APUSH Multiple Choice Test Missed Questions

Beginning in the 16th century, Spanish colonizers imported increasing numbers of slaves from West Africa for all of the following reasons except...

In the half-century after 1518, European demand for tobacco increased dramatically.

Socially, much like the French, the Dutch were successful at which of the following?

Intermarriage with Native Americans.

Advocates of the ideals of the Enlightenment, such as those expressed in the previous excerpt, would have most likely agreed with which of the following movements?

Republicanism

The event expressed in the picture most clearly demonstrates the influence of which of the following?

Royal authority that tended to discount lower-class groups during the 17th century.

The basic concern voiced in the above excerpt is with the conduct of which of the following?

Royal government

Which of the following was the primary reason for Hamilton's call for African American soldiers?

The British were recruiting African Americans.

The Cahokia were most like which of the following Native American Nations?

The Cahokia were much like other American Indian nations on the eastern seaboard.

Unlike previous attempts to unify British North American colonies (the Dominion of New England, the Albany Plan), the Declaration of Rights and Grievances was different in that it

Threatened a foundation of the British economy by cutting off exports to England.

As the United States expanded westward, which of the following was the most significant departure from government toward American Indians?

The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887.

Which of the following contributed most directly to the fears espoused by Joseph McCarthy in the previous speech? A. The Cuban Missile Crisis B. The fall of China to communism C. The creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization D. The conclusion of the Vietnam conflict

B. In 1949, which China "fell" to communism, a lot of people in the government questioned, "Who lost China?" The fact that an ally of the United States from World War II became a communist state within four years after the end of the war puzzled a lot of Americans and created a fear that communism was spreading quickly. Senator McCarthy was able to exploit this fear in his bid for re-election to the U.S. Senate.

What city is Winthrop referring to as the "City upon a Hill"?

Boston

Perhaps the most influential and successful group to convert natives in the New World were the

Catholic Jesuits.

Which of the following groups would most likely support the main concepts of the Mayflower compact?

Delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1787.

Which of the following was a direct British response to the Colonial views expressed by the Stamp Act Congress?

Declaratory Act stating the right to tax

Which of the following *best* describes the perspective of Captain John Smith? A. Powhatan and his followers were a backward people. B. Europeans unfairly looked down on Indians. C. Indians lacked the vices of the more technologically advanced Europeans. D. Indian women were the dominant force in their society.

A. From the perspective of Captain John Smith, Powhatan and his followers were a backward people. Smith sees the Indians as "barbarous." They wear animal skins and paint, and are cruelly ready to execute Smith. The fact that Powhatan makes his own clothes and tools would lead Smith to see this as a primitive society.

In this passage, (Martin Luther) King (Jr.) points out which of the following? A. A contradiction between American ideals and American practice B. A need to create new American ideals C. The superiority of African-American values D. The futility of hoping for change

A. In this passage, King points out a contradiction between American ideals and American practice caused by racial discrimination. Invoking the Declaration of Independence and Constitution of the United States, King in this speech called for all Americans, regardless of their color, to enjoy the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

The major theories expressed in the previous Articles were used in justifying which of the following concepts a few years after the ratification of the Constitution? A. The idea that states had the right to declare federal laws unconstitutional, as in the case of the Alien and Sedition Acts B. The rejection of a federal excise tax passed by the federal government C. The desire for certain states to declare war on a foreign country without the consent of the federal government D. The expectations of different states to make their own treaties with American Indian nations

A. The Articles of Confederation granted the 13 original states a lot of autonomy. After the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, several states believed that the way the new document was worded still granted the various states a lot of autonomy when it came to federal law-this was illustrated in 1798 by the publication of the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, which indicated that states had the authority to declare unjust federal law unconstitutional.

Which of the following 19th-century events is most similar to the incidents depicted in the previous illustration? A. Forced migration of American Indians to the Indian Territory B. The government policy of forced settlement of American Indians on reservations C. Purposely exposing American Indians to disease in treaty settlements D. Indiscriminate killing of unarmed American Indians on reservations

A. The Europeans settled and interacted with the native population in the Western Hemisphere, resulting in the unintended deaths of perhaps millions of natives. The forced migration of American Indians during the 1830s to "Indian Territory" (now Oklahoma) resulted in the unintended deaths of thousands of American Indians. The American government never did anything to try to stop the deaths or forced migration.

The main idea expressed in the excerpt was also expressed in which of the following? A. The debate over the nullification of the Tariff in 1832-1833 B. The demands made by Federalists in Hartford (1814) C. The debate over the admission of Missouri as a state in 1819-1820 D. The ideals expressed at the Constitutional Convention in 1787

A. The debate over nullification of the Tariff of 1832 in South Carolina was similar in that South Carolinians believed that their rights were being violated under the Compact Theory, which gave a state the right to nullify a federal law or secede from the Union.

