apes final

which of the following best describe the trends in atmospheric C02 concentration and Antarti temperature over the part 800,000 year ?

atmospheric C02 concentration and antarctic temperature are directly correlated over the past 800,000 years.

Which best exemplifies how actin within the fishing industry could lead to a tragedy of the commons?

Overfishing of threatened fish species leading to depletion of the resources

Ticks on a deer

Parasitism

Which of the following trophic levels represents a primary producer in an aquatic food chain

Phytoplankton

Which measure should be taken to best reduce erosion at the construction site to protect the Mississippi watershed?

Plant grass shrubs on the slope

Which of the following ecosystem services is categorized as regulating

Pollination decomposition and water purification

Rule 70 can be used to determine populations doubling time. Doubling time means the measure of

Population growth rate

Lions hunts water buffalo in the African desert.

Predation

What type of organisms are found in a variety of habitats, feed on a variety of foods, and have 1-7 offspring per year

R-strategist and generalist

Which of the following is an example of the environmental benefits of aquaculture?

Raising fish in aquaculture reduces the nutrient of fish caught from the ocean

Which would decrease with the manufacture, application, and use of synthetic fertilizers rather than organic fertilizers?

Recycling of organic matter

Which statement about the global distribution and use of fossil fuels is best supported by the data?

Saudi Arabia and Australia produce large vlumes of fossil fuels

Native species would survive on Madagascar better than eastern island because

The island is larger and has more diverse habitats

Which of the following best describes acid mine drainage?

The leakage of water containing toxic materials from coal and metal mines

Which of the following is an example of the process of cogeneration

Using wastewater from electricity production for heating homes

If a primary producer's stores 100,000 kcal of energy. How much energy is available to the tertiary consumer

10 kcal

From the diagram, after which year was there the most species diversity

100

Based on the date on the graph when did more developed regions first reach replacement level fertility?

1970

A biome has net primary productivity of 2000 kilocalories/m2/year. How much energy is available to herbivores?

200 kilogram/year

Based on the trends shown in the table, iri which of the following years was the owl population at carrying capacity ?

2015

according to the graph, the increase in C02 concentration, in parts per million, between 1970 and 1990 is the closest to

30 ppm

Based on the graph above which of the following users post-disturbance did sweet gum experience the greatest biomass

50

Which island would have a more specific one that is 5k away or one that is 15km away

5km

What are the portions of sand, silt, and clay for the soil at point T?

60% sand, 30% silt, 10% clay

A student claims that soil Sample B would be classified as a loam, which best describes the method used?

A soil triangle to determine where the lines intersect for sand silt and clay

Which letter choice represents the region with the greatest concentration of organic material

A topsoil

Which statement best describes the most unsustainable method of clear-cutting forests to harvest timber?

All the trees in the forest are cut down and removed in one operation

Which statement best describes an uninintended enviromental consequence of aquaculture fishfarm enclosures in estuaries?

Aquaculture enclosures can haror parasites

Which of the following is an example of an industrial practice that contributes to the tragedy of the commons?

Burning fossil fuels for energy production

Which of the following is the correct order of soil particles in order of increasing size

Clay, Silt, Sand

which lette rcorrectly identifes the part of the hydrologic cycle that is most directly affected by the impervious building materials, such as concrete and asphalt?

D

Which of the folding best describes the change in the population of moths as a result of industrialization

Dark-colored myths increased light-colored moths decreased

Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following questions refer to the following processes. Nitrification Denitrification Assimilation Ammonification Nitrogen Fixation Nitrate ions and nitrate ions are converted into nitrous oxide gas and nitrogen(N2).

Dentrification

The consumption of mosquitos by bats and the control of flooding by tropical forests in mountainous areas of Central America are examples of

Ecosystem services

Which changes to the local hydrological cycle will result if large areas of land experienced clear-cutting?

Evaporation of water from the soil will increase

A population with low genetic diversity is able to respond to environmental stressors

False

Which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the graph?

Feedlots have high levels of pesticide use and energy consumption

Which of the following is a valid reason for promoting the use of fish farms

Fish farming reduces pressure on wild stocks

Which of the following best describes the difference between a generalist and specialist species

Generalist have a wide range of resources, specalist have a narrow range

K-selected species

Have a low number of offspring and have parental care

Which of the following density-independent factors can affect the size of a human population

Heatwaves

Which of the following is an unintended consequence associated with waterlogging caused by flood irrigation?

High water tables

Which of the following explains what is being illustrated in the enclosed area in the northwest portion of the map?

Hot spots in the middle of the Pacific Plate in the Hawaiin Islands

During the La Nina event, what environmental changes would the tropical pacific ocean most likely experience?

Increased upwelling off the coast of South America and increased number of fish

Which technique could best reduce the harmful effects of overfishing if it were adopted by the fishing industry?

Increased use of large mesh gill nets for harvesting salmon and trout

Which statement best describes why birth and death rates are changing in phase two of a demographic transition

Individuals have better sanitation and access to clean drinking water

Based on the map above, which of the following best explains why the Atacama desert, has a consistently arid climate?

It is in the rain shadow of the Andes mountains

Which of the following days on earth yearly orbit would have the longest period of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere?

June solstice

Which trophic level has the least available energy in kilojoules in this food web

Killer whale

Which of the following correctly characterizes one of Earth's atmospheric layers?

