APUSH Cowart Test Hints Chapters 30- 31 (including parts of 29) (complete)

year women's suffrage went into effect

1920

economic conditions of the 1920s

1. credit is a new thing, but there are few government restrictions on it 2. most all of the Presidents held a laissez-faire economic approach 3. trusts/monopolies are growing

rise of credit in consumerism

1. new technologies allowed new inventions like the refrigerator, car, washing machine, and radio to be mass produced 2. people wanted to have as many of these new products they possibly could 3. businesses decided to extend credit to customers in order to sell more items

example of a northern city that is predominantly African American today as a result of the Great Migration

Detroit (for the automobile industry)

Palmer Raids

a 1920 operation coordinated by Attorney General Mitchell Palmer in which federal marshals raided the homes/ headquarters of suspected communists/ anarchists in 32 cities

the 1920s can best be described as

a carefree time period in which old society and tradition were clashing with more liberated social attitudes

Scopes Trial

a highly publicized trial in which John Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was found guilty but ultimately never punished

Immigration Act of 1924

also known as the "National Origins Act," set quotas for immigration to the US: much fewer southern and eastern Europeans were allowed in, and no immigrants from Asia were allowed due to the fear of communism (western Europeans were allowed to enter the US without many restrictions)

Harlem Renaissance

black artistic movement in New York City in the 1920s, when writers, poets, painters, and musicians came together to express feelings and experiences, especially about the injustices of Jim Crow

flappers

carefree young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion

"New Negro"

desire of key Harlem Renaissance leaders to shed light on the idea that every black should be considered "a full citizen and a social equal to whites"

Creel Committee

formally named the Committee on Public Information, a government office during WWI that was dedicated to winning everyday Americans' support of the war through propaganda techniques such as posters or commercials before movies (known as "four-minute men")

Margaret Sanger

leader of the American movement to legalize birth control; founded the American Birth Control League which would become Planned Parenthood (she was/is criticized for being extremely racist)

effects of women's suffrage

many women shifted the fight from political to social change ("women should be allowed to drink, smoke, and ride a bike in public")

Great Migration

movement of millions of blacks from the rural South to the urban North and West; first major wave occurred during WWI, when 1.5 million went to industrial centers to take jobs of displaced men who were fighting in the war

common themes of writers in the 1920s

over-glorification of patriotism, questioning established religion, disillusionment, sexuality, technology, social progress

Henry Cabot Lodge's position on the Treaty of Versailles

the US should not ratify the treaty in its original form and not enter the League of Nations, because it stated that the US would go to the aid of any member country without congressional approval, which he argued was dangerous and unconsitutional

Woodrow Wilson's position on the Treaty of Versailles

the US should ratify the treaty in its original form and join the League of Nations

nativism

the belief that Americans needed to protect the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants who were eroding American values