APES UNIT QUIZZES

Area that exhibits island arcs

E

Which latitude shown on the diagram above experiences 24 hours of daylight on December 21?

E (ANTARCTIC CIRCLE)

The data table below shows plant biodiversity of different ecosystems in Glacier National Park. In parts of the park, the glacier is receding leading to succession. (ERT-2.J.1 & 2) Based on the data in the table, which ecosystem is in the earliest stages of succession?

Ecosystem B

(ERT-3.B.1) Which of the following animals is a k-selected species?

Elephant

Directions: Each set of lettered choices below refers to the numbered questions or statements immediately following it. Select the one lettered choice that best answers each question or best fits each statement. A choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all in each set. Region with the lowest atmospheric pressure

Exosphere

Which cycle includes the most abundant gas on Earth and is stored in the atmosphere? (ERT-1.E.4)

Nitrogen Cycle

(ERT-3.B.5) Which of the following species is most likely to be an invasive species if introduced into a favorable new habitat?

OYSTER

Which of the following properties of the soil sample most influences the flow of water through the sample?

Permeability

The water-holding capacity of soil is LEAST likely to be affected by the addition of which of the following?

Pesticide

The diagrams above show the range of tolerance for soil moisture content for two different species of terrestrial invertebrate: Species 1 and Species 2. The ranges represented are for each species where it occurs alone. Soil moisture content is a limiting factor for both species. If populations of both species are placed together in a new location, which of the following diagrams represents the most likely actual (realized) ranges of the species' distribution of individuals with respect to soil moisture content after five generations? (ERT 2.F.1)

(D)

(EIN-1.C.1) If a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is

1.6%

The pH at which 50 percent of the Daphnia survive after 2 hours of extreme exposure can be predicted by the data. This pH is closest to

4.5

On the basis of this data, the best prediction of the pH of the water in which Daphnia are normally found in the wild is

7

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the figure below. A, B, C, and D represent population growth curves, E represents the carrying capacity. Represents the biotic potential of the species

A

Which of the following is a sink? (ERT-1.D.1)

A place where a substance is stored

Organisms adapted to surviving in water with the widest range of salinity would most likely be native species in which of the following marine environments? (ERT-2.F.1 & 2)

An estuary within a lagoon

(ERT-3.D.1) Which of the following changes would most likely lead to a mammal population exceeding its carrying capacity?

An increase in mortality of adults during mating season

Which of the following explanations is best supported by the data shown in the map above? (ERT-2.G.6)

Animals migrate seasonally to mate and to find food in different habitats.

Which of the following countries is most likely represented in the age structure diagram shown above?

B- POP.25.7

The major human causes of extinction today are (ERT-2.G.1)

Both (a) and (b) (hunting and destroying habitats. AND polluting and introducing non-native species.)

What groups of organisms are most in danger of extinction? (ERT-2.A.3)

Both (a) and (b) (those with small populations AND those that migrate or need special habitats)

Area that exhibits a growing nonvolcanic mountain chain due to uplift Area that exhibits a growing nonvolcanic mountain chain due to uplift

C

At which of the following sites is an earthquake most likely to occur as two plates slide sideways past each other?

C (PLATE 3)

A community located downwind from a coal-fired power plant has seen a recent increase in the number of dead and dying trees. A soil scientist measured values for the following parameters before and after the trees died off. Which of the following soil data should be used to determine if the coal-fired power plant emissions were the cause of the damage to the trees?

Calcium and aluminum levels

Birds building nests in a tree have a ________________ type of relationship. (ERT-1.A.2)

Commensalistic

The table below shows volcano and earthquake data for four countries that are approximately equal in size. Based on the data in the table, which of the countries is most likely located at a subduction zone between an oceanic tectonic plate and a continental tectonic plate?

Country D

Dandelions grow quickly and produce many seeds, ensuring that at least some plants will survive and produce seeds themselves. Which curve best represents the survivorship of dandelions?

D

(EIN-1.D.1) In a human population undergoing the demographic transition, which of the following generally decreases first?

Death rate

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following processes. (A) Photosynthesis (B) Eutrophication (C) Denitrification (D) Decomposition (E) Transpiration The rapid rate of this process in tropical forests results in low-nutrient soils

Decomposition

(ERT-3.D.1) Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the figure below. A, B, C, and D represent population growth curves, E represents the carrying capacity. Represents the maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a particular ecosystem on a long-term basis

E

(EIN-1.A.1)Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the histograms below, which show age structure expressed as percentage of population for Countries I, II, and II in 1990. Countries undergoing rapid populations growth include which of the following?

I only

What benefit is there to having resource partioning?​​​​​​ (ERT-1.A.3) Less interspecies competition Less intraspecies competition Less overgrazing

I, II, & III

The defining characterisitics of a wetland invove which of the following? (ERT-1.C.2) Hydrology Soil types Species Composition

I, II, and III

Which of the following is most likely to be the direct result of lack of genetic diversity in a food crop such as corn? (ERT 2.A.2)

Increased susceptibility on plant disease

A research team monitoring a local freshwater ecosystem noticed that over the past few years the otter population had declined significantly, while the populations of other species remained fairly constant. After running tests, the research team determined that mercury levels in invertebrates and small fish in the ecosystem were very high. In this ecosystem, what role did the otters occupy? (ERT 2.I.3)

Indicator species

(EIN-1.A.1) Which of the following age structure diagrams represents a population that most likely has a negative growth rate?

