APUSH FINAL
PASSAGE: obj. 5: But what warrant have we to take the land, which is and has been of Long time possessed of others, the sons of Adam? question: Which European approach to colonization is most consistent with the arguments in the excerpt above?
.Sending men and women to acquire land and populate settlements while having relatively hostile relationships with the native inhabitants
Subsequent interactions between Americans and the American Indians would lead to
A series of wars between the two groups
Which of the following is true of immigration to the colonies during the first half of the 18th century?
A sizable minority of immigrants had no freedom of choice incoming to the colonies
Who famously admonished her husband to "remember the ladies"?
Abigail Adams
Juan de Onate's 1598 subjugation of natives who resisted Spanish rule is best illustrated by his attack against natives in
Acoma
As Spanish labor demands grew, the labor source for imperial production transitioned to
African slaves
Locke believed that political society was based on
Agreement of a majority
The encomienda system primarily relied on labor from
American Indians
The sentiments expressed by Columbus in the excerpt above best support which future Spanish goal?
Attempting to change American Indians' beliefs and worldview
Which of the following turning points set the stage for the controversy depicted in the cartoon above? (PIC #6)
Britain's victory over France in North America
PASSAGE: "These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people?Not those over whom government is reasonable and equitable exercised but those who live under a government..." question: That passage above was written in response to
British efforts to tax the colonies
PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: Passage of the above legislation was most consistent with the sentiments of
British laws passed after the end of the Seven Year's War
PASSAGE: "No Negro shall leave them;ace at any time without mu permission....No Negro shall be allowed to marry out of the plantation...No rule I have stated..." question: Criticism of the attitudes expressed the excerpt led to
Churches beginning to divide due to a dispute over whether or not slavery was justified in the Bible
PASSAGE: It is now fourteen-weeks since the revolution of the government here. Future consequences we are ignorant of, yet we know that, at present we are eased of the great oppressions that we groaned under..." question: Which of the following was most likely a significant cause of the sentiments depicted in the excerpt above?
Colonies that were accustomed to a large measure of autonomy
What was the most effective long-term response of African slaves to the treatment depicted in the image above?
Cultural and Linguistic adaptations to achieve a degree of cultural preservation and autonomy
PASSAGE: Washington Farewell Address: "The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible..." question: The speech above best reflects which of the following continuities in United States history?
Debates over the proper role of political parties
What accounts most for the scant success of the above law in modifying English colonial behavior in North America?
Decades of the British government's relative indifference to colonial governance.
PASSAGE: Washington Farewell Address: "The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible..." question: Which of the following most directly prompted the arguments in the speech above?
Disagreements over the French Revolution and foreign policy
The immediate impact of the Louisiana Territory was that it
Doubled the size of the United States
Which European country had the least significant presence in the Western Hemisphere during the 15th and 16th centuries?
England
The 1662 slave codes in Virginia are significant because they
Established a legal difference between servants and slaves based on race
Under the leadership of John Marshall, the Supreme Court established its authority to
Established the meaning of the Constitution
Jon Lok PASSAGE: "It is to be understood, that the people which now inhabit the regions of the coast of Guinea, and the middle parts of Africa.." question: The passage above from a 16th- century British source best demonstrates
European belief in white superiority to justify subjugation of Africa
Which of the following most directly resulted from the arrival of American crops in the Old World?
European population growth
PASSAGE: "In the early part of the seventeenth century of the Ojibwqys had already commenced the customs of yearly visiting Quebec, and afterwards Montreal, taking them packs of beaver skins...." question: Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the fur trade described in the quote above?
European traders rarely intermarried with native peoples
PASSAGE: "For a nation this abused to arise unanimously and to resist their prince, even to dethroning him is not criminal but a reasonable way of vindicating their liberties and just rights..." question: According to Mayhew, the power of the people to oppose of the government comes from
God
Which of the following must be maintained by the people, according to Mayhew?
Government
The idea expressed in the passage above most clearly show the influence of which of the following?
