APA 7th edition

Give an example of a narrative citation w/ three authors.

Adams et al. (1780)

What citation system is used in APA?

The author-date citations system.

Give an example of a signal phrase?

According to..., as stated by..., Jefferson and Madison have argued that...,

What is/are presented in URL format?

Both DOIs and URLs are presented in URL format.

Define present perfect tense?

Expresses a past action that did not occur at a definite time or describes an action beginning in the past and continuing to the present.

When is an ampersand used in a parenthetical citation?

When a source has two authors.

When are in-text citations used?

When you are paraphrasing, directly quoting, referring to data, or reprinting a table/text from another work.

Give an example of a paranthetical citation paraphrased w/ one author.

(Washington, 1777)

If there's no date, what should go in the publication year?

(n.d.)

Give an example of a paranthetical citation paraphrased w/ two authors.

(Washington & Hamilton, 1779)

In the references, are shorter works italicized or put in quotes?

For APA, Short works are neither italicized nor are they put in quotes.

What are some examples of past tense statments?

Herrera and Hernandez (2015) claimed, "..." (pp. 56-61), and Solis (2012) argued that "..." (p. 8).

When is a page number required in a parenthetical citation?

If you are directly quoting from the source.

What is the author-date citation system?

Each work used in a paper has two parts: an in-text citation and a corresponding reference list entry.

Where do editions and volumes appear in the references?

Editions and volumes appear after the title in parentheses. Ex. (4th ed.) or (Vol. 5).

What is included in the in-text citation?

The author(s) of the source and the date of publication.

Give an example of a parenthetical citation that is paraphrased.

The movie is strictly an attack on the determinism of the 1800s (Banks, 2000).

Give an example of a narrative citation w/ two authors.

Washington and Hamilton (1778)

Why do we use APA?

We use APA because it is a standardized form of writing that enforces uniformity and consistency, and following the standards allows students and professionals to present ideas while crediting published sources.

When is a page number NOT requried in a parenthetical citation?

If you are paraphrasing

How do you avoid under citing?

Credit sources when they are irretrievable. (classroom resources or personal communications).

How are narrative citations used?

The author and the publication date of the source cited are included within the text/sentence.

Define past tense.

Expresses an action that occurred at a definite time in the past.

In the references, are longer works italicized?

For APA, Longer works are italicized.

Give an example of a paranthetical citation paraphrased w/ three authors.

(Adams et al., 1781)

What are the formats of narrative citations?

Anderson (2016) stated that "..." (p. 86). Anderson and Finch argued that "..." (pp. 34-38).

What should the format of the main body be in an APA paper?

1. Complete paper title (bold and centered; it functions as a level 1 heading.); 2. Rest of paper with coordinating headings. (level 2: bold title, flushed to the left.)

What is APA?

APA is a writing and formatting style used in health care; humanities; and social, behavioral, and natural sciences. So, this style will be used in education, nursing, business, and psychology courses.

What should be included in the main body of an APA paper?

An intro, thesis, a well-organized body, and a conclusion. Should also have references and citations. Also, the paper needs to be in past or present perfect tense.

How do you avoid over citing?

Don't repeat the same in-text citation in every sentence when the source of the information has not changed unless a direct quote is used.

When should a partenthetical citation be included at the end of the sentence?

If the author of the work and date of publication are NOT introduced.

When is it not necessary to repeat the year in a narrative citation?

If the same narrative citation is used within a single paragraph (give an example).

What should be done if several appendices are included?

If there are several appendices included then label them in the order they are mentioned in your text. Ex. the appendix titles on the paper maybe "Appendix A" and "Appendix B."

Why are signal phrases necessary?

It establishes a speaker, shows relevancy, and eliminates floating quotes.

What does an appendix include?

It includes supplemental material such as lists, instructions, descriptions, or photographs.

In an APA paper, what is the formatting of heading levels? (The first 3 at least.)

Level 1: Centered, bold, and Title Case Heading; Level 2: Flushed Left, Bold, and Title Case Heading; and Level 3: Flush left, bold italic, Title Case heading.

For APA, is an abstract required for student papers?

