerance 4. decreased government control of the economy
were removed from power during the French Revolution