Greater religious independence in the colonies
One feature of the American economy that strained the relationship between the colonies and Britain was the
Growing desire of Americans to trade with other nations in addition to Britain
PASSAGE: "The question, whether an act, repugnant to the constitution, can become the law of the lan, is a question deeply interesting to the United States , but, happily...." question: In this excerpt, "the law of the land"
Has to abide by the Constitution
Which 15th century European country dominated the African slave trade?
Holland
The beliefs and concerns expressed in the excerpt above most immediately resulted in which of the following?
Increased intensity and destructiveness in European- American Indian warfare
Before 1750, what was the most frequent reaction of British colonists in North America to increased trade regulations and a growing mistrust of England's commitment to support the colonies?
Increased smuggling
What was the most important 15th- and 16th- century goal of Spanish conquest and exploration as revealed by the conquistadores?
Increased wealth of Spain
As a result of the process illustrated above, what major shift occurred in the Spanish colonies' encomienda system? (PIC #3)
Indian labor was gradually replaced with African slavery
In which area did the Federalists and Democratic- Republicans most agree?
Indian policy
Pre-Columbian Southwest Indians were most noted for which environmental transformation practice?
Irrigation
Which of the following best describes " republican motherhood"? (PIC #7)
It encouraged women to instill virtue and civic values into their sons.
Which of the following was an outcome of the American Revolution?
It inspired a number of other independence movements
PASSAGE: "It is an important and consoling FACT, that it is already ascertained from the returns of the electoral votes, that JOHN ADAMS had been reelected President of the United States,...." question: Which of the following is true about the article?
It is biased toward the Federalist Party
What was the impact of the "miraculous plague" mentioned in the excerpt above?
It stimulated cultural and demographic change
Which of the following in properly matched?
Jay's Treaty---the British promised to abandon their forts in the Northwest, which averted possible war with England.
With the exception of the Dominion of New England, British governmental oversight of the North American colonies prior to 1750 was
Laissez-faire, hands-off, and inconsistence
PASSAGE: "To understand political power...we mist consider what estate all mean are naturally in, and that it is a state of perfect freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possesions.." question: which of the following did Locke see as the original list on human freedom
Laws of Nature
PASSAGE: " And further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that....no sugars, tobacco, cotton-wool, indigo, ginger, rustic or other dying wood, of growth..." The Navigation Act of 1660 question: The policies stated in the above law can best be seen as an example of
Mercantilism
Which of the following best describes the shift in political power that was in progress at this juncture in history?
Over time, the nation transitioned to a more participatory democracy whereby virtually all adult white men could vote
Which of the following has the most impact in shaping colonial resistance to the above law?
Political thought shaped by the Enlightenment
Which colonial trend from the 17th and 18th centuries is best illustrated by the image above? (PIC #5)
Protestant evangelism
The maize culture of the Southwest was most similar to the pre- Columbian culture of the
Pueblo
While slavery might have begun in America for economic reasons,
Racial discrimination also powerfully molded the American slave system
Mayhew considers the greatest threat to liberty is
Radical positions
Which of the following was not a native crop from the Americans that stimulated trade and/ or population in Europe?
Rice
Which of the following groups of immigrants heavily settled along the western frontier of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia and later led the Paxton and Regulator uprisings?
Scots- Irish Immigrants
Which of the following exposed the inability of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation to put down civil unrest and prompted calls for a new, stronger central government?
Shay"s Rebellion
By the eighteenth century, the various colonial regions had distinct economic identities; the northern colonies relied on __________, the Chesapeake colonies relied on ___________, and the southern colonies relied on ________________.
Shipbuilding, tobacco, rice and indigo
PASSAGE: "No Negro shall leave them;ace at any time without mu permission....No Negro shall be allowed to marry out of the plantation...No rule I have stated..." question: Which of the following best supports the excerpt?
Slave owners had a special status of privilege
After ratification, constitutional compromises remained the most controversial in which area?
Slavery
During the 1790s, disagreements in which area were LEAST responsible for the emergence of political parties?
Slavery
Which deadly epidemic most devastated Mexican natives and was the subject of numerous 15th and 16th century primary accounts of disease?