No, student papers are not required to have abstracts.

Where is the appendix located?

On a separate page after the reference page.

How are the references listed?

Sources are alphabetized and within a source by the first last name presented in the source followed by initial(s) for up to 20 authors. After 20 authors, names are omitted with an ellipsis.

What should students know about this presentation?

Students should know that there are different formatting recommendations when it comes to the writing standards of students and professionals. So for the rest of this presentation we'll be focusing on the standards for students.

Kapoor, Bloom, Montez, Warner, and Hill (2017); Kapoor, Bloom, Zucker, Tang, Koroglu, L'Enfant, Kim, and Daly (2017). What is the trouble with these in-text citations? How do they have to be formatted and why?

They can be ambiguous. They should be formatted as follows: Kapoor, Bloom, Montez, et al. (2017); Kapoor, Bloom, Zucker, et al. (2017). They are formatted this way to avoid confusion between sources.

History.com Editors. (2009, October 29). Great Depression history. History. Retrieved January 6, 2020, from https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/great-depression-history (What type of source is this?)

This is a web page from a website source that is or has been updated.

Give an example of a narrative citation w/ one author.

Washington (1776)

What is used before the quote is stated?

A signal phrase.

What formats of in-text citations are used?

Parenthetical and narrative citations

What are the purposes of appendices?

The appendix should help the reader understand evaluate or replicate the content or argument of your paper.

Should "runnning head" be included in student papers?

No, the running head should be excluded from student papers.

What is the format of the title page of an APA paper?

1. Page number (top right corner); 2. Paper Title (a third of the paper down, bold, and centered); 3. Your name (with a white space after the title.); 4. Affiliation (College of..., Texas...); 5. Course; 6. Instructor; 7. Due date

An abstract consists of what?

150-250 concise (straight to the point) summary. It should include the following: participants, keywords, questions, methods, results, data, analysis, and conclusions.

How many times should you refer to the appendix?

A paper should refer to the appendix at least once in the text. Ex. "see appendix" or "refer to appendix A"

Give an example of two sources that can be ambigious.

Levy, Smith, Moore, and Davis (2010); Levy, Martin, Gill, and Yang (2010). (Why are they ambiguous?)

What are some examples of the present perfect tense?

Lopez has stated, "..." (p. 45), and Herrera and Ramirez have concluded that "..." (pp. 10-20).

If the author and publication date are included in the sentence what is included in the parenthetical citation at the end of the sentence?

Only the page number is included in the parentheses.

In the references page, what goes after the name of the author(s).

The publication year

What if a professor wants a "running head"?

The running head should be a shortened version of the paper title. The label "running head" should not be included in the header.

Give an example of a parenthetical citation that is a direct quote.

The study conducted describes the subject as "the modern form of dance" (Hill & Noels, 2015, p. 56).

Pruitt, S. (2019, December 20). Area 51's most outrageous top secret spy plane projects. History. https://www.history.com/news/area-51-top-secret-spy-planes-u2-blackbird (What type of source is this?)

This is a web page on a website source.

Author. (Year, Month Day). Title of work. Name of Website. https:// (This type of format is for what source?)

This is a web page on a website with a source that is not constantly updated.

Author. (Year, Month Day). Title of work. Name of Website. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from https:// (This format is for what type of source?)

This is a web page on a website with a source that is or has been updated.

Murphy, K. A., Ariela, J., & Bendsworth, K. (2014). Early detection of diabetes in children in South Texas. The American Journal of Medicine, 45(1), 78-85. https://doi.org/15.3256/4-565123.21 (This is an example of what format?)

This is an example of a journal article with a DOI.

Cooke, D. J., & Logan, C. (2015). Capturing clinical complexity: Towards a personality-oriented measure of psychopathy. Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(4), 262-273. http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-criminal-justice/ (This is the exact format of what?)

This is an example of a journal article without a DOI.

Author. (Year). Article title. Journal Title, volume number(issue number, if provided), page(s). https://doi.org/# (This is the format of what?)

This is the format of a journal article page.

In the references, what cases are the titles?

Titles are in lowercase, but proper nouns and the first word of the title and subtitle are capitalized.