Appendix 3- Connections/AV for SOS

Common Video Connectors

-VGA - REGBHV (5 male to male BNC cable sin one bundle) - DVIA-A (analog only & DVI-D (digital only) - SDI - HDMI - BNC (coaxial) - RCA (composite) - S-video - Display port

3.5 mm (1/8 inch) connectors video or audio or both? What does it transmit?

3.5 mm (1/8 inch) connectors are commonly found in consumer electronics such as headphone jacks. These connectors are used on computers as headphones and microphone jacks. Typically these connectors offer stereo audio signals and do not transmit video.

BNC connectors

BNC connectors are very similar to RCA connectors but are typically found in permanent or professional installations. These connectors are coaxial, offering two contacts and have a locking mechanism that makes it easy to ensure they stay in place.

Does HDMI carry both audio and video or just one or the other?

Both audio and video

How does the appearance of a DVI-A & DVI-I connector differ from DVI-D?

DVI-A and DVI-I utilize four prongs on the right of the connector surrounding the long flat prong to transmit analog video

There are 3 main different versions: DVI-D, DVI-A and DVI-I. explain...

DVI-D stands for digital only; DVI-A for analog only and DIV-I for integrated meaning digital and analog signals are combined. DVI connectors are typically white and are commonly found on computers.

Digital Visual Interface (DVI) 3 types?

Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a digital video connection that can also transmit analog video signal. There are 3 main different versions: DVI-D, DVI-A and DVI-I.

DVI connector

Digital Visual Interface. Integrated, combines digital and analog in the same connector; digital may be single or dual link

what is digitial preservation?

Digital preservation is a series of managed activities necessary to ensure continued access to digital materials for as long as they are needed utilizing the original format and displaying device.

Ethernet connector how many contacts?

Ethernet connections are a wiring technology primarily used in networking. Most connections consit of a Cat 5, Cat 5e or Cat 6 cable terminated with a RJ45 conector. There are eight contacts. These cables can be terminated easily, their cost is relatively low, they provide high networking speeds and they can be run 100m w/ minimal performance loss. These connectors are gernally used to connect a computer NIC to a LAN though there are many applications of Ethernet cables that do not involve networking. One example would be an active USB extension that utilizes adaptors on the ends of an ethernet cable to transmit USB signal.

What is the difference between simulation debriefing and performance feedback?

Feedback is unidirectional, meaning the educator provides one-on-one assessment of the learner identifying gaps in their performance based on set standards w/o opening a dialogue w/ the learner. Debriefing, on the other hand, is a bi-directional interactive discussion. Debriefing is facilitated in a manner that encourages learners to reflect on activities, discuss areas for improvement and assimilate knowledge and skills.

What devices convert a DisplayPort to a VGA or a VGA to HDMI? or DVI to VGA

Fortunately, there are dongle devices that can convert these signals back and forth for you. For example. For the Laerdal computer, we would use a display port to VGA

Different type of HDMIs

HDMI Type A= full size HDMI Type C= mini HDMI Type D= micro

HDMI technology is closely related to ____connections and can typically be converted to/from ____with no loss of definition

HDMI technology is closely related to DVI connections and can typically be converted to/from DVI with no loss of definition. Just as with any digital transmission an operations specialist would not be able to connect analog devices with HDMI connections w/o the use of a DAC, ADC, video scaler or similar device

HDMI

High Definition Multimedia Interface

HDMI video or audio or both? What does it transmit?

High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is an interface for video and audio that is quickly replacing analog communications. HDMI transmits digital video and audio and can also transmit otehr information to help control devices connected via HDMI. Many output devices such as TVs, projectors, and monitors accept HDMI. Professional and consumer electronics rely on HDMI connectors when digital video is needed.

XRL

In the sim evnt, the XRL connector is commonly found on microphones and audio mixers. These connectors are relatively easy to terminate and can be "jumped" (use an additional cable to act as an extension). This with low cost and ready availability makes the connectors very common in any tech application involving audio

Mini B plugs

Mini B plugs are common connectors for devices such as cameras that have less pace to accommodate larger connections

HDMI Type C

Mini-HDMI, used in portable devices.

1/4" plugs (Quarter inch connectors ) video or audio or both? What does it transmit?

Quarter inch connectors are commonly used to transmit analog audio. Some applications of this type of connector would include electronic instruments and various audio sources. Sometimes referred to as patch cables or in its stereo or balanced form tip-ring sleeve (TRS) cables, these connectors are used in a variety of applications. Early versions of this included phone cables that have 1/4 connectors and were used on phone switchboards.

RCA Connectors video or audio or both? What does it transmit?

RCA connectors are coaxial-type connectors able to transmit video or audio signals. RCA connectors have been around since 1940 and are still popular in a variety of applications. Since these cables are coaxial, they have two contacts, which limits them in the amount of information they can transmit. These cables are relatively simple and easy to use making them cost-effect and popular in consumer electronics. These connections are found on many video output and input devices. Digital audio can be transmitted via RCA connectors following an adapted version of RCA technology

RCA coupler

RCA is a coupler that connects to of the same type of connections.

