Appendicular Skeleton

Scapula

divided into 3 areas: subscapular fossa (anterior side) supraspinous fossa - above spine infraspinous fossa - below spine

fovea capitis

indentation on the head of the femur where a ligament attaches femur to hip

ulna

-forearm on the pinky side -proximal end, the olecranon process, articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus -trochlear notch - the U coronoid process - the anterior side of the U

radius

-forearm bone on the thumb side -rounded head articulates with the capitulum of the humerus -distal end is enlarged and articulates with the carpals of the hand (schaphoid and lunate) and the ulna radial tuberosity - raised part under the neck

parts of the femur

-head of femur articulates with the acetabulum -neck -greater and lesser trochanter -shaft -condyles - distal end of the femur - articulates with the tibia to form the knee joint

fibula

-non-weight bearing bone - subject to stress fractures -primarily for muscle attachment -distal end is the lateral malleolus - forms the outside ankle bone -Interosseous membrane - membrane in between the tibia and the fibula - open at the top and the bottom so vessels and nerves can pass through

parts of the humerus

1) Head-articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula 2) Neck (2 necks) - anatomic (higher) and surgical neck 3) Greater and lesser tubercle 4) intertubercular groove - in between the 2 tubercles - this is where the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle passes 5) deltoid tuberosity

regions of the upper limb

1) Pectoral girdle - clavicle, scapula, sternum 2) Shoulder 3) Arm - humerus 4) forearm - radius, ulna 5 Hand - carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

sesamoid bone

a bone that develops in a tendon ex: the patella (kneecap)

pelvis

bones are the ilium, ischium, pubis these 3 bones fuse together to form the hip joint (acetabulum) - takes 20 years to fuse - originally fused by triradiate cartilage

distal end of the humerus

capitulum - articulates w/radius trochlear - articulates w/ulna olecranon fossa - posterior side - fits with olecranon process of the ulna 2 epicondyles - medial and lateral

tibia

large weight bearing bone anterior edge is the shin intercondylar eminences - the lateral and medial plateaus that articulate with the condyles of the femur tibial tuberosity - articulates with the patella medial malleolus - medial ankle bone - articulates with talus

Borders of the scapula

medial border lateral border - same side as glenoid fossa - the the humerus attaches Superior border - has the suprascapular notch - where blood vessels and nerves from the axilla to the shoulder

clavicle

medial side articulates with the manumbrim - sternoclavicular joint lateral side articulates with the acromial process of the shoulder

components of skeletal support for lower limb

pelvic bone, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, foot