Cardiac exam 1 practice questions
The nurse is planning care for a patient being discharged with peripheral vascular disease. In which order should the nurse provide teaching to this patient? a. Foot and leg b. Smoking cessation c. Weight loss strategies d. Regular daily exercise e. Daily inspection of feet and legs
1. Smoking cessation 2. Daily inspection of feet and legs 3. Foot and leg 4. Regular daily exercise 5. Weight loss strategies
A nurse on the medical-surgical unit is reviewing laboratory values for a client with cardiovascular disease. What laboratory values would the nurse focus on to ensure proper cardiac electrical conduction? SATA A. Calcium levels B. Sodium levels C. Potassium levels D. Phosphorus levels E. Bicarbonate levels
A. Calcium levels B. Sodium levels C. Potassium levels
A nurse is calculating the client's ventricular rate from an ECG. How would the nurse calculate the client's ventricular rate? A. Count the number of QRS complexes in a 6-seconds section of the reading and multiply by 10. B. Count the ST segments and multiply by 10. C. Calculate T waves in a 6-seconds section and multiply by 10. D. Count the number of P waves in a 6-seconds section of the reading and multiply by 10.
A. Count the number of QRS complexes in a 6-seconds section of the reading and multiply by 10.
A client on the medical-surgical unit is diagnosed with heart failure. The client is experiencing edema in the feet and legs in addition to bilateral crackles in the lungs. What intervention would the nurse provide to lessen fluid retention? A. Encourage a low-sodium diet. B. Provide high-potassium foods. C. Push oral fluids. D. Weigh the client weekly.
A. Encourage a low-sodium diet.
A nurse is instructing unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) concerning how to perform a bedside ECG rhythm. What instructions would the nurse provide to the UAP? SATA A. Gather the ECG machine, electrodes, lead wires, and monitor. B. Apply electrodes using the blue, red, and black lead wires. C. Make certain the precordial leads are applied to the arms and legs. D. Apply the electrodes to the client's chest, arms, and legs.
A. Gather the ECG machine, electrodes, lead wires, and monitor. E. Apply three leads: the positive, negative, and grounded.
A nurse on the medical-surgical unit is planning care for an adult client. The client's medical history states that the client has a heart rhythm that has damaged theclient's AV node and decreased the atrial kick. The nurse anticipates the client will have what assessment finding? A. Lowered blood pressure B. Impaired ventricular contraction C. Increased peripheral perfusion D. Decreased heart rate
A. Lowered blood pressure
A nurse is preparing educational material to be presented at a health fair for senior citizens at a community center. The primary focus of the educational material is health promotion and prevention of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Which information would the nurse include in the educational materials? SATA A. Maintain an active lifestyle with regular aerobic exercise. B. Call a health care provider if chest pain occurs. C. Eat a low-fat diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables. D. Stop smoking. E. Have cholesterol levels checked regularly.
A. Maintain an active lifestyle with regular aerobic exercise. C. Eat a low-fat diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables. D. Stop smoking. E. Have cholesterol levels checked regularly.
A nurse is providing care for a client just diagnosed with acute MI. The nurse carefully monitors the client for which manifestations that precede sudden cardiac death? Select all that apply. A. Severe chest pain B. Lightheadedness C. Palpitations D. Orthopnea E. Hypertension
A. Severe chest pain B. Lightheadedness C. Palpitations D. Orthopnea
A nurse is assessing a client with chronic hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The nurse anticipates which assessment findings for this client? SATA A. Syncope B. S4 sound on auscultation C. Regurgitation murmur D. Angina E. Left ventricular hypertrophy
A. Syncope B. S4 sound on auscultation D. Angina E. Left ventricular hypertrophy
A nurse is preparing discharge teaching concerning symptom management for a client newly diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy. What would the nurse include in thisteaching? SAT A. Take all medications as prescribed. B. Avoid processed foods and canned soups. C. Limit rest periods to build activity tolerance. D. Limit fluid intake to help minimize fluid overload. E. Notify the health care provider for any sudden weight gain.
A. Take all medications as prescribed. B. Avoid processed foods and canned soups. D. Limit fluid intake to help minimize fluid overload. E. Notify the health care provider for any sudden weight gain.