Which of the following best describes Alan Taylor's analysis of early American colonial settlement? A. The development of a republican form of government B. The evolution of a hierarchical social structure C. The progression of economic development in the middle Atlantic colonies D. The integration of a system of economics and politics in the English colonies

A. The idea expressed in this excerpt best describes how a republican form of government began to develop in the British North American colonies.

Which of the following policies influenced the founding fathers' desire to create a government that encouraged the structure outlined in the Articles of Confederation? A. Reinstatement of the Navigation Acts that placed economic restrictions on the American colonists B. The rejection of the Albany Plan of Union as proposed at the outbreak of the French and Indian War C. The passage of the Townsend Act by the British Parliament D. The adoption of the Olive Branch petition

A. The reinstatement of the Navigation Acts after the French and Indian War was harmful to the American economy in the years 1763 to 1775, partially as the colonists learned how to master smuggling. Americans, from their perspective, were forced to trade through Britain only. This reinforcement of these restrictive acts attempted to cut off the lucrative trade America had with the Dutch and the French Caribbean colonies.

Unlike previous attempts to unify British North American colonies, the "Declaration of Rights and Grievances" was different in that it A. placed all blame for the issues faced by the colonists on the King B. threatened a foundation of the British economy by cutting off exports to England C. was the idea of Parliament to create the Congress D. was unanimously endorsed by colonial leaders

B. Based on the demands of the First Continental Congress, the Americans promised not to import British goods, purchase or use British goods, or export goods to England to be processed in their factories. This would have harmed the English economy to an extent.

Which of the following best describes the change in American politics between 1798 and 1816? A. The members of the Democrat-Republican Party became stalwarts of free trade, changing from their initial position of strict trade regulation. B. The Federalist Party supported the concepts of states' rights versus a strong central government. C. The Whig Party emerged as a plausible third-party choice. D. The Federalists advocated an expansionist philosophy, hoping to spread their political ideas westward.

B. In its Hartford Convention statement, the Federalist Party, initially a political party that supported the concept of a strong central government, alluded to the concepts of the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions of 1798. The party feared that a strong central government led by the Democrat-Republicans would marginalize the influence of the Federalists.

The main issues represented in this political cartoon could be applied to which 20th-century social issue? A. Immigration quotas from the 1920s B. School segregation issues in the 1950s C. The formation of NAFTA in the 1990s D. Poll taxes in the 1960s

B. School segregation was a major civil rights issue in the 1950s. States believed they had the right to determine where children attended school and what groups attended which schools. In the South, it was believed to be a states' rights issue to provide "separate but equal" education for African-American and white children. The Supreme Court case, "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas," determined otherwise.

Which of the groups from the late 19th century would have supported the Populist Party? A. Industrialists B. Factory workers C. Agrarian workers D. Middle-class city inhabitants

C. Agrarian workers, or farmers, would have supported the Populist Party. The core of Populists was represented by the Grange and the Farmer's Alliances from the 1870s and 1880s.

Which of the following 21st century issues represents a continuation of the political problems that were relevant in the 1950s? A. Fear of economic recession B. Potential loss of individual civil liberties C. Fear of loss of a free press D. Fear of invasion

B. The loss of basic civil liberties-free speech and freedom of expression, for example-was a fear during the Red Scare of the 1950s and post-9/11 America, especially after the passage of the Patriot Act in 2001. There was a fear that the government would spy on select groups of American people and keep records of what people read and with whom they associated.

The message of the cartoon for Americans can *best* be compared to which of the following? A. The environmental movement of the 1970s B. The boycotts of British goods in the 1760s and 1770s C. Abolitionism in the nineteenth century D. Consumerism in the 1950s

B. The message of the cartoon can be best compared to the boycotts of British goods in the 1760s and 1770s. In both cases, Americans were asked to give up goods and make sacrifices to help further a larger cause. In the 1760s and 1770s Americans gave up British goods to exert pressure on British policymakers. In World War II, Americans made sure most metals went to war production to ensure the defeat of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan.

Which of the following sociopolitical leaders and their associated institution of the African-American community emerged during the time of the Great Migration? A. Booker T. Washington and the Tuskegee Institute B. W.E.B. DuBois and the Niagara Movement C. Marcus Garvey and the United Negro Improvement Association D. Wendell P. Dabney and "The Union"

B. W.E.B. DuBois emerged as a new, if somewhat controversial, leader of the African-American community in the early 20th century. He was the first African American to graduate from Harvard and the first to earn a PhD from Harvard. He founded the Niagara Movement in 1905. The movement was a national organization that supported political, civil, and social equality for African Americans.

