APUSH FINAL

PASSAGE: obj. 5: But what warrant have we to take the land, which is and has been of Long time possessed of others, the sons of Adam? question: Which European approach to colonization is most consistent with the arguments in the excerpt above?

.Sending men and women to acquire land and populate settlements while having relatively hostile relationships with the native inhabitants

Subsequent interactions between Americans and the American Indians would lead to

A series of wars between the two groups

Which of the following is true of immigration to the colonies during the first half of the 18th century?

A sizable minority of immigrants had no freedom of choice incoming to the colonies

Who famously admonished her husband to "remember the ladies"?

Abigail Adams

Juan de Onate's 1598 subjugation of natives who resisted Spanish rule is best illustrated by his attack against natives in

Acoma

As Spanish labor demands grew, the labor source for imperial production transitioned to

African slaves

Locke believed that political society was based on

Agreement of a majority

The encomienda system primarily relied on labor from

American Indians

The sentiments expressed by Columbus in the excerpt above best support which future Spanish goal?

Attempting to change American Indians' beliefs and worldview

Which of the following turning points set the stage for the controversy depicted in the cartoon above? (PIC #6)

Britain's victory over France in North America

PASSAGE: "These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people?Not those over whom government is reasonable and equitable exercised but those who live under a government..." question: That passage above was written in response to

British efforts to tax the colonies

PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: Passage of the above legislation was most consistent with the sentiments of

British laws passed after the end of the Seven Year's War

PASSAGE: "No Negro shall leave them;ace at any time without mu permission....No Negro shall be allowed to marry out of the plantation...No rule I have stated..." question: Criticism of the attitudes expressed the excerpt led to

Churches beginning to divide due to a dispute over whether or not slavery was justified in the Bible

PASSAGE: It is now fourteen-weeks since the revolution of the government here. Future consequences we are ignorant of, yet we know that, at present we are eased of the great oppressions that we groaned under..." question: Which of the following was most likely a significant cause of the sentiments depicted in the excerpt above?

Colonies that were accustomed to a large measure of autonomy

What was the most effective long-term response of African slaves to the treatment depicted in the image above?

Cultural and Linguistic adaptations to achieve a degree of cultural preservation and autonomy

PASSAGE: Washington Farewell Address: "The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible..." question: The speech above best reflects which of the following continuities in United States history?

Debates over the proper role of political parties

What accounts most for the scant success of the above law in modifying English colonial behavior in North America?

Decades of the British government's relative indifference to colonial governance.

PASSAGE: Washington Farewell Address: "The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible..." question: Which of the following most directly prompted the arguments in the speech above?

Disagreements over the French Revolution and foreign policy

The immediate impact of the Louisiana Territory was that it

Doubled the size of the United States

Which European country had the least significant presence in the Western Hemisphere during the 15th and 16th centuries?

England

The 1662 slave codes in Virginia are significant because they

Established a legal difference between servants and slaves based on race

Under the leadership of John Marshall, the Supreme Court established its authority to

Established the meaning of the Constitution

Jon Lok PASSAGE: "It is to be understood, that the people which now inhabit the regions of the coast of Guinea, and the middle parts of Africa.." question: The passage above from a 16th- century British source best demonstrates

European belief in white superiority to justify subjugation of Africa

Which of the following most directly resulted from the arrival of American crops in the Old World?

European population growth

PASSAGE: "In the early part of the seventeenth century of the Ojibwqys had already commenced the customs of yearly visiting Quebec, and afterwards Montreal, taking them packs of beaver skins...." question: Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the fur trade described in the quote above?

European traders rarely intermarried with native peoples

PASSAGE: "For a nation this abused to arise unanimously and to resist their prince, even to dethroning him is not criminal but a reasonable way of vindicating their liberties and just rights..." question: According to Mayhew, the power of the people to oppose of the government comes from

God

Which of the following must be maintained by the people, according to Mayhew?

Government

The idea expressed in the passage above most clearly show the influence of which of the following?