A nurse is assessing a client with infective endocarditis. Which assessment finding is a priority to call to the health care provider? A. The client has distended neck veins. B. The client has splinter hemorrhages on the fingernails. C. The client's blood pressure is 106/56 mmHg. D. The client's heart rate is 90 beats/min.
A. The client has distended neck veins.
A nurse on the medical-surgical unit is reviewing the medical records for a client. The nurse is concerned the client is at risk for heart failure based on what information found in the client's records? SATA A. The client is 74 years of age. B. The client has elevated cholesterol. C. The client has a history of hypertension. D. The client has a history of myocardial infarction. E. The client is African American.
A. The client is 74 years of age. C. The client has a history of hypertension. D. The client has a history of myocardial infarction. E. The client is African American.
A nurse in the intensive care unit is reviewing medical records for a group of clients. The nurse recognizes which client needs further assessment for increased fluid overload? A. The client whose venous pressure has increased from 8 to 12 mmHg B. The client whose urinary output has increased from 150 mL/8 hr to 1000 mL/8 hr C. The client whose weight has decreased from 185 to 176 lb in 3 days D. The client whose venous pressure has decreased from 4 to 2 mmHg
A. The client whose venous pressure has increased from 8 to 12 mmHg
A nurse on the medical-surgical unit is assessing a client who reports chest pain that is unpredictable and occurs even when the client is resting. The client also reports nausea and indigestion during chest pain episodes. The client reports feeling anxious during chest pain episodes as well. The nurse recognizes the client's chest pain is related to which cardiac health issue? A. Unstable angina B. Prinzmetal angina C. Stable angina D. MI
A. Unstable angina
A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of MI to a client newly diagnosed with MI. What would the nurse include in this teaching? SATA A. MI occurs when a coronary artery is partly blocked. B. Chest pain occurs when the blood flow to the heart is decreased. C. Damage to cardiac cells can be reversed up to 2 hours after the initial blockage of a coronary artery. D. MI causes damage to the cardiac cells by blocking the oxygen and nutrient supply to the cells. E. Angina that is becoming more severe and more frequent indicates an increased risk for MI.
B. Chest pain occurs when the blood flow to the heart is decreased. D. MI causes damage to the cardiac cells by blocking the oxygen and nutrient supply to the cells. E. Angina that is becoming more severe and more frequent indicates an increased risk for MI.
A nurse in the intensive care unit is providing care for a client who is 6 hours post-MI. The health care provider has written an order for a liquid diet with no caffeine and no foods that are very hot or very cold. What foods would the nurse provide for this client? A. Cola-based carbonated beverages B. Gelatin C. Ice cream D. Regular coffee
B. Gelatin
A nurse working in the intensive care unit is providing care for a client who is diagnosed with ACS and experiencing increasing episodes of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). The nurse is concerned the client is at risk for sudden cardiac death based on which of the following factors? SATA A. Tachycardia always precedes sudden cardiac death when caused by ACS. B. Increasing episodes of PVCs can signal impending sudden cardiac death. C. The client will not experience symptoms before sudden cardiac death from ACS. D. ACS is the leading identified cause of sudden cardiac death. E. A history of previous MI is not a factor in sudden cardiac death related to ACS.
B. Increasing episodes of PVCs can signal impending sudden cardiac death. D. ACS is the leading identified cause of sudden cardiac death.
A nurse is reviewing the results of a recently completed 12-lead ECG. The results indicate a wave pattern that is very irregular and jagged. The nurse is unable to perform necessary measurements. The nurse determines that the tracing is a result of artifact, and the diagnostic test must be repeated. What intervention would the nurse use when repeating the ECG? A. Place fresh ECG paper in the machine. B. Instruct the client to lie still during the ECG. C. Perform a bedside ECG instead of a 12-lead ECG. D. Place the electrodes in a different location on the client's body.