Smallpox
In the 1790's, the United States successfully negotiated free navigation of the Mississippi River with
Spain
PASSAGE: Henry Knox Quote: "The national dignity and justice require that the arms of the Union should be called forth in order to chastise the Creek nation of Indians, for refusing to treat with the United States on reasonable terms..." question: The proposals outlines in the excerpt above are most similar to the prior approach of which European country toward American Indians in the 1600's and 1700's?
Spain
The Democratic- Republicans favored
States rights
Which of the following was NOT a provision of Hamilton's financial plan?
Taxing the states to pay off the war debt
By the 1820's, the Federalist Party of John Adams would be largely replaced by
The Democratic Party
PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: Some of the concerns expressed in the passage above were best echoed in the legislative reforms supported. by which of the following political parties?
The Democratic- Republicans
Colonial intellectual resistance to 18th century British imperial control was often based on
The Enlightenment
Based on the map above, in which region were American Indians the most mobile? (PIC#2)
The Great Basin and Western Plains
the most ethnically diverse region of colonial America was ________. whereas __________ was the least ethnically diverse.
The Middle Colonies, New England
John Quincy Adam's argument, as presented here, makes sense in the broader context of which of the following wide-spread contemporary social movements?
The Second Great Awakening
Which of the following regions had he longest growing seasons, primarily cultivated rice and indigo, and had a majority African slave population.
The Southernmost Atlantic colonies
PASSAGE: "The Comanche tribe is equally pacific and maintains an attitude of unexampled good faith since I punished them with the rigor of the armed forces. I have observed them with the greatest equity and kindness..." question: The methods described in the passage above were most similar to those of which European colonial power in the Americas during the 16th and 17th centuries?
The Spanish
Which of the following was the main reason for the Louisiana Purchase?
The acquisitions of new lands for farming and markets
As a result of the rapid population growth in colonial America during the eighteenth century
The colonist became more dependent on Britain for the goods that they needed to survive
PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: which of the following continuities in United States history is best demonstrated by the excerpt above?
The debate over the balance of liberty and order
PASSAGE: "The Negroes are very numerous...some gentlemen having hundreds of the them of all sort, to whom they bring great profit...though some masters, careless of their own interest or reputation, are too cruel and negligent.." question: The sentiments expressed in the excerpt above were most directly a result of which of the following?
The development of strict racial categories among British colonist
PASSAGE: " It is thus our political system, resting on the great principe involved in the recognized diversity of geographical interests in the community,..." question: in this excerpt, Calhoun is arguing against
The extension of the national governments power over the states
Which of the following best describes the role of Britain's more Northern colonies in the global trade as illustrated in the map above (PIC #4)
The had an export economy based on food products and raw materials
As the seventeenth century wore on, regional differences continued to crystalize, most notably
The importance of slave labor in the South
PASSAGE: "As soon as we landed, our Indians began to run some two hundred yards towards their enemies, who stood firm...Our Indians began ti cake with loud cries..." question: The excerpt above best reflects which of the following historical trends?
The increasing intensity and destructiveness of American Indian Warfare
Which of the following most Cleary contributed to the growing regional difference over the issue of slavery in the late 1700's?
The invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney, which greatly increased the profitable of cotton growing
PASSAGE: "These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people?Not those over whom government is reasonable and equitable exercised but those who live under a government..." question: Which of the following historical developments most directly precipitated the conditions leading to the argument in the passage above?
The large British debt incurred from the Seven Years War
John Quincy Adam's comparison of the United States to other European governments reveals
The rise of American nationalism
PASSAGE: The spirit of improvement is abroad upon the earth. It stimulates the hearts and sharpens the faculties not of our fellow- citizens alone, but, ...." question: One result of the extension of John Quincy Adams' argument about the ultimate goal for the nation, as presented here was
The rise of reform movements
PASSAGE: "As soon as we landed, our Indians began to run some two hundred yards towards their enemies, who stood firm...Our Indians began ti cake with loud cries..." question: Events such as those depicted in the excerpt above most directly resulted from which of the following?