Greater religious independence in the colonies

One feature of the American economy that strained the relationship between the colonies and Britain was the

Growing desire of Americans to trade with other nations in addition to Britain

PASSAGE: "The question, whether an act, repugnant to the constitution, can become the law of the lan, is a question deeply interesting to the United States , but, happily...." question: In this excerpt, "the law of the land"

Has to abide by the Constitution

Which 15th century European country dominated the African slave trade?

Holland

The beliefs and concerns expressed in the excerpt above most immediately resulted in which of the following?

Increased intensity and destructiveness in European- American Indian warfare

Before 1750, what was the most frequent reaction of British colonists in North America to increased trade regulations and a growing mistrust of England's commitment to support the colonies?

Increased smuggling

What was the most important 15th- and 16th- century goal of Spanish conquest and exploration as revealed by the conquistadores?

Increased wealth of Spain

As a result of the process illustrated above, what major shift occurred in the Spanish colonies' encomienda system? (PIC #3)

Indian labor was gradually replaced with African slavery

In which area did the Federalists and Democratic- Republicans most agree?

Indian policy

Pre-Columbian Southwest Indians were most noted for which environmental transformation practice?

Irrigation

Which of the following best describes " republican motherhood"? (PIC #7)

It encouraged women to instill virtue and civic values into their sons.

Which of the following was an outcome of the American Revolution?

It inspired a number of other independence movements

PASSAGE: "It is an important and consoling FACT, that it is already ascertained from the returns of the electoral votes, that JOHN ADAMS had been reelected President of the United States,...." question: Which of the following is true about the article?

It is biased toward the Federalist Party

What was the impact of the "miraculous plague" mentioned in the excerpt above?

It stimulated cultural and demographic change

Which of the following in properly matched?

Jay's Treaty---the British promised to abandon their forts in the Northwest, which averted possible war with England.

With the exception of the Dominion of New England, British governmental oversight of the North American colonies prior to 1750 was

Laissez-faire, hands-off, and inconsistence

PASSAGE: "To understand political power...we mist consider what estate all mean are naturally in, and that it is a state of perfect freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possesions.." question: which of the following did Locke see as the original list on human freedom

Laws of Nature

PASSAGE: " And further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that....no sugars, tobacco, cotton-wool, indigo, ginger, rustic or other dying wood, of growth..." The Navigation Act of 1660 question: The policies stated in the above law can best be seen as an example of

Mercantilism

Which of the following best describes the shift in political power that was in progress at this juncture in history?

Over time, the nation transitioned to a more participatory democracy whereby virtually all adult white men could vote

Which of the following has the most impact in shaping colonial resistance to the above law?

Political thought shaped by the Enlightenment

Which colonial trend from the 17th and 18th centuries is best illustrated by the image above? (PIC #5)

Protestant evangelism

The maize culture of the Southwest was most similar to the pre- Columbian culture of the

Pueblo

While slavery might have begun in America for economic reasons,

Racial discrimination also powerfully molded the American slave system

Mayhew considers the greatest threat to liberty is

Radical positions

Which of the following was not a native crop from the Americans that stimulated trade and/ or population in Europe?

Rice

Which of the following groups of immigrants heavily settled along the western frontier of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia and later led the Paxton and Regulator uprisings?

Scots- Irish Immigrants

Which of the following exposed the inability of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation to put down civil unrest and prompted calls for a new, stronger central government?

Shay"s Rebellion

By the eighteenth century, the various colonial regions had distinct economic identities; the northern colonies relied on __________, the Chesapeake colonies relied on ___________, and the southern colonies relied on ________________.

Shipbuilding, tobacco, rice and indigo

PASSAGE: "No Negro shall leave them;ace at any time without mu permission....No Negro shall be allowed to marry out of the plantation...No rule I have stated..." question: Which of the following best supports the excerpt?

Slave owners had a special status of privilege

After ratification, constitutional compromises remained the most controversial in which area?

Slavery

During the 1790s, disagreements in which area were LEAST responsible for the emergence of political parties?