B. Instruct the client to lie still during the ECG.
A nurse is providing care for a client with pericarditis. Because of this diagnosis, the nurse carefully monitors the client for which manifestations of cardiac tamponade? SATA A. Bounding pedal pulses B. Mottled skin C. Decreased level of consciousness D. Muffled heart tones E. Distended neck veins
B. Mottled skin C. Decreased level of consciousness D. Muffled heart tones E. Distended neck veins
A nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with pericarditis. The nurse notes that theclient's heart tones are becoming increasingly muffled. The client is becoming restless and short of breath. Current critical vital signs are pulse, 120 beats/min; blood pressure, 90/40 mmHg; respirations, 32 breaths/min; and O2 saturation, 85% on room air. The nurse anticipates which order from the health care provider? A. Intravenous corticosteroids B. Obtain consent for pericardiocentesis. C. Cardiac enzymes D. Intravenous antibiotics
B. Obtain consent for pericardiocentesis.
A client is newly diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The client will be treated at home with intravenous vancomycin for 8 weeks. The nurse anticipates which type of intravenous device will be used to administer the vancomycin? A. Peripheral catheter B. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) C. Tunneled catheter D. Implanted port
B. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client newly prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for angina. Which instructions would the nurse include in this teaching? SATA A. Do not use nitroglycerin tablets that tingle when place under the tongue. B. Store no more than a 6 month supply of nitroglycerin. C. Store nitroglycerin in the refrigerator. D. Take nitroglycerin before activities known to cause chest pain. E. Get immediate medical attention if chest pain not relieved with three nitroglycerin tablets in 15 to 20 minutes.
B. Store no more than a 6 month supply of nitroglycerin. D. Take nitroglycerin before activities known to cause chest pain. E. Get immediate medical attention if chest pain not relieved with three nitroglycerin tablets in 15 to 20 minutes.
The nurse analyzes the P wave as part of reviewing a client's ECG rhythm. Which findings would the nurse consider for further assessment? SATA A. The P wave is above the isoelectric line in lead II. B. The P wave changes in size and shape from complex to complex. C. The P wave is in front of the QRS complex. D. The P wave is absent in some of the complexes. E. The P wave interval is regular.
B. The P wave changes in size and shape from complex to complex. D. The P wave is absent in some of the complexes.
A 35-year-old client newly diagnosed with cardiomyopathy is scheduled for myocardial biopsy. The client asks the nurse why the biopsy is scheduled. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "A biopsy will determine if you also have cardiomegaly." B. "The biopsy will help determine if an inflammatory process has caused yourcardiomyopathy." C. "A biopsy will help identify which type of cancer caused your cardiomyopathy." D. "Biopsies are used to determine how large your ventricles are."
B. "The biopsy will help determine if an inflammatory process has caused yourcardiomyopathy."
The nurse is reviewing a client's ECG. The nurse is concerned that the client's cardiac electrical conduction system is delayed between the SA node and the ventricles when the nurse observes a lengthening in what part of the ECG tracing? A. QRS complex B. U wave C. PR interval D. P wave
C. PR interval
A nurse is assessing a client with rheumatic fever. The nurse notes that the client has anew-onset pericardial friction rub and tachycardia. The client reports sharp chest pain that improves when the client sits straight up. The nurse is concerned the client is experiencing which complication? A. Cardiac tamponade B. Infective endocarditis C. Pericarditis D. Pleuritis
C. Pericarditis
A nurse in the emergency department is obtaining history from a client admitted with possible pericarditis. Which piece of priority data would the nurse give to the health care provider in the emergency department? A. The client takes corticosteroids for arthritis. B. The client has a history of smoking. C. The client receives hemodialysis three times a week. D. The client has a history of strep throat as a child.
C. The client receives hemodialysis three times a week.
A nurse is preparing discharge teaching concerning disease process for a client newly diagnosed with restrictive cardiomyopathy. What would the nurse include in thisteaching? A. The manifestations will improve in a few months. B. Shortness of breath is an uncommon complication of this disorder. C. Strenuous exercise is encouraged as manifestations improve. D. Allow rest periods throughout the day.
D. Allow rest periods throughout the day.
A nurse is planning teaching for a client newly diagnosed with pulmonary edema. What information would the nurse include concerning on the causes of pulmonary edema? A. Pulmonary edema is caused by swelling in the lung tissue. B. Pulmonary edema is caused by increased contractions of the heart. C. Pulmonary edema is caused by an infection, either bacterial or viral. D. Pulmonary edema can be caused by weakened muscles in the heart.
