AP2 blood vessels and circulation

38) A vein that measures 5 mm would be considered

a medium vein

33) What vessels contain elastic fibers in the walls that are stretched during systole?

arteries

22) These vessels may be continuous or fenestrated.

capillaries

25) Exchange between a blood vessel and the cells that surround it can occur only in

capillaries

23) What structure do RBCs move through single file?

capillary

42) Metabolites exchange by diffusion with tissue cells in which of the following locations?

capillary

15) Venous valves are responsible for

channeling blood toward the heart

4) Capillaries that have a complete lining are called

continuous capillaries

47) Resistance is a force that

decreases blood flow

29) Which of the following lumen diameters would be typical of a muscular artery?

0.4 cm

28) The common iliac artery is an example of which type of artery?

elastic

6) The layer between the tunica media and the tunica externa in a large artery is the

external elastic membrane

24) Capillaries with a perforated lining are called

fenestrated capillaries

2) Compared to arteries, veins

have thinner walls

2) In large arteries, the thick layer of elastic fibers is called the

internal elastic membrane

5) The smallest arterial branches are called the

precapillary arterioles

27) Blood flow through a capillary is controlled by the

precapillary sphincter

49) As blood travels from arteries to veins,

pressure drops

41) Blood moves forward through veins because of all of the following, except

pumping by the smooth muscle in the wall of the vein

14) Venoconstriction ________ the amount of blood within the venous system, which ________ the volume in the arterial and capillary systems.

reduces;increases

8) Which of the following layers of a vessel contains collagen fibers with scattered bands of elastic fibers?

tunica externa

3) Which of the following is the innermost layer of a blood vessel?

tunica intima

0) Which layer of a blood vessel contains concentric sheets of smooth muscle tissue?

tunica media

1) The muscular layer in the wall of a blood vessel is the

tunica media

17) The layer of the arteriole wall that can produce vasoconstriction is the

tunica media

0) Venoconstriction reduces the diameter of which vessel?

vein

16) Venae cavae are the largest of what type of vessel?

vein

36) What vessels hold the largest percentage of the blood supply?

vein

11) The large vessels that return blood to the heart are called

veins

3) Which part of the vascular system functions as a blood reservoir and contains over 60% of the body's blood?

veins

7) The thoroughfare channel ends at the

venule

40) Which of the following are the smallest venous vessels?

venules

46) The small vessels that capillaries drain into are called

venules

9) After blood leaves the capillaries, it enters the

venules

4) List in correct order the sequence of blood vessels that blood would travel in the systemic circuit starting at the aorta. 1. venules 5. medium veins 2. arterioles 6. large veins 3. capillaries 7. muscular arteries 4. elastic arteries A) 6, 5, 1, 3, 2, 7, 4 B) 4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6 C) 7, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6 D) 5, 6, 1, 3, 2, 7, 4 E) 2, 7, 6, 3, 1, 5, 6

4,7,2,3,1,5,6

35) Complications related to arteriosclerosis account for roughly ________ percent of deaths in the United States.

50

3) Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the output side to the input side of the cardiovascular flow circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries

4,7,2,3,1,5,6

21) Factors that increase the risk of atherosclerosis include which of the following?

A) high cholesterol B) lack of exercise C) smoking D) obesity E) All of the answers are correct.

37) Arteriosclerosis can lead to

A) hypertension. B) stroke. C) coronary artery disease. D) myocardial infarction. E) All of the answers are correct.

26) Which kind of vessel is also called a resistance vessel?

arteriole

32) Which vessel is known as a resistance vessel?

arteriole

45) The main control of peripheral resistance occurs in the

arterioles

50) Blood flow to a tissue will increase if the

arterioles dilate

39) The inferior vena cava is classified as a(n)

large vein

20) A sample of tissue displays many large flattened spaces lined by fenestrated endothelium. Blood moves slowly through these spaces. This tissue sample most likely came from the

liver

31) The brachial and femoral arteries are examples of which type of artery?

muscular

48) Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following, except the

osmolarity of interstitial fluid

34) Which of the following is most likely to result from an aneurysm in a brain artery?

stroke

19) You would expect to find fenestrated capillaries in

the pituitary

of the following arteries, the one that is an elastic artery is

the subclavian artery