Slavery

Which deadly epidemic most devastated Mexican natives and was the subject of numerous 15th and 16th century primary accounts of disease?

Smallpox

In the 1790's, the United States successfully negotiated free navigation of the Mississippi River with

Spain

PASSAGE: Henry Knox Quote: "The national dignity and justice require that the arms of the Union should be called forth in order to chastise the Creek nation of Indians, for refusing to treat with the United States on reasonable terms..." question: The proposals outlines in the excerpt above are most similar to the prior approach of which European country toward American Indians in the 1600's and 1700's?

Spain

The Democratic- Republicans favored

States rights

Which of the following was NOT a provision of Hamilton's financial plan?

Taxing the states to pay off the war debt

By the 1820's, the Federalist Party of John Adams would be largely replaced by

The Democratic Party

PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: Some of the concerns expressed in the passage above were best echoed in the legislative reforms supported. by which of the following political parties?

The Democratic- Republicans

Colonial intellectual resistance to 18th century British imperial control was often based on

The Enlightenment

Based on the map above, in which region were American Indians the most mobile? (PIC#2)

The Great Basin and Western Plains

the most ethnically diverse region of colonial America was ________. whereas __________ was the least ethnically diverse.

The Middle Colonies, New England

John Quincy Adam's argument, as presented here, makes sense in the broader context of which of the following wide-spread contemporary social movements?

The Second Great Awakening

Which of the following regions had he longest growing seasons, primarily cultivated rice and indigo, and had a majority African slave population.

The Southernmost Atlantic colonies

PASSAGE: "The Comanche tribe is equally pacific and maintains an attitude of unexampled good faith since I punished them with the rigor of the armed forces. I have observed them with the greatest equity and kindness..." question: The methods described in the passage above were most similar to those of which European colonial power in the Americas during the 16th and 17th centuries?

The Spanish

Which of the following was the main reason for the Louisiana Purchase?

The acquisitions of new lands for farming and markets

As a result of the rapid population growth in colonial America during the eighteenth century

The colonist became more dependent on Britain for the goods that they needed to survive

PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: which of the following continuities in United States history is best demonstrated by the excerpt above?

The debate over the balance of liberty and order

PASSAGE: "The Negroes are very numerous...some gentlemen having hundreds of the them of all sort, to whom they bring great profit...though some masters, careless of their own interest or reputation, are too cruel and negligent.." question: The sentiments expressed in the excerpt above were most directly a result of which of the following?

The development of strict racial categories among British colonist

PASSAGE: " It is thus our political system, resting on the great principe involved in the recognized diversity of geographical interests in the community,..." question: in this excerpt, Calhoun is arguing against

The extension of the national governments power over the states

Which of the following best describes the role of Britain's more Northern colonies in the global trade as illustrated in the map above (PIC #4)

The had an export economy based on food products and raw materials

As the seventeenth century wore on, regional differences continued to crystalize, most notably

The importance of slave labor in the South

PASSAGE: "As soon as we landed, our Indians began to run some two hundred yards towards their enemies, who stood firm...Our Indians began ti cake with loud cries..." question: The excerpt above best reflects which of the following historical trends?

The increasing intensity and destructiveness of American Indian Warfare

Which of the following most Cleary contributed to the growing regional difference over the issue of slavery in the late 1700's?

The invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney, which greatly increased the profitable of cotton growing

PASSAGE: "These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people?Not those over whom government is reasonable and equitable exercised but those who live under a government..." question: Which of the following historical developments most directly precipitated the conditions leading to the argument in the passage above?

The large British debt incurred from the Seven Years War

John Quincy Adam's comparison of the United States to other European governments reveals

The rise of American nationalism

PASSAGE: The spirit of improvement is abroad upon the earth. It stimulates the hearts and sharpens the faculties not of our fellow- citizens alone, but, ...." question: One result of the extension of John Quincy Adams' argument about the ultimate goal for the nation, as presented here was

The rise of reform movements

PASSAGE: "As soon as we landed, our Indians began to run some two hundred yards towards their enemies, who stood firm...Our Indians began ti cake with loud cries..." question: Events such as those depicted in the excerpt above most directly resulted from which of the following?