The spreading of conflict in Europe to North America
PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: The legislation above was passed in response to which of the following challenges?
The threat posed by foreign alliances and entanglements
Which of the following best explains the significance of decisions like this one?
They established the supremacy of federal laws over state laws
Calhoun was the political enemy of
Those who believed in a strong national government
During the late 1700s which of the following was the most difficult challenge for most American Indian groups?
Treat disputes and the seizure of Indian lands
PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: The arguments expressed in the passage above most clearly warn against the perceived dangers of
a strong central government
Thomas Paine and Common Sense was
a widely read criticism of continued British rule of the colonies
PASSAGE: "In the early part of the seventeenth century of the Ojibwqys had already commenced the customs of yearly visiting Quebec, and afterwards Montreal, taking them packs of beaver skins...." question: The quote above best illustrates European nations' interest in
acquiring commodities that were valued in Europe
PASSAGE: Herman Husband Quote: "I need not inform you that a Majority go out Assembly is composed of Lawyers, Clerks, and there in Connection with them... question: the sentiments expressed in the letter above foreshadowed later 18th- century
backcountry social and ethnic tensions
PASSAGE: "For I knew that they were people who could be more easily freed and converted to our holy faith by love than by force..." question: In the passage above, Columbus likely mentioned the American Indians' interest in glass beads and weapons...
because it exemplified the very different worldview of American Indians
PASSAGE: The Sedition Act, 1798 "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures... "SECTION 2... If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or publishes..." question: The excerpt above best serves as evidence of the
bitter political debates of the 1790's
Spanish mineral wealth from the Americas caused a shift toward
capitalism
In the decades before the Civil War, slave owners
created a set of proslavery arguments justifying slavery as a positive good
PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: the excerpt above was most clearly written in response to
debates over the ratification of the United States Constitution
The XYZ Affair, Sedition Act, and Convention of 1800
demonstrated the challenges America faced as a result of the French Revolution and the spread of its ideals.
In the decades before the American Revolution, the English colonial westward movement resulted in culture; blending with American Indians.
disrupted the existing French- Indian fur trade
The Alien and Sedition Acts did all of the following EXCEPT
ease popular fears of an imminent war with France by quieting public criticism and opening direct negotiations with the French government
PASSAGE: It is now fourteen-weeks since the revolution of the government here. Future consequences we are ignorant of, yet we know that, at present we are eased of the great oppressions that we groaned under..." question: The excerpt above is best understood in the context of the
efforts by England to integrate the colonies into an imperial structure
The North American colonial settlements referenced in the passage above tended to
established like-minded, close-knit, homogeneous communties
In the 17th and early 18th centuries, Britain's greatest challenge in controlling the North American Atlantic trade illustrated in the map above?(PIC #4)
external competition
PASSAGE: Mercy Otis Warren Quote: "[The] Constitution, which bu the undefined meaning of some parts, and the ambiguities of expression in others, is dangerously adapted to the purposed of an immediate.... question: the excerpt above most clearly reflects the
fears many people had of centralized federal power
The primary motivation of European colonizers to trade with and arm American Indians was to
gain allies for European conflicts that spread to North America
Based on the map above, what was the primary reason for the growth of the Columbian Exchange?
improvements un technology and more organized methods for conducting international trade
After Columbus's arrival in the West Indies, Spanish religion and Christian conversion were often used as a rationale to
justify the subjugation of American Indians
The author of the Excerpt above was most interested in
justifying the takeover of American Indian Lands
The march of the Paxton Boys demonstrated
many western settlers' desire for Indian lands
Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-century Spanish exploration and conquest created a racially mixed culture known as
mestizo
What was the context in which Mayhew was writing?