D. Pulmonary edema can be caused by weakened muscles in the heart.
A nurse is providing care for a client on bedrest because of rheumatic fever. The nurse instructs the client in the use of the pictured piece of equipment. What would the nurse include in thisinstruction? (Incentive Spirometer) A. "Breath rapidly several times before using the device." B. "Exhale while holding the tube in your mouth." C. "Inhle in quick short bursts to obtain maximum effect." D. "Inhale slowly while holding the tube in your mouth."
D. "Inhale slowly while holding the tube in your mouth."
A nurse is providing care for a client who is scheduled for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. When obtaining consent for this procedure, the nurse asks the client to state his or her understanding of the procedure. Which statement by the client indicates that the client understands the procedure? A. "My health care provider will use a machine to trim away the hardened plaque that is blocking my artery." B. "My health care provider will thread a tube to the arteries in my heart and use dye to see if I have blockages." C. "My health care provider will perform surgery to make a bypass around my blocked artery." D. "My health care provider will insert a tube into my blocked artery and inflate a balloon to open the blocked artery."
D. "My health care provider will insert a tube into my blocked artery and inflate a balloon to open the blocked artery."
The nurse instructs a patient about modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which statements indicate that teaching has been effective? (Select all that apply) a. "I should stop smoking to reduce my risk of heart disease." b. "Restricting my activity reduces the onset of heart disease." c. "I should drink alcohol because this prevents heart disease." d. "There is not much that can be done to prevent heart disease." e. "Obesity is a risk factor that I can change to reduce the onset of heart disease."
a. "I should stop smoking to reduce my risk of heart disease." e. "Obesity is a risk factor that I can change to reduce the onset of heart disease."
A patient experiencing acute pulmonary edema is prescribed morphine sulfate 2 to 5 mg IV as needed for pain and dyspnea. What action should the nurse take with this prescribed medication? a. Administer the drug as ordered, monitoring respiratory status b. Withhold the frug until the patient's respiratory status improves c. Question the order because no time intervals have been specified d. Administer the drug only when the patient complains of chest pain
a. Administer the drug as ordered, monitoring respiratory status
The nurse identifies that a patient has sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 45 bpm. What should the nurse do first? a. Assess mental status and blood pressure b. Prepare to administer intravenous atropine c. Assess peripheral pulses on all four extremities d. Determine if an apical-radial pulse deficit is present
a. Assess mental status and blood pressure
The nurse assess a patient's heart rate as being 50 beats per minute. How should the nurse document this finding? a. Bradycardia b. Tachycardia c. Hypotension d. Hypertension
a. Bradycardia
During the physical examination of the patient's abdomen, the nurse auscultates a blowing sound over the aorta. How should the nurse document this finding? a. Bruit b. Dysrhythmia c. Bigeminal pulse d. Hypokinetic pulse
a. Bruit
A patient's laboratory value indicates a low red blood cell count. What subjective data should the nurse expect to assess that is consistent with this data? a. Fatigue b. Nausea c. Chest pain d. Sore throat
a. Fatigue
A patient is diagnosed with left ventricular failure. Which findings should the nurse recognize as being consistent with this diagnosis? (Select all that apply) a. Fatigue b. Substernal chest pain during exercise c. 5cm jugular vein distention at 30 degrees d. Bilateral inspiratory crackles to midscapulae e. Complaints of shortness of breath with minimal exertion
a. Fatigue d. Bilateral inspiratory crackles to midscapulae e. Complaints of shortness of breath with minimal exertion
A patient is complaining of new onset calf and foot pain. The nurse notes that the leg below the knee is cool and pale and that dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses are absent. What should the nurse do first to help this patient? a. Notify the healthcare provider b. Prepare to initiate heparin therapy c. Position the leg flat, supported in anatomic position d. Place a cradle over the leg to prevent pressure from bedding
a. Notify the healthcare provider
The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's carotid arteries. Which techniques should the nurse use for this assessment? (Select all that apply) a. Palpate for pulse rate b. Inspect for pulsations c. Auscultate for rhythm d. Percuss for arterial wall density e. Palpate deeply for arterial wall integrity
a. Palpate for pulse rate b. Inspect for pulsations c. Auscultate for rhythm
The nurse is planning care for a patient with acute myocardial infarction. What goals should the nurse use to guide this patient's care? (Select all that apply) a. Relieve chest pain b. Prevent complications c. Reduce blood viscosity d. Decrease cardiac workload e. Reduce myocardial damage