RJ11

RJ11 is commonly recognized connector for a phone jack. Thsi connector is becoming less popular w/ the evolution of Ethernet (RJ45) technology but is still seen on phones and some computer modems.

With so many uses for RCA connections it is helpful to keep in mind that most RCA connectors follow a color scheme to indicate the purpose of the connection Red= white= yellow=

Red= right audio white= left audio yellow= composite video

S-Video Connectors

S-Video connectors transmit analog video typically in standard resolution. This technology is quickly being replaced w/ others, but can still be found on many displays and projectors

Serial (or RS-232)

Serial (or RS-232) is a communication interface (or COM port) that is able to transfer data. RS-232 connections have been used since the 1950s and use a 9 pin connector (technically named DE-9).

3.5 mm (1/8 inch) connectors examples?

Several popular manikins utilize the control computer's headphone jack as a way to transmit audio of recorded voice to speaker or amplifier to emulate the voice of a patient. There are other simulators that use the computers 3.5 mm (1/8 inch) input to allow an operator to speak through the manikin speakers so it sounds as though the patient were speaking.

Can you connect a DVI-D to a DVI-A or DVI-I?

Some devices use DVI-D connectors and have no analog signal throughput. Therefore trying to connect a DVI-A or DVI-I connector to a device that only accepts DVI-D may be impossible since the device w/ a DVI-D connection does not have holes to accommodate the four prongs that are included on a DVI-A or DVI-I connector.

TRS (tip-ring-sleeve), TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve), Tip-sleeve (TS)

TRS (tip-ring-sleeve), TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve), versions increase the availability of contacts on the connectors.

The Serial cable is being superseded by which connector? Does the Serial cable transmit video or audio or both? What does it transmit? Max length of a serial cable?

This cable is being superseded by USB technology for use with many devices but can still be found on some hardware that is configured by a computer (eg routers or professional audio processing units). These cables can connect devices to b e controlled by computers but do not typically transmit audio or video. Several popular devices found in the sim envt have historically utilized this type of connector. It is helpful to know that due to the physical nature of these cables, cables with lengths over 15 m can cause reliability issues.

TRS (tip-ring-sleeve), TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve), Tip-sleeve (TS) how many signals does each have? what type are apple headphones?

Tip-Sleeve (TS, or standard mono) connectors have two contacts, allowing one audio signal. TRS and TRRS are examples of this technology adapted to provide greater performance. This adapted technology is found in 3.5 mm connectors as well. TRS cables allow for two signals (commonly used for stereo headphones) whereas TRRS cables, with four contacts allow 3 signals (commonly found in stereo headphones with the third signal used for microphone such as Apple iphone headphones)

USB Standard B plugs

USB Standard B plugs generally plug into devices such as printers that would have a standard-B receptacle.

Common variations of USB connectors

USB standard-A plug and standard-A receptacle, standard-B and mini-B

USB standard-A receptacle

USB standard-A receptacle are commonly found in computers designed to accept USB Standard-A plugs such as those on USB headsets or storage devices.

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

Universal Serial Bus (USB) connections are essentially serial connections that have been made smaller and faster. These connections serve as data connections (eg external storage or devices) for computers. These external devices may sometimes be cameras (ie webcams) or audio devices such as headphones or microphones. USB connections are not commonly used to send uncompressed or analog audio signal like a microphone cable, but may transmit digital audio to a device and therefore essentially serve as a digital audio connection. The same is true w/ video where the cable is not passing uncompressed or analog video, but may be used to transmit digital video data and therefore serve as a digital video connection.

Video Graphics Array (VGA) video or audio or both? What does it transmit?

VGA is a 15-pin connector that has been used since the late 1980s. VGA only supports video, not audio like some of the other connectors. VGA transmits analog video only Example: There are several sim manikins that use a VGA cable to connect to a vital sign monitor. An external monitor is connected to the control computer and acts as an extended display that simulates a vital sign monitor one would find in a clinical envt.

VGA

Video Graphic Array (VGA) The VGA translates binary-coded information (0s and 1s) into the color combinations required to make up an image on your computer screen.

VGA resolution

Video Graphics Array A computing standard that has a resolution of 640 × 480 pixels with 16 colours or of 320 × 200 pixels with 256 colours.

HDMI Type A

Video and audio stream. All digital 19-pin proprietary connector

XLR connectors video or audio or both? What does it transmit?

XLR connectors are common connectors used for audio equipment. Typically consisting of 3 pins/connectors ,XLR conection are a reliable way to transmit a single balanced analog audio signal. The male and female connectors are able to latch, avoiding accidental unplugging. There are many variations of the connector also known as a Cannon plug that have fewer or more connectors. Some manufacturers of lighting and audio equipment may adopt a less common version of this connector to achieve a certain connection that requires four, fiver or more contacts; these connection also can be used for the transfer of power

When one electronic device interrupts the function of another electronic device in the radio frequency spectrum, this is known as

electromagnetic interference (EMI) EMI is the disruption of operation of an electronic device when it is in the vicinity of an electromagnetic field in the radio frequency spectrum that is caused by another electronic device. Interruption of function assumes that frequencies were not mismatched previously.