AP World Midterm Review Test 3

The integration of natural bodies of water and waterways in the plans for peace most likely shows the influence of which of the following? A. Daoism B. Confucianism C. Zoroastrianism D. Buddhism

A. Daoism

In the period 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E., states in Japan, Korea, and Vietnam had which of the following in common? A. All were culturally influenced by China B. All were conquered by the Mongols C. All rejected both Buddhism and Christianity D. All successfully excluded European merchants

A. All were culturally influenced by China

Based on your knowledge of world history and the image above, which of the following best describe s the development of Buddhism between the time of its origin (9th century) and c. 1450? A. Buddhism was transformed after contact with local beliefs in areas primarily east of India B. Buddhism replaced many local beliefs and it contradicted many C. Buddhism began to adopt many of the practices of Islam, as they both spread though trade networks D. Buddhism replaces many of the major belief systems in India such as Hinduism and Islam

A. Buddhism was transformed after contact with local beliefs in areas primarily east of India

The date presented in the two tables best support which of the following comparative statements about Tang China and Viking England? A. Coinage was seen as a useful means of storing value in both Tang China and Viking England B. Elites in Tang China were less wealthy than elites in Viking England C. Merchants stood at the top of the social hierarchies in both Tang China and Viking England D. Tang coins typically had larger nominal values than coins in Viking England

A. Coinage was seen as a useful means of storing value in both Tang China and Viking England

Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the effects of the spread of Islam on the India Ocean trade? A. It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes B. It led to the disappearance of previously established trade networks C. It led to an expansion of land-based caravan trade but also to a decline of maritime trade D. It led to the first creation of trade links between previously isolated world regions

A. It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes

How did the Silk Road trade affect peasants in China? A. Peasants focused more on producing luxury goods B. Peasants abandoned farming to go into commerce C. Peasants only cultivated crops for subsistence D. Peasants converted to Buddhism in large numbers

A. Peasants focused more on producing luxury goods

The agricultural developments described in the passed contributed most directly to which of the following? A. Population growth and urbanization in southern China B. The development of new forms of coerced labor in East Asia C. Changes in gendered forms of labor in Chinese agriculture D. The increased export of luxury goods from China to the Indian Ocean trade network

A. Population growth and urbanization in southern China

Which of the following is an example of how Chinese inventions stimulated innovations in distant lands? A. The Chinese formula for gunpowder triggered the development of cannons in Europe B. The Chinese invention of movable type was the inspiration for the creation of the worlds' first copy machine in the Islamic world C. The Chinese technique for producing salt by solar evaporation made possible the invention of windmills in Persia D. The Chinese invention of the magnetic compass spurred the Scientific Revolution in Europe

A. The Chinese formula for gunpowder triggered the development of cannons in Europe

Which of the following is an example of the Indianization of Southeast Asia? A. The architectural expression of Hinduism at Angkor Wat B. The use of Arabic script to write the Swahili language C. A bronze Africa lion with Indian designs D. The adoption of Islam as the state religion in Chama

A. The architectural expression of Hinduism at Angkor Wat

Malian Emperor Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 can best be understood in the context of which of the following? A. The expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia B. The development of new transportation technologies C. The diffusion of African culture to the Middle East D. The territorial expansion of West African empires

A. The expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia

Based on the map and your knowledge of world history, which of the following likely encouraged the development of cities such as Chang'an? A. The growth, in volume and extent, of overland trade and commerce B. Improvements in maritime technology, such as the compass and lateen sail C. The spread of Buddhism into East Asia D. Long-distance migration of central Asian peoples

A. The growth, in volume and extent, of overland trade and commerce

Sociologists who study religion have noted that religions that emphasize individual faith will sometimes spread rapidly in societies experiencing disorder and a decline in influence of traditional sources of authority. Which of the following is the clearest of this tendency? A. The spread of Buddhism in China after the end of the Han dynasty B. The spread of Islam along the trans-Saharan trade routes C. The adoption of Buddhism by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka D. The spread of Christianity into northern and western Europe during the early Roman period