(Thomas) Nast's journalistic perspective can *best* be compared to which of the following? A. Progressive muckrakers exposing the business practices of the Standard Oil Company B. Yellow journalists during the period of the Spanish-American War C. Reporters investigating President Richard M. Nixon during the Watergate scandal D. Newspaper coverage of World War II

C. (Thomas) Nast's journalistic perspective can best be compared to reporters investigating President Richard M. Nixon during the Watergate scandal. Nixon, like (William M.) Tweed, was accused of misusing his office. As with Nast, reporters like Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein of the *Washington Post* played a key role in exposing a political leader's wrongdoing.

At the establishment of the Atlantic World, one major impact of the events portrayed in the illustration was A. the development of indentured servitude, bringing cheap labor into the tobacco plantations in British North America B. the widespread practice of kidnapping American Indians to use as forced labor C. the increased importation of people from Africa to use as slave labor D. the call for more immigration to the New World by the European colonizers

C. At first, Europeans tried to use local Native Americans as slaves. But as thousands died because of infectious disease, the Europeans began to import slave labor from Africa. Africans survived longer from infectious disease than the Native Americans. However, the intense labor often led to a relatively short life expectancy once the slaves arrived in the New World.

Which of the following statements is most accurate for the 18th century after the ratification of the U.S. Constitution? A. American overseas trade grew without foreign interference. B. Agreements were made between the United States and foreign countries regarding borders between the United States and European North American colonies. C. The United States found it easier to make treaties with European powers. D. Threats of war between European nations and the United States ended.

C. Before the ratification of the Constitution, the United States found it difficult to sign a treaty with a European power, as evidenced by the failure of the Spanish to come to an agreement in the Jay-Gardoqui Treaty. However, in the 1790s, the United States signed two important treaties-one with Great Britain and one with Spain.

Which of the following movements most likely inspired the ideals set forth in President Johnson's Great Society speech? A. The New Frontier B. The Fair Deal C. The New Deal D. The Progressive Era

C. Historians have identified Lyndon Johnson's Great Society as the continuation or attempt at completion of ideas established during the New Deal by the Franklin Roosevelt administration.

In the context of this story, Pocahontas can *best* be compared to which of the following women? A. Susan B. Anthony B. Sally Ride C. Jane Addams D. Amelia Earhart

C. In the context of this story, the peace-making Pocahontas can best be compared to Jane Addams. In addition to being a founder of Hull House in Chicago and a pioneering social worker, Addams was also a vocal peace activist. Addams was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.

A historical event similar to that encouraged by the previous flyer is A. the Middle Passage of the 17th and 18th centuries B. the Great Migration of Puritans in the early 17th century C. the Great Migration of African Americans in the early 20th century D. the migration along the Trail of Tears in the 19th century

C. In the years surrounding World War I, thousands of African Americans migrated from the South to northern cities to work in the factories that were looking for cheap labor. The African-American population in cities such as Chicago, Detroit, and Philadelphia increased dramatically at this time.

Which of the following 19th-century political groups would agree with the analysis offered by Alan Taylor in regard to themselves? A. Jeffersonian Republicans B. 1830s/1840s Whigs C. Jacksonian Democrats D. Know-Nothings

C. Jacksonian Democrats believed themselves to be the representative of the "common man"-political leadership should be based on hard work and ability, not through being well-born and wealthy.

The cartoon refers to which historical event? A. The boycott by Americans of British goods in events leading to the American Revolution B. The smuggling of contraband into America during the French and Indian War C. The reaction of New England to the passage of a "no trade" law D. American reaction to the writs of assistance

C. New England merchants protested the passage of the Embargo Act of 1807 because the New England economy greatly depended upon trade, especially with Great Britain. The Jefferson administration had passed the law to force Britain to stop the practice of impressment against American merchant ships and sailors. This law failed.

Before encountering the Europeans in the late 15th century, American Indian nations on the Atlantic coast developed what type of settlements? A. The eastern Indians tended to be nomadic, following the growing season of the various crops they depended upon for survival. B. The different Indian nations developed trade agreements to provide necessary resources for all on the Atlantic coast. C. The northeast Indian nations' economic systems tended to be based on hunting and gathering, and they were sedentary. D. The settlements were small and relatively unorganized; small family groups depended on each other for survival through a combination of nomadic hunting practices and the development of agriculture.

C. The Indian nations of what became the northeastern United States were highly organized and were sedentary as they had developed a productive agricultural system, plus they supplemented their diet with fish and other local animal life.