a. Relieve chest pain b. Prevent complications d. Decrease cardiac workload e. Reduce myocardial damage
A patient is prescribed valsartan (Divan) for treatment of hypertension. What should the nurse include when teaching the patient about this medication? (Select all that apply) a. Report a persistent disruptive cough to your healthcare provider b. Use caution when rising from bed or chair to prevent dizziness c. Take the drug at bedtime to reduce the risk of falling due to lightheadedness d. Use a potassium-based salt substitute to prevent hypokalemia while taking this drug e. You may stop taking this drug once your blood pressure is within normal range for at least 2 months
a. Report a persistent disruptive cough to your healthcare provider b. Use caution when rising from bed or chair to prevent dizziness
1. A patient with heart failure has an ejection fraction of 25%. What does this information indicate to the nurse about the patient's health status? a. Ventricular function is severely impaired b. Cardiac output is greater than normal, which overtaxes the heart c. The amount of blood being ejected from the ventricle is within normal limits d. Twenty-five percent of the blood entering the ventricle remains in the ventricle after systole
a. Ventricular function is severely impaired
A patient whose blood pressure averages 180/106 mmHg on two different readings says to the nurse, "I don;t understand how it could be so high -I feel just fine." What response should the nurse make to this patient?" a. "This is probably just a false reading due to 'white coat syndrome'. Don;t worry about it." b. "High blood pressure often has a few or no symptoms; that why it is called the silent killer." c. "It is unusual that you are not having some symptoms such as severe headaches and nosebleeds" d. "You probably should have your blood pressure rechecked in 3 months or so and then follow up with your primary care provider if it is still high."
b. "High blood pressure often has a few or no symptoms; that why it is called the silent killer."
The nurse is caring for a patient undergoing pulmonary artery pressure monitoring. What should the nurse include when caring for this patient? (Select all that apply) a. Maintain flush solution flow by gravity b. Calibrate and level the system by gravity c. Secure the intravenous line to the bed linens d. Change tubing to the insertion site every 72 hours e. Report waveform dampening during wedge pressure measurements
b. Calibrate and level the system by gravity d. Change tubing to the insertion site every 72 hours
The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a patient admitted with acute chest pain. Which laboratory value should cause the nurse the most concern? a. AST 65 units/L b. Ck 320 UNITS/L c. Hematocrit 36% d. APTT 35 seconds
b. Ck 320 UNITS/L
1. A patient who is hemorrhaging has decreased preload. What physiological effects should the nurse expect to occur with this patient? a. Increased afterload b. Decreased cardiac output c. Decreased action potential d. Increased ejection fraction
b. Decreased cardiac output
A patient is being admitted for a low platelet count. Which finding should the nurse expect when conducting a physical assessment of this patient? a. Varicose veins b. Excessive bruising c. Enlarged lymph nodes d. Changes in pulse pressure
b. Excessive bruising
A patient is diagnosed with peripheral atherosclerosis. What should the nurse expect to assess in this patient? a. Pallor of the legs and feet when dependent b. Impaired sensation in the affected extremity c. Increased hair growth on the affected extremity d. Higher blood pressure readings in the affected extremity
b. Impaired sensation in the affected extremity
The nurse is determining nursing diagnoses appropriate for a patient scheduled for fibrinolytic therapy. Which nursing diagnosis would be a priority for this patient? a. Anxiety b. Ineffective Protection c. Risk for Powerlessness d. Ineffective Health Maintenance
b. Ineffective Protection
The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a coronary angioplasty with stent placement. Which intervention is a priority for the patient at this time? a. Securing chest tubes to bedding b. Maintaining leg extension on the affected side c. Discontinue intravenous lines when taking oral fluids d. Treating chest pain with intravenous morphine as needed
b. Maintaining leg extension on the affected side
The nurse determines that an older patient would benefit from interventions to address peripheral vascular resistance. What manifestations did the nurse assess in this patient? SATA a. Joint pain b. Sunken eyeballs c. Distant bowel sounds d. Elevated blood pressure e. Lower extremity fatigue
b. Sunken eyeballs d. Elevated blood pressure
The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient with a deep venous thrombosis. Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective? a. "I'll use a hard-backed, upright chair when sitting instead of my recliner." b. "I understand why I am not allowed to exercise for the next six weeks and will take it easy." c. "I'll get my blood drawn as scheduled and notify the doctor if I have any unusual bleeding or bruising." d. "I'll have my wife buy a low-cholesterol cookbook and we'll make an appointment with the dietician to learn about a low fat, low cholesterol diet."