LITTLE ON BOTTOM, LITTLE ON TOP

Which zone of a pond or lake in which rooted, emergent plants such as cattails and rushes are located? (ERT-1.C.1)

Littoral

What is one human interaction that both highly negatively effects the desert as well as surrounding areas and the hydrologic cycle? (ERT-1.B.4 & 1.G.1)

Maintaining Lawns

Hummingbirds use their long beaks to drink nectar from flowers. In turn, they carry the pollen from flower to flower, assisting the reproduction of the flowers. (ERT-1.A.2) What relationship does this describe?

Mutualism

(ERT-3.A.1) Raccoons eat a variety of foods and can live in a variety of habitats, including locations near humans. Tiger salamanders eat an abundance of worms and insects and require wetland habitats so they do not dry out. Which of the following best identifies the two different species?

Raccoons are generalists, and salamanders are specialists.

What is the most widespread effect of cutting down trees in the rainforests on the rest of the world? (ERT-1.B.4)

Rainforest deforestation leads to increased release of CO2 causing climate change

The anole lizards found on the island of Puerto Rico are a good example of _________ ________. As seen below, natural selection has led to the evolution of different species that make use of different resources in overlapping niches to reduce interspecies competition. (ERT-1.A.3)

Resource Partioning

Which of the following best describes why secondary succession generally occurs more quickly than primary succession? (ERT-2.I.1)

Secondary succession takes place in areas that already have soil and nutrients in place, whereas primary succession occurs in areas that lack soil.

Which biome contains plants that have adapted to minimize water loss, developing features such as smaller leaves with fewer pores? (ERT-1.B.1)

Subtropical desert

Which of the following biomes would be perfect for growing wheat due to the nutrient rich soil, lack of trees and shrubs that would need to be removed and is found north and south of the equator? (ERT-1.B.3)

Temperate Grasslands

Scientists are interested in determining the average number of species that have migrated from the mainland to a group of islands, as shown below. Partway through their study, they decided to include an additional island in their study group. (ERT 2.D.1) Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following best explains how the scientists' calculation of average number of species would change with the inclusion of this new island in their study?

The average would decrease because fewer species would have migrated directly to the farther island.

Artic foxes typically have a white coat in the winter. In summer, when there is no snow on the ground, the foxes typically have a darker coat. Which of the following is most likely responsible for the seasonal change in coat color? (ERT-2.H.2)

The decrease in the amount of daylight in winter causes a change in gene expression, which results in the artic foxes growing a lighter apearing coat.

Which direction would the flow energy flow between a dingo and rabbit and who is the predator? (ERT-1.A.1)

The enegry would go from the rabbit to the dingo. The dingo is the predator.

Scientists are interested in determining the impact of the construction of a hydroelectric dam on a population of salmon that live downstream of a populated area. They measure the health of the salmon population in its current state, several years after the dam was constructed. Which of the following would be the best to use as a control in this study? (ERT 2.H.1)

The health of the salmon population prior to any dam construction

The graph below shows the change in sea level from the Cambrian period to today compared to today's sea level. (ERT-2.G.4) Which of the following statements correctly describes the trends seen in the data?

The lowest sea level occurred during the Paleogene period.

(ERT-3.E.1) Figure 1 shows the population sizes for the moose population and the wolf population on Isle Royale. Which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the graph for the population of wolves between 1975 and 1985?

The population declined following depletion of food resources after a population overshoot.

Which of the following is a measure of the biodiversity of an ecosystem? (ERT 2.A.1)

The total number of different plant species

What would happen to coral reefs if the pH of the ocean near them were lowered to 7.0? (ERT-1.C.3)

They would die as it is more acidic

What would happen to a koala if there was a fungus that had killed eucalyptus trees and why? (ERT-2.A.4)

They would die out because they are a specialsts and their food source is gone.

Of the following biomes, which contains the highest biodiversity and humidity year round? (ERT-1.B.2)

Tropical Rainforest

Which biome is characterized by a short growing season, harsh winters, no trees, mostly migratory animal species, and less than 10in of rain per year? (ERT-1.B.2)

Tundra

A student group is involved in a restoration study of a nearby disturbed area. They decide to collect six soil samples and analyze them for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Two of the samples are found to be very high in C and N, but the other four samples are low in both. The students also notice that the color of the two soil samples that are high in C and N is very dark. Which of the following is the most likely explanation of the data?

Two of the samples were collected from an A horizon, and the others were collected from a B horizon.

Which of the following agricultural practices would most likely lead to improved water quality in nearby streams and rivers?

Using crop rotation in fields

All of the following is not a negative externality?(ERT 2.B.1)

bees pollinating vegetables in addition to creating honey

The __________ is characterized by very low temperatures year round, nutrient-poor soil, and little precipitation, which usually occurs in the form of snow. (ERT- 1.B.1)

boreal forest / taiga

Reduction in the sea otter population affected the Pacific coast ecosystem by (ERT-2.I.2)

decreasing the biodiversity of the ecosystem.

In what part of the world are the greatest number of extinctions occurring? (ERT-2.G.5)

in tropical rain forests

Which factor is the independant factor in this experiment?

pH level

(ERT-3.B.2) Members of an r-selected species characteristically

reach sexual maturity quickly

Which soil indicated on the soil triangle above would most likely have the highest water-holding capacity?

soil C

Most deserts on Earth are located near the 30° north and 30° south latitudes because humidity is lower at 30°. The best explanation for the lower humidity is that

warm air rises at the equator, cools, and sinks at 30° latitude