A. The spread of Buddhism in China after the end of the Han dynasty

The inscription above most likely had which of the following purposes? A. To record the loss of Turkish social and political traditions B. To establish the mutual economic benefits of the connection between the Turks and Chinese C. To warn against any resistance to the Turkish nobles D. To show preference for Chinese titles and status

A. To record the loss of Turkish social and political traditions

Which of the following best describes the artist's purpose for painting this scene? A. To show an idealized version of the tribute system in which barbarian envoys perform rituals of subordination to the Chinese emperor B. To show how pleasant the relations were between the Chinese and the nomadic states in the north C. To show a realistic version of the tribute system n which barbarian envoys are being dominated by the emperors protective forces D. To create a fantasized tale of horses making their way to China

A. To show an idealized version of the tribute system in which barbarian envoys perform rituals of subordination to the Chinese emperor

The travels of Ibn Battuta across the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia, an Africa in the 14th century demonstrate A. the unifying influence of Islam B. excellent condition of roads in Africa and Asia C. political unity of Africa and Asia D. widespread use of paper money

A. the unifying influence of Islam

Based on your knowledge of world history and the chart above,which of the following best explains the changes in China's population? A. Immigration to China increased due to religious persecution of Buddhists in India and Southeast Asia B. Agricultural output increase as a result of the use of the new crop strains, iron plows, and expanded irrigation C. Less warfare with neighboring states and nomadic peoples also meant fewer causalities in wars and a population increase D. The Confucian emphasis n he importance of family led many Chinese to have more children

B. Agricultural output increase as a result of the use of the new crop strains, iron plows, and expanded irrigation

Which of the following contributed to the mass conversion of people living in the Middle East to Islam by the 8th century? A. Subjects were forced to convert to Islam upon penalty of death B. Conversion to Islam offered many finical and social benefits C. Those who refused to convert to Islam were sold into slavery D. No religious tradition in the Middle East competed with Islam

B. Conversion to Islam offered many finical and social benefits

Which of the following was the most important factor in the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia between c. 1250-1500? A. The religious zeal of Muslim soldiers willing to die to spread Islam B. The activities of Muslim traders and Sufi missionaries C. The relative lack of interest in Isla among Hindus and Buddhists D. Muslim rulers' policy of toleration of all religions practiced in the realms

B. The activities of Muslim traders and Sufi missionaries

Based on your knowledge of world history, the passage above supports which of the following developments? A. The subjugation of women in both Vietnam and Japan as a result of the spread of Chinese Confucianism B. The comparatively extreme subjugation of women in Korea as a result of the spread of Chinese Confucianism C. The economic gains that occurred in China during the Tang dynasty as result of Confucian practices D. The development of Confucian schools for women in China

B. The comparatively extreme subjugation of women in Korea as a result of the spread of Chinese Confucianism

Which of the following was a result of the cross-regional ties created in the expanding Islamic world? A. The disappearance of the Silk Roads as trade shifted to the Mediterranean B. The exchange of agriculture products and practices from one region to another C. The emergence of a new system of slave labor based on plantation crops D. The emphasis on secularism, democracy, and reason in politics and education

B. The exchange of agriculture products and practices from one region to another

Which of the following made possible the Chinese cultivation of the staple crops described in the passage? A. The creation of new forms of governance in China during the Song dynasty B. The intensification of regional trade networks in East and South Asia C. The diffusion of Buddhism into China D. The creation of diasporic trade communities along the Silk Road

B. The intensification of regional trade networks in East and South Asia

Which of the following historical processed is best exemplified by the image above? A. The conflict between secular and religious principles of government B. The spread of universalizing religions beyond their places of origin C. The rejection of universal religions by rulers wishing to protect local religious practices D. The growth of local religion

B. The spread of universalizing religions beyond their places of origin

Abbasside reliance on Persian bureaucrats and the introduction of Confucianism to Japanese political institutions both illustrate which of the following practices? A. The integration of conquered people into existing social and political structures B. The synthesis of foreign political traditions in the formation of new states C. The influence of complex semireligious philosophies D. The diffusion of cultural ideals as trading networks grew in complexity