opposition to British rule of the colonies was increasing
The Proclamation of 1763 prohibiting colonial migration west of the Appalachian Mountains resulted from all of the following EXCEPT
overwhelming popular support
As a result of Bacon's Rebellion
planters began to look for less troublesome laborers
The Scots-Irish can best be described as
pugnacious, lawless, and individualistic
In the British North American colonies at the end of the 17th century, the ideas expressed the passage above led to the emergence of significant
racial stereotyping and the development of strict racial categories
The maps above are best seen as evidence of the (PIC #8)
regional basis of early American political parties
PASSAGE: " It is thus our political system, resting on the great principe involved in the recognized diversity of geographical interests in the community,..." question: Calhoun's comments revealed that
regional interests were beginning to trump national concerns for many political leaders
Before the arrival of Europeans, Great Basin and Western Plains Indians
responded to a lack of resources by developing mobile lifestyles
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, considered by many to be the greatest successor the Articles of Confederation Congress apart from the Declaration of Independence, did all of the following EXCEPT
set aside large reservations for Indian tribes in the area, guaranteeing a generation of mostly peaceful relations with American Indians
PASSAGE: "The Comanche tribe is equally pacific and maintains an attitude of unexampled good faith since I punished them with the rigor of the armed forces. I have observed them with the greatest equity and kindness..." question: The passage above most directly exemplifies the
shifting alliance between Indian tribes and European powers
Which of the following groups in the colonies in the late 17th century would be most critical of Locke's Ideas?
slave owners
PASSAGE: Herman Husband Quote: "I need not inform you that a Majority go out Assembly is composed of Lawyers, Clerks, and there in Connection with them... question: Which of the following most directly contributed ti the sentiments expressed in the letter above?
social and economic inequalities in colonial society
PASSAGE: Woodmason Quote: "In singing of hymns and spiritual songs--- whereby their hears are greatly inflamed with divine love and heavenly joy, and makes the Holy Ghost be shed abroad in their hearts..." question: The underlying cause of the author's complaints in the passage above was
social tensions among backcountry inhabitants
Which Old World crop introduced by the Spanish most dramatically increased demand for African slaves in the Caribbean?
sugar
The image above can be best be seen as depicting (PIC #6)
the British government constraining colonial rights
Which of the following best describes the outcome of the Battle of Fallen Timbers?
the U.S. Army won a decisive victory, effectively ending Indian resistance in the Northwest Territory for almost 20 years
The immediate reason for Bacon's rebellion was
the Virginia governor's refusal to retaliate against Indian attacks on frontier settlements
PASSAGE: "....Whereas the enforcing of the conscience in matters of religion has frequently fallen out to be of dangerous consequences in those commonwealths where it has been practiced..." question: The passage above was most likely written in response to
the ethnic and religious diversity of the middle colonies
PASSAGE: Henry Knox Quote: "The national dignity and justice require that the arms of the Union should be called forth in order to chastise the Creek nation of Indians, for refusing to treat with the United States on reasonable terms..." question: The excerpt above is most clearly a response to
the failure of the Constitution to define the relationship between American Indian tribes and the federal government.
The ideas expressed in the passage above most clearly show the influence of which of the following?
the growth of an Atlantic economy with a shared labor market
In northeastern North America before European contact, the Iroquois developed the tradition of
the longhouse
Over the centuries, the most effective means of "civilizing" natives to Spanish culture was
the mission system
PASSAGE: "Not to look back further than the troubles that were between the Colony of New Plymouth and Phillip, sachem [tribal chief] of Mount Hope, in the year 1671, it may be remember that..." question: the ideas expressed in the passage above most directly reflect which of the following continuities in United States history?
the racial stereotyping and categorization of American Indian groups
The most devastating impact of the Spanish conquest and exploration was_____ (PIC #1)
the spread of deadly epidemics
In the map above, Southwest American Indian communities benefited most from (PIC#2)
the spread of the maize culture
As a consequence of new European crops and livestock brought to American as part of the Colombian Exchange illustrates above. ( PIC #3)
there were far-reaching effects on native settlement patterns as well as on economic, social, and political developments
The Spanish and other European powers frequently justified the approach depicted in the image above on the basis of
white superiority
PASSAGE: Woodmason Quote: "In singing of hymns and spiritual songs--- whereby their hears are greatly inflamed with divine love and heavenly joy, and makes the Holy Ghost be shed abroad in their hearts..." question: the excerpt above was likely a response to
widespread protestant evangelical religious revivals