c. "I'll get my blood drawn as scheduled and notify the doctor if I have any unusual bleeding or bruising."
A patient with visible varicose veins wants to have surgery to remove them because of leg pain. What would be the most appropriate response for the nurse to make to this patient? a. "Surgery will have a good cosmetic effect, but will not relieve the discomfort associated with varicose veins." b. "All varicose veins should be surgically removed to restore adequate blood flow to your legs and prevent gangrene." c. "Often measures such as elevating your legs and elastic stockings can relieve the discomfort associated with varicose veins." d. "Surgery is never indicated unless the varicose veins are interfering with circulation. Have you tried cosmetic measures to cover them up?"
c. "Often measures such as elevating your legs and elastic stockings can relieve the discomfort associated with varicose veins."
A patient considering heart valve replacement asks if a biologic or mechanical valve is better to use. How should the nurse respond to the patient? a. Biologic values tend to be more durable than mechanical valves b. The need to take drugs to prevent rejection of biologic tissue is a major consideration c. Clotting is a risk with mechanical valves, necessitating anticoagulant drug therapy after insertion d. Endocarditis is a risk following valve replacement that is more easily treated with mechanical valves
c. Clotting is a risk with mechanical valves, necessitating anticoagulant drug therapy after insertion
The nurse is caring for a patient with stable angina. Which assessment finding would be consistent with this medical diagnosis? a. Persistent ECG changes b. Increasing nocturnal pain c. Correlation between activity level and pain d. Evidence of impaired cardiac output such as weak peripheral pulses
c. Correlation between activity level and pain
The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's apical impulse. Which anatomical location should the nurse use to make this assessment? a. Right nipple line, any intercostal space b. Left substernal line, sixth intercostal space c. Left midclavicular line, fifth intercostal space d. Right midaxillary line, second intercostal space
c. Left midclavicular line, fifth intercostal space
A patient has been admitted with severe leg pain. The limb is cyanotic, cool to the touch, and peripheral pulses are absent. What should the nurse do first after this assessment. a. Document the findings b. Teach relaxation techniques c. Notify the physician immediately d. Ask how long the limb has been hurting
c. Notify the physician immediately
The nurse recognizes that a patient has developed secondary AV block, type II (Mobitz II). Which action should the nurse take at this time? a. Record the finding in the chart b. Places the patient in Fowler's position c. Prepare for temporary pacemaker insertion d. Administer a Class IB antidysrhythmic drug
c. Prepare for temporary pacemaker insertion
A patient is prescribed lovastatin (Mevacor) for hyperlipidemia. What should the nurse instruct the patient about this medication? a. Abstain from alcohol use while taking this drug b. Take the drug with meals to minimize gastric distress c. Promptly report muscle pain or tenderness to the physician d. Consume a diet that includes no more than 20& of calories from standard saturated fat
c. Promptly report muscle pain or tenderness to the physician
A patient admitted 24 hours previously with heart failure has lost 1kg (2.2 lb) of weight, has a heart rate of 88, which was 105 on admission, and now has crackles only in the bases of the lungs. How should the nurse interpret these assessment findings? a. More aggressive treatment is needed b. The patient's condition is unchanged from admission c. The treatment regimen is achieving the desired effect d. No further treatment is required at this time because the failure has resolved.