B. The synthesis of foreign political traditions in the formation of new states

The particular routes and timings of the voyages depicted on the maps best reflect which of the following characteristics of Omani merchants? A. Their Islamic ritual observances, which made travel difficult during the fasting period of Ramadan B. Their advanced knowledge of Indian Ocean currents and monsoon wind patterns C. Their need to avoid the routes traveled b the faster and better-armed Portuguese trading ships D. Their control of the sources of grain needed y Chinese and East African cities

B. Their advanced knowledge of Indian Ocean currents and monsoon wind patterns

Based on your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the purpose of the passage above? A. To encourage Buddhist monks to swear allegiance to the emperor and abandon their monastic lives B. To confiscate the land held by Buddhist monasteries and force monks and nuns to return to a life of normal tax-paying citizens C. To remind the world that Chinese emperors were more powerful than any religious or non-religious figures D. To force Confucian scholars to begin adopting many of the practices of Buddhist monks, including farming and silk-weaving

B. To confiscate the land held by Buddhist monasteries and force monks and nuns to return to a life of normal tax-paying citizens

In contrast to the spread of Buddhism and Christianity, the early spread of Islam A. occurred at a much slower pace B. gave rise to a large empire C. was limited to the immediate vicinity of its birthplace D. was checked by older civilizations that surrounded it

B. gave rise to a large empire

Which of the following best refutes the above inscription? A. The Chinese never actually forced any northern Turkic groups to pay tribute, rather the Chinese paid tribute to them B. Korean nobles were the only ones to abandon their titles for Chinese titles C. A Turkic group known as the Uighurs actually rescued the Tang from a serious internal revolt in the 750s and in return the Uighurs gained a more advantageous position D. The Xiongnu were a group from the north of China who forced the creation of this inscription to warn others about China and allow them to dominate the Chinese emperor's court

C. A Turkic group known as the Uighurs actually rescued the Tang from a serious internal revolt in the 750s and in return the Uighurs gained a more advantageous position

Which of the following accurately describes a characteristic shared by Afro-Eurasian urban centers before 600 C.E.? A. Cities promoted cultural homogeneity B. Cities gained increasing economic independence from hinterland regions C. Cities served as centers of commercial activity D. Cities were generally politically independent of larger political units

C. Cities served as centers of commercial activity

The opinions expressed in the passage above is most consistent with which of the following policies in the late Tang period? A. Ending the equal-field system of distributing land B. Diplomatic contracts with the Muslim states of Central Asia C. Closure and seizure of monasteries and temples D. Reform of the imperial examination system

C. Closure and seizure of monasteries and temples

The ideas expressed in the passage were most strongly influenced by which of the following? A. Buddhism B. Confucianism C. Daoism D. Environmentalism

C. Daoism

The variety of temples shown on the map of Chang'an was most likely the result of which of the following broader processes from 600 to 1450? A. Conquests by nomadic Central Asian groups B. Religious conflict resulting from the An Lushan rebellion C. Diffusion of cultural traditions along the Silk Roads D. Neoconfucian influence on the Tang government

C. Diffusion of cultural traditions along the Silk Roads

A historian of Tang China (613-907 C.E.) would probably find the passage by Liu Zongyuan most useful as a source of information about which of the following? A. Levels of taxation B. The main cause of peasant unrest C. Ideas about governance D. Agricultural techniques

C. Ideas about governance

Which of the following was an important change in Afro-Eurasia from 700 C.E. to 1000 C.E.? A. The Black Death spread along trade routes, reducing populations and disrupting states and empires B. Cotton and silk production replaced gold and salt as the most important commodities exchanged along trans-Saharan trade networks C. Islam expand through military conquest, merchant activity, and missionary efforts D. The Silk Roads ceased to be an important source of trade and cross-cultural exchange