Which of the following best describes the sectional strains that resulted from events such as those illustrated in the cartoon? A. Immediate demands for secession from the Union were made by Southern states unless economic restrictions on trade were not lifted. B. Threats to establish an independent western republic were made over free trade issues. C. A meeting of representatives from the five New England states demanded several changes to the U.S. Constitution and an immediate halt to a war. D. Several northeastern states began to consider secession and join the Canadian confederation.

C. The result of the events begun by the Embargo of 1807, which eventually prompted American involvement in the War of 1812, led to the Hartford Convention in December 1814. The five New England states met and discussed several issues and ultimately issued several demands, which included never-ratified amendments to the U.S. Constitution and an immediate demand to withdrawal from the war with Great Britain.

Which of the following regionally based economic systems started to develop in the late 17th century? A. A society based on yeoman farming B. An agricultural economy based on indentured servitude C. An economy based on cereal grain crops D. A plantation system based on involuntary bondage

D. Beginning in the mid-17th century, a slave-based plantation system developed as well as a representative form of government in the colonies (and then state) of Maryland.

Which of the following actions by the federal government was most influenced by the Populist Party platform? A. Passage of immigration quotas B. The breakup of monopolies like the telephone corporation C. Government control of the communications industry D. Passage of the income tax and direct election of senators amendments

D. In 1913, two of the demands of the Populists were met. The Sixteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution called for a graduated income tax, and the Seventeenth Amendment required that all U.S. senators be elected by the people of the state they would represent.

Which of the following most closely resembles Jefferson's policy? A. The Open Door in China B. The Good Neighbor Policy with South America C. Manifest Destiny of the 1840s D. Neutrality Laws of the 1930s

D. The Neutrality Laws of the 1930s most closely resemble Jefferson's policy. These laws also regulated American trade to achieve foreign policy objectives. The authors of the Neutrality Laws hoped to keep the United States out of another war by avoiding the conditions that led to American involvement in World War I. The Neutrality Laws stated that once the president recognized the existence of a foreign war, Americans could not make loans to or sell munitions to warring powers, or take passage on belligerent ships.

Which of the following reactions was similar to the immediate reaction by many Northerners after the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation? A. National reaction to the Sedition Acts of 1917 and 1918 B. National reaction to the Immigration Acts of 1921, 1924, and 1929 C. Western reaction to the ruling of "Korematsu v. U.S." in 1944 D. Southern reaction to the ruling of "Brown v. Board of Education" in 1954

D. The ruling of "Brown v. Board of Education" in 1954 was met with severe reaction in the South, although the Supreme Court used the basis of the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. Similarly, the Emancipation Proclamation was met with a negative reaction in the North during the Civil War, as many Northerners were willing to fight to preserve the Union but not to free the slaves.

Which of the following leaders from an earlier period represented a group in a similar situation as cited in this excerpt?

Nathaniel Bacon

To what group of people was John Winthrop speaking?

Puritans

Which of the following policies influenced the founding fathers' desire to create a government that encouraged the structure outlined in the Articles of Confederation?

Reinstatement of the Navigation Acts that place economic restrictions on the American colonists.

Which of the rights in the excerpt is expressed in a way that would today be considered a limitation of individual rights?

Section 6: right to vote

The ideals expressed in the previous excerpt would have a positive effect on the American colonies through which of the following events?

The Glorious Revolution.

The resolution of the Stamp Act Congress expressed respect for which person or group?

The King

Which of the following statements is most accurate for the 18th century after the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?

The United States found it easier to make treaties with European powers.

The major cause of Bacon's Rebellion was competing perceptions power in 17th century Virginia. Which of the following best describes the differing perceptions?

The difference in political power between the eastern plantation owners and the new settlers in the west, with the advantage going to the plantation owners the east.

Which of the following had a profound effect on the growth of agriculture in the New World?

The horses, cattle, sheep, goats that came from the Old to the New World.

Which of the following events from early British North American colonial history would reflect the sentiments of the previous quote?

The ideas expressed by Anne Hutchinson.

Which of the following best characterizes the overall approach of English settlers to new England Indians in the 17th century?

The settlers wanted the land the Indians possessed and pursued a policy of conquest against many tribes.

As the United States began to occupy the region west of the Appalachian Mountains, which of the following developed as the most significant issue to impact the country in the late eighteenth century?

The settlers' desire for free navigation of the Mississippi River.

Based on the excerpt, which of the following best describes King George's view of the colonists?

They always planned to revolt.

The group most likely to oppose the ideas expressed in this excerpt would have been

Tories such as William Franklin

Which of the following factors best explains why Native American efforts to unite or rare?

Tribes had traditions of independence.

As a stipulation of the treaty, according to Article VI, America

agreed to consume the debts of its citizens and pay the British for compliance with terms of the treaty.

In the years following the treaty,

relations began to deteriorate between the United States and Britain because Britain failed to follow through with its commitments of the Treaty.