c. The treatment regimen is achieving the desired effect
The parents of a young athlete who collapsed and died due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ask how it is possible that their son had no symptoms of this disorder before experiencing sudden cardiac death. How should the nurse respond to the parents? a. "It is likely that your son had symptoms of the disorder before he died, but he may not have thought them important enough to tell someone about" b. "In this type of cardiomyopathy, the ventricle does not fill normally. During exercise, the heart may not be able to meet the body's needs for blood and oxygen." c. "Cardiomyopathy results in destruction and scarring of cardiac muscle cells. As a result, the ventricle may rupture during strenuous exercise, leading to sudden death d. "Exercise causes the heart to contract more forcefully, and can lead to changed in the heart's rhythm or the outflow of blood from the heart in people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy."
d. "Exercise causes the heart to contract more forcefully, and can lead to changed in the heart's rhythm or the outflow of blood from the heart in people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy."
The nurse instructs a patient about the DASH diet for blood pressure control. Which patient statement indicates that additional teaching is necessary? a. "I will enjoy having frozen yogurt as my bedtime snack on occasion." b. "Having a handful of nuts when the predinner 'munchies' hit is a good idea." c. "It will be a challenge to incorporate all those servings of fruits and vegetables into my diet." d. "I'm glad I can still eat as much as pasta s usual; I was afraid I would have to give up my weekly lasagna."
d. "I'm glad I can still eat as much as pasta s usual; I was afraid I would have to give up my weekly lasagna."
The nurse is preparing to assess a patient who is experiencing chest pain. Which question should the nurse asked to learn more information about the intensity of the pain? a. "Did the pain move into your left arm?" b. "Was the pain a pressure, burning, or tightness?" c. "Was your pain relieved by resting or worse when you were busy?" d. "On a scale of zero (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) what number is your pain?"
d. "On a scale of zero (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) what number is your pain?"
The nurse is caring for an 86-year-old patient with a newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm. What information should the nurse use to plan care for this patient? a. Surgery is indicated for type A aneurysms b. The risk of surgical repair is lower than the risk that the aneurysm will rupture c. Opening the abdomen for the surgical procedure greatly increases the risk of rupture d. A percutaneously inserted endovascular stent may be considered because of the patient's age
d. A percutaneously inserted endovascular stent may be considered because of the patient's age
The nurse is caring for a patient with lymphedema. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority for this patient? a. Elevate affected extremities at night b. Reinforce the importance of taking prescribed diuretics c. Assist to apply elastic compression stockings during the day d. Carefully dry and apply emollient lotion to affected extremities after bathing
d. Carefully dry and apply emollient lotion to affected extremities after bathing
The nurse is assessing heart sounds of a patient scheduled for mitral valve replacement surgery. Which sound should the nurse expect to auscultate in this patient? a. Cardiac heave b. Muffled heart sounds c. S3 and s4 heart sounds d. Diastolic murmur heard at the apex
d. Diastolic murmur heard at the apex
The nurse is caring for a patient with acute coronary syndrome. Which nursing diagnosis should be the priority for this patient? a. Anxiety related to unknown outcome of disorder b. Decreased CardIac Output related to myocardial ischemia c. Ineffective Health Maintenance related to lack of knowledge about coronary heart disease d. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion: Cardiopulmonary related to underlying coronary heart disease
d. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion: Cardiopulmonary related to underlying coronary heart disease
The nurse notes a granting heart sound when auscultating the apical pulse of a patient with pericarditis. What should the nurse do with this assessment data? a. Obtain an electrocardiogram b. Initiate resuscitation measures c. Immediately notify the physician d. Note the finding in the patient's medical record
d. Note the finding in the patient's medical record
The nurse is planning care for a patient with acute infective endocarditis. What would be an appropriate goal of nursing care for this patient? a. Resume usual activities within 1 week of treatment b. Relate the benign and self-limiting nature of the disease c. Consider cardiac transplantation as a viable treatment option d. State the importance of continuing intravenous antibiotic therapy as ordered
d. State the importance of continuing intravenous antibiotic therapy as ordered