C. Islam expand through military conquest, merchant activity, and missionary efforts

Islam had its roots in which set of religious or philosophical traditions? A. Hinduism, Buddhism, and Manichaeism B. Legalism, Daoism, and Confucianism C. Judaism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism D. Sufism, Sikhism, and Greek rationalism

C. Judaism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism

Which of the following was most responsible for the initial spread of Islam to West Africa? A. Soldiers who fought on behalf of the Abbasid caliphate B. Officials in Sudanese empires C. Merchants on the trans-Saharan routes D. Muslims fleeing persecution of the Iberian peninsula

C. Merchants on the trans-Saharan routes

Which of the following best supports the conclusion that Japan borrowed extensively from Tang and Song China? A. Japan had establish a decentralized power structure under a shogun by the 11th century B. Warriors or samurai gained substantial power and social status in Japan C. Societal relations in Japan were based on Confucian principles of hierarchy D. The Shinto religion continued to exert a strong influence on Japanese culture

C. Societal relations in Japan were based on Confucian principles of hierarchy

Which of the following best describes a difference between the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean trade network from 500-1000 C.E.? A. Transit along the Silk Roads was more dependent on technological innovations, while Indian Ocean transit depended little on new technologies B. The Silk Roads were safer due to the protective political centers, while Indian Ocean routes were often threatened by piracy C. The Silk Roads were largely limited to luxury goods, while Indian Ocean routes could carry bulk goods D. The Silk Roads were much more efficient and cheaper for transit, while shipping costs for Indian Ocean routes were high

C. The Silk Roads were largely limited to luxury while Indian Ocean routes could carry bulk goods

Which f the following highlights an effect of the international trade in silk? A. The decaling price of silk by the 10th century as demand diminished B. The widespread use of silk materials among commoners C. The association of silk with the sacred in Buddhism and Christianity D. The economic decline of China as competitors produced better quality silk

C. The association of silk with the sacred in Buddhism and Christianity

A historian researching the economic history of Eurasia in the period circa 600-1450 C.E. would most likely find the two table useful as a source of information about which of the following? A. The diffusion of cultural traditions along Eurasian trade routes B. The spread of technological innovations across regions in Eurasia C. The geographic extent of the monetization of Eurasian economies D. The extent to which government economic policies in Eurasia in the period 600-1450 C.E. represented a continuity of earlier policies

C. The geographic extent of the monetization of Eurasian economies

Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following could be best inferred about the South and East Asian trading cities on he map? A. They were under the direct political control of Oman B. They had a majority Arab population C. They had Muslim diasporic merchant communities D. They were primarily sources of slave labor for the Omanis

C. They had Muslim diasporic merchant communities

Which of the following conclusions about early Islamic architecture is best support by the 8th century mosque shown above? A. Use of new building materials B. Development of new construction technologies C. Fusion of Mesopotamian and Egyptian architectural styles D. Adoption of some Greco-Roman architectural features

D. Adoption of some Greco-Roman architectural features

Based on the image and passage, as well as you knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the events being depicted? A. The ongoing dominance of China over its neighbors throughout the Han and later dynasties B. Growing trade relations between China and its neighbors C. The divine status of Chinese emperors and the rulers of barbarian kingdoms to the north of China D. Although officially termed "gifts", the Chinese were in fact paying tribute to various nomadic states to the north

D. Although officially termed "gifts", the Chinese were in fact paying tribute to various nomadic states to the north

Based on your knowledge of world history and the passage above, which of the following best describes the connection between the Chinese government and the Buddhist establishment? A. Buddhist temples and monasteries were entirely free from state control B. Buddhism was similar to Islam in the way politics and religion want hand-in-hand C. By the middle of the Tang dynasty all state bureaucrats were first required to become Buddhist monks D. Buddhism was solidly entrenched in Chinese life by the early Tang dynasty, but it never achieved independence from state authorities

D. Buddhism was solidly entrenched in Chinese life by the early Tang dynasty, but it never achieved independence from state authorities