The spreading of conflict in Europe to North America

PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: The legislation above was passed in response to which of the following challenges?

The threat posed by foreign alliances and entanglements

Which of the following best explains the significance of decisions like this one?

They established the supremacy of federal laws over state laws

Calhoun was the political enemy of

Those who believed in a strong national government

During the late 1700s which of the following was the most difficult challenge for most American Indian groups?

Treat disputes and the seizure of Indian lands

PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: The arguments expressed in the passage above most clearly warn against the perceived dangers of

a strong central government

Thomas Paine and Common Sense was

a widely read criticism of continued British rule of the colonies

PASSAGE: "In the early part of the seventeenth century of the Ojibwqys had already commenced the customs of yearly visiting Quebec, and afterwards Montreal, taking them packs of beaver skins...." question: The quote above best illustrates European nations' interest in

acquiring commodities that were valued in Europe

PASSAGE: Herman Husband Quote: "I need not inform you that a Majority go out Assembly is composed of Lawyers, Clerks, and there in Connection with them... question: the sentiments expressed in the letter above foreshadowed later 18th- century

backcountry social and ethnic tensions

PASSAGE: "For I knew that they were people who could be more easily freed and converted to our holy faith by love than by force..." question: In the passage above, Columbus likely mentioned the American Indians' interest in glass beads and weapons...

because it exemplified the very different worldview of American Indians

PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: The excerpt above best serves as evidence of the

bitter political debates of the 1790's

Spanish mineral wealth from the Americas caused a shift toward

capitalism

In the decades before the Civil War, slave owners

created a set of proslavery arguments justifying slavery as a positive good

PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: the excerpt above was most clearly written in response to

debates over the ratification of the United States Constitution

The XYZ Affair, Sedition Act, and Convention of 1800

demonstrated the challenges America faced as a result of the French Revolution and the spread of its ideals.

In the decades before the American Revolution, the English colonial westward movement resulted in culture; blending with American Indians.

disrupted the existing French- Indian fur trade

The Alien and Sedition Acts did all of the following EXCEPT

ease popular fears of an imminent war with France by quieting public criticism and opening direct negotiations with the French government

PASSAGE: It is now fourteen-weeks since the revolution of the government here. Future consequences we are ignorant of, yet we know that, at present we are eased of the great oppressions that we groaned under..." question: The excerpt above is best understood in the context of the

efforts by England to integrate the colonies into an imperial structure

The North American colonial settlements referenced in the passage above tended to

established like-minded, close-knit, homogeneous communties

In the 17th and early 18th centuries, Britain's greatest challenge in controlling the North American Atlantic trade illustrated in the map above?(PIC #4)

external competition

PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: the excerpt above most clearly reflects the

fears many people had of centralized federal power

The primary motivation of European colonizers to trade with and arm American Indians was to

gain allies for European conflicts that spread to North America

Based on the map above, what was the primary reason for the growth of the Columbian Exchange?

improvements un technology and more organized methods for conducting international trade

After Columbus's arrival in the West Indies, Spanish religion and Christian conversion were often used as a rationale to

justify the subjugation of American Indians

The author of the Excerpt above was most interested in

justifying the takeover of American Indian Lands

The march of the Paxton Boys demonstrated

many western settlers' desire for Indian lands

Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-century Spanish exploration and conquest created a racially mixed culture known as

mestizo

What was the context in which Mayhew was writing?

opposition to British rule of the colonies was increasing

The Proclamation of 1763 prohibiting colonial migration west of the Appalachian Mountains resulted from all of the following EXCEPT

overwhelming popular support

As a result of Bacon's Rebellion

planters began to look for less troublesome laborers

The Scots-Irish can best be described as

pugnacious, lawless, and individualistic

In the British North American colonies at the end of the 17th century, the ideas expressed the passage above led to the emergence of significant

racial stereotyping and the development of strict racial categories

The maps above are best seen as evidence of the (PIC #8)

regional basis of early American political parties

PASSAGE: " It is thus our political system, resting on the great principe involved in the recognized diversity of geographical interests in the community,..." question: Calhoun's comments revealed that

regional interests were beginning to trump national concerns for many political leaders

