APUSH- Unit 1 Test

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three g's

God, gold, glory

located along the northern atlantic coast, the great lakes, and st lawrence river

algonquin

social hierarchy based on race

casta system

man who condemned early spanish cruelty and murder of american indians

de las casas

used to determine latitude by measuring the altitude of celestial bodies

geometric quadrant, mariner's astrolabe

micah 6:8

He has shown you, O mortal, what is good. And what does the Lord require of you?To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly[a] with your God.

explored brazil

amerigo vespucci

resulted in violence against american indians on the frontier; over taxation issues

bacon's rebellion

writings led to an exaggerated view advanced by protestant countries that only spain "killed for Christ", enslaved indians, stole gold, infected them with diseases, etc

black legend

what was the main source of food on the great plains?

buffalo

stimulant crops

coffee, cocoa, tobacco

what was the europeans' conversion tactic?

convert or die

what foods led to an improved diet?

corn, beans, tomatoes, potatoes

runners of the woods

coureurs de bois

spanish man and indian/african woman

creoles

american indians were forced to do unpaid labor to build roads, buildings, and other structures in towns

encomienda system

what deeply intensified warfare among american indians?

european weapons

jamestown is initially a...?

failure

what did american indians gain from beaver trade?

firearms, alcohol, pots, glass beads

defeated the inca

francisco pizarro

who was most successful in creating an effective trading relationship with indians?

french

mayans were known for...?

gold

what gave jamestown its success? under whom?

growth of tobacco; john rolfe

conquered the aztecs

herman cortes

where did portugal establish trade stations?

india, africa, china, east indies

native americans that built a strong military confederation

iroquois

catholic missionaries sought to convert indians and save them from fur trappers

jesuits

1675; longest and bloodiest conflict between settlers and natives in 17th century, native wampanoags under king phillip resisted england encroachment on their land, they killed many settlers in mass, english joined with mohawks to defeat them

king philip's war

belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism

mercantilism

aztecs in mexico and mayans in Yucatán developed advance agricultural techniques based primarily on corn

mesoamerica

indian and spanish children

mestizos

spanish fathers and indian mothers

mestizos

children of french males and american indian women

metis

franciscans founded this in new mexico in 17th century

mission system

Iroquois attacked neighboring tribes to replace lost due to war or disease or to avenge the loss of husbands

mourning wars

spanish fathers and african mothers

mulatto

new european weapons

musket/canon, modern tactics, disease alcohol

in native american societies, women...?

owned property

haven for quakers

pennsylvania

santa fe, nm; pueblo rebelled against spanish rule in nm and expelled them for over ten years

pope's rebellion

who was the first country to introduce african slavery in the new world?

portugal

villages where new england indians who converted to Christianity were gathered

praying towns

"father of new france"; established quebec

samuel de champlain

which settlement becomes a major cattle export?

santa fe

most north american indians had a ______________ lifestyle

semi-sedentary

incas were known for...?

silver

disease that dramatically weakened aztec strength

small pox

what two nations did the pope divide land between?

spain and portugal

the four european countries that dominated america

spain, portugal, france, england

levels of casta system (in order)

spanish, creoles, american indians, african

oldest european settlement in north america; purpose was to keep france out of spanish territory

st. augustine

set the boundary established in 1493 to define spanish and portuguese possessions in the americas

treaty of tordesillas

horsemen and cattle herders

vaqueros

first thanksgiving was held between...?

wampanoags and pilgrims

what was the beginning of slave trade?

when cotton took over tobacco as cash crop

led a rebellion in 1715 against advancing settlers and corrupt traders from charleston who captured and sold indians into slavery in barbados

yamasee

children of africans and american indians

zambo


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