Layer d is the thermosphere, where auroras are found

Which is the most likely explanation for the decline in anchovy during an El Nino Southern Oscillation?

Less nutrient-rich waters, disrupting the food web

A biome that experiences large seasonal fluctuations in both temperatures and precipitation pattern has

More generalist species

Exemplified by bees consuming nectar and carrying pollen from one flower to another.

Mutualism

At which of the following sites does seafloor spreading result in rifts and possible volcanoes?

Site A

In the diagram above, which letter correctly identifies the steps where kinetic energy is converted to mechanical energy?

Site C

At which of the following sites is an earthquake most likely to occur as two plates slide sideways past each other

Site c

The vast majority of Ozone (O3) is found in a thin layer due to toa lack of circulation in which layer?

Stratosphere

Environmentalists oppose the mining of antarctic mineral resources because

The antarctic environment is fragile and extremely vulnerable

A country is currently in the second stage of the demographic transition. Currently the country has a birth rate of 37.9 births per 1,000 individuals. Which of the following change would indicate that the country is moving from second stage into the third stage of the demographic transition ?

The birth rate declines to 25.3 per 1,000 individuals.

Which of the following would be considered an advantage of increased urban sprawl?

The population densities decrease, reducing the spread of disease

Which of the following describes why the summer solstice in Australia occurs in December and not in June?

The tile of the earth causes Australia to receive highly concentrated radiation

Which characteristics are most closely associated with the country that demonstrates the age structure in the diagram?

There is a high total fertility rate

Which correctly identifies and explains the effects of the differences in the distribution of solar radiation on Earth?

There is warm air at low latitudes and cool air at high latitudes

Which of the following agricultural practices result in soil degradation and most contributes to erosion?

Tilling

Which best describes trends seen in the total fertility rate for the world population from 1950 to 2040?

Total fertility rates declined rapidly from 1960 to 2000

which of the following statement about levels of biodiversity is correct ?

a population with high genetic biodiversity is better able to respond to environmental stressors.

How does the burning of fossil fuel contribute to the net increase in atmospheric carbon ?

carbon that has been sequestered underground is added to the carbon cycling between the atmosphere and the biosphere.

Moss growing on a tree trunk.

commensalism

Two species of birds eat the same sized seed.

competation

This biome is found in shallow waters off the coastline and is Earth's most biologically diverse marine biome.

coral reefs

which is the following countries is most likely represented in the age structure diagram shown above ?

country b

Based on the diagram above, which process most directly results in the storage of carbon as coal and oil over millions of years?

decomposition

which of the following would best characterize the organisms that inhabit the biome ?

generalists would be most abundant, because the resources available would be constanly changing.

which of the following pathways indicate how nitrogen is added to the largest nitrogen reservoir ?

gentrifying bacteria and volcanic activity

the total rate of photosynthesis in a given area is

gross primary productivity

which of the following best decribes an example of resource portioning in an ecosystem ?

individuals have better sanitation and access to clean drinking water.

Which of the following is mostly likely explanation for the decline in anchovy during El Nino Southern Oscillation event?

less nutrient- rich water reaches surface waters, disrupting the food web

In reef ecosytems, corals often have microalgea living inside them. The algae supply the corals with nutrients, and the coral give shelter to the algae. Which of the following interactions best decribes the relationship etween the corals and the algae ?

mutalism

Ammonia is converted to nitrite, then to nitrate

nitrification

which of the following processes is illustrated by the downward arrows from the atmosphere that show the conversation of nitrogen gas into usable forms available to producers ?

nitrogn fixation

which of the following elements is most likely to limit production in freshwater lakes ?

phosphorus

based on the diagram above, which of the following processes reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

photosythesis

Based on the description and data table below, which of the following combinations best classifies the song sparrow ?

r- strategist and generalist

which of the following best explains why different warbler species can all have habitats in the same conifer trees ?

resource partitioning of seeds of the seeds reduces competition, and the five different species can live in the same tree.

Based on the diagram, which of the following reservoirs contains the most phosphorus?

sediments

Phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of the most bodies of water because

sunlight does not penetrate to great depths in water

which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the table?

the black rhino is K - selected species because it has a low number of offspring per reproductive event.

which of the following best predicts the effect of the introduction of an invasive speies on Easter compared to Madagascar ?

the native species on madagascar are more likely to survive because the island is larger and provides a greater diversity of habitats and resources.

which of the following major storage reservoirs of carbon, stored in the form of carbon dioxide is not represented in this diagram ?

the ocean

which of the following is characteristics of an organism that displays a Type 111111

the organism produces large number of offspring every time it reproduces.

A 163 square- kilometer(km2) small island is found 2,000km from the mainland. A second, larger 230,000km2 island is found 1,000km from the mainland. Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following statements is mostly likely true about the small island when compared with the large island ?

the rate of immigration is lower for the small island than for the large island.

which of the following is the best explanation for the foration of Hadely cells in the tropics as seen in the diagram, between 30N and 30S latitude ?

the sun warms the moist air at the equator and causes it to rise because of its lower density. As the warm air moves away from equator, it cools, becomes denser, and sinks.

which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with a country that demonstrates the age structure in the diagram shown above ?

there is a high fertility rate

which following terrestrial biomes has the highest net primary productivity ?

tropical rainforest