Which of the following developments best explains why many historians argue that the Song dynasty period (960-1279) was pivotal in the development of China as an economic world power? A. The widespread use of gunpowder technology in combat began during the Song period B. The invention of movable-type printing took place during the Song period C. The Neoconfucian synthesis of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism was completed during the Song period D. China's population doubled and Chinese urban centers experienced massive growth during the Song period

D. China's population doubled and Chinese urban centers experienced massive growth during the Song period

As Islam spread between 1200 and 1600, it affected gender relations in which of the following ways? A. Women were no longer allowed to be small-scale traders B. Polygamy became widespread C. Women became fully equal to men in terms of the right to divorce D. Existing local customs regarding marriage and the role of women blended with Islamic models

D. Existing local customs regarding marriage and the role of women blended with Islamic models

The layout of the city shown in the map most clearly reflects which of the following developments of the time period? A. Societies using technological adaptions to deal with changing environments B. Populations increasing as a result of new crops such as Champa rice C. Cities and towns implementing new measures to control the spread of epidemic disease D. Governments building infrastructure to promote economic activity

D. Governments building infrastructure to promote economic activity

The activities of the state described in the passage are consistent with which of the following Song dynasty policies? A. State-sponsored maritime expeditions in the Indian Ocean, such as those led by Zheng He B. Tribute exchanges with Central Asian peoples, such as Mongols C. Revival of traditional Chinese forms of learning, such as Neoconfucianism D. Increasing state investment in economic development, such as improving the Grand Canal

D. Increasing state investment in economic development, such as improving the Grand Canal

Which statement characterizes the networks and webs of exchange that connected different parts of the from 500-1500? A. Competition for control of trade routes sparked numerous wars B. Trade operated as a means of establishing diplomatic relations between states C. Regional trade organizations formed to establish monopolies on certain goods D. Interaction among the major civilizations operated on a relatively equal basis

D. Interaction among the major civilizations operated on a relatively equal basis

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the data in TABLE 1? A. The Tang emperors' legitimacy continued to be challenged in many parts of China, even as their prestige outside China grew B. The great majority of economic transactions in Tang China continued to be carried out through barter C. Long-distance trade resulted in the establishment of new cities and diasporic merchant communities D. Long- distance trade routes were active during the early Tang period , even as most trade in China remained local

D. Long- distance trade routes were active during the early Tang period , even as most trade in China remained local

Which of the following factors contributed the most to Omani traders' ability to undertake the voyages depicted on the maps? A. Innovations in agriculture, such as the qanat and the noria, which allowed the Omani population to increase rapidly B. The spread of Arabic as the language of commerce in the Mediterranean, Red Sea, and western Indian Ocean basins C. The strong backing for the voyages by the Caliphate D. Navigational and maritime innovations such as the astrolabe and lateen sail

D. Navigational and maritime innovations such as the astrolabe and lateen sail

Which of the following best characterizes the networks of exchange in the Americas? A. The isthmus of Panama operated as the center of trade between North and South Americas B. The Incas controlled all long-distance and spread their culture from South to North America C. Networks crisscrossed cultures, creating a hybrid culture the encompassed all of the Americas D. Networks were local, with the most active links within rather than between regions

D. Networks were local, with the most active links within rather than between regions

In the period 600-1450 Africa' Swahili coast was part o which trading system? A. The Atlantic world B. The Silk Roads C. The trans-Saharan trade D. The Indian Ocean network

D. The Indian Ocean network

How might a historian best use this chart? A. To analyze political developments in China during the post classical period B. To analyze demographic changes in the global population during the post classical period C. To evaluate the impact of foreign belief system in China, such as Buddhism D. To better understand the root of China's modern population pressures

D. To better understand the root of China's modern population pressures

Which of the following best describes how a historian might use the image and passage to better understand China during the Tang and Song dynasties? A. To analyze the goods being traded between China and its neighbors B. To evaluate the extent to which the Silk Roads were falling into disuse C. To analyze the political dominance of elites in China D. To evaluate the tribute system in theory versus in reality

D. To evaluate the tribute system in theory versus in reality