Before the arrival of Europeans, Great Basin and Western Plains Indians

responded to a lack of resources by developing mobile lifestyles

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, considered by many to be the greatest successor the Articles of Confederation Congress apart from the Declaration of Independence, did all of the following EXCEPT

set aside large reservations for Indian tribes in the area, guaranteeing a generation of mostly peaceful relations with American Indians

PASSAGE: "The Comanche tribe is equally pacific and maintains an attitude of unexampled good faith since I punished them with the rigor of the armed forces. I have observed them with the greatest equity and kindness..." question: The passage above most directly exemplifies the

shifting alliance between Indian tribes and European powers

Which of the following groups in the colonies in the late 17th century would be most critical of Locke's Ideas?

slave owners

PASSAGE: Herman Husband Quote: "I need not inform you that a Majority go out Assembly is composed of Lawyers, Clerks, and there in Connection with them... question: Which of the following most directly contributed ti the sentiments expressed in the letter above?

social and economic inequalities in colonial society

PASSAGE: Woodmason Quote: "In singing of hymns and spiritual songs--- whereby their hears are greatly inflamed with divine love and heavenly joy, and makes the Holy Ghost be shed abroad in their hearts..." question: The underlying cause of the author's complaints in the passage above was

social tensions among backcountry inhabitants

Which Old World crop introduced by the Spanish most dramatically increased demand for African slaves in the Caribbean?

sugar

The image above can be best be seen as depicting (PIC #6)

the British government constraining colonial rights

Which of the following best describes the outcome of the Battle of Fallen Timbers?

the U.S. Army won a decisive victory, effectively ending Indian resistance in the Northwest Territory for almost 20 years

The immediate reason for Bacon's rebellion was

the Virginia governor's refusal to retaliate against Indian attacks on frontier settlements

PASSAGE: "....Whereas the enforcing of the conscience in matters of religion has frequently fallen out to be of dangerous consequences in those commonwealths where it has been practiced..." question: The passage above was most likely written in response to

the ethnic and religious diversity of the middle colonies

PASSAGE: Henry Knox Quote: "The national dignity and justice require that the arms of the Union should be called forth in order to chastise the Creek nation of Indians, for refusing to treat with the United States on reasonable terms..." question: The excerpt above is most clearly a response to

the failure of the Constitution to define the relationship between American Indian tribes and the federal government.

The ideas expressed in the passage above most clearly show the influence of which of the following?

the growth of an Atlantic economy with a shared labor market

In northeastern North America before European contact, the Iroquois developed the tradition of

the longhouse

Over the centuries, the most effective means of "civilizing" natives to Spanish culture was

the mission system

PASSAGE: "Not to look back further than the troubles that were between the Colony of New Plymouth and Phillip, sachem [tribal chief] of Mount Hope, in the year 1671, it may be remember that..." question: the ideas expressed in the passage above most directly reflect which of the following continuities in United States history?

the racial stereotyping and categorization of American Indian groups

The most devastating impact of the Spanish conquest and exploration was_____ (PIC #1)

the spread of deadly epidemics

In the map above, Southwest American Indian communities benefited most from (PIC#2)

the spread of the maize culture

As a consequence of new European crops and livestock brought to American as part of the Colombian Exchange illustrates above. ( PIC #3)

there were far-reaching effects on native settlement patterns as well as on economic, social, and political developments

The Spanish and other European powers frequently justified the approach depicted in the image above on the basis of

white superiority

PASSAGE: Woodmason Quote: "In singing of hymns and spiritual songs--- whereby their hears are greatly inflamed with divine love and heavenly joy, and makes the Holy Ghost be shed abroad in their hearts..." question: the excerpt above was likely a response to

widespread protestant evangelical religious revivals