APUSH- Unit 1 Test
three g's
God, gold, glory
located along the northern atlantic coast, the great lakes, and st lawrence river
algonquin
social hierarchy based on race
casta system
man who condemned early spanish cruelty and murder of american indians
de las casas
used to determine latitude by measuring the altitude of celestial bodies
geometric quadrant, mariner's astrolabe
micah 6:8
He has shown you, O mortal, what is good. And what does the Lord require of you?To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly[a] with your God.
explored brazil
amerigo vespucci
resulted in violence against american indians on the frontier; over taxation issues
bacon's rebellion
writings led to an exaggerated view advanced by protestant countries that only spain "killed for Christ", enslaved indians, stole gold, infected them with diseases, etc
black legend
what was the main source of food on the great plains?
buffalo
stimulant crops
coffee, cocoa, tobacco
what was the europeans' conversion tactic?
convert or die
what foods led to an improved diet?
corn, beans, tomatoes, potatoes
runners of the woods
coureurs de bois
spanish man and indian/african woman
creoles
american indians were forced to do unpaid labor to build roads, buildings, and other structures in towns
encomienda system
what deeply intensified warfare among american indians?
european weapons
jamestown is initially a...?
failure
what did american indians gain from beaver trade?
firearms, alcohol, pots, glass beads
defeated the inca
francisco pizarro
who was most successful in creating an effective trading relationship with indians?
french
mayans were known for...?
gold
what gave jamestown its success? under whom?
growth of tobacco; john rolfe
conquered the aztecs
herman cortes
where did portugal establish trade stations?
india, africa, china, east indies
native americans that built a strong military confederation
iroquois
catholic missionaries sought to convert indians and save them from fur trappers
jesuits
1675; longest and bloodiest conflict between settlers and natives in 17th century, native wampanoags under king phillip resisted england encroachment on their land, they killed many settlers in mass, english joined with mohawks to defeat them
king philip's war
belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism
mercantilism
aztecs in mexico and mayans in Yucatán developed advance agricultural techniques based primarily on corn
mesoamerica
indian and spanish children
mestizos
spanish fathers and indian mothers
mestizos
children of french males and american indian women
metis
franciscans founded this in new mexico in 17th century
mission system
Iroquois attacked neighboring tribes to replace lost due to war or disease or to avenge the loss of husbands
mourning wars
spanish fathers and african mothers
mulatto
new european weapons
musket/canon, modern tactics, disease alcohol
in native american societies, women...?
owned property
haven for quakers
pennsylvania
santa fe, nm; pueblo rebelled against spanish rule in nm and expelled them for over ten years
pope's rebellion
who was the first country to introduce african slavery in the new world?
portugal
villages where new england indians who converted to Christianity were gathered
praying towns
"father of new france"; established quebec
samuel de champlain
which settlement becomes a major cattle export?
santa fe
most north american indians had a ______________ lifestyle
semi-sedentary
incas were known for...?
silver
disease that dramatically weakened aztec strength
small pox
what two nations did the pope divide land between?
spain and portugal
the four european countries that dominated america
spain, portugal, france, england
levels of casta system (in order)
spanish, creoles, american indians, african
oldest european settlement in north america; purpose was to keep france out of spanish territory
st. augustine
set the boundary established in 1493 to define spanish and portuguese possessions in the americas
treaty of tordesillas
horsemen and cattle herders
vaqueros
first thanksgiving was held between...?
wampanoags and pilgrims
what was the beginning of slave trade?
when cotton took over tobacco as cash crop
led a rebellion in 1715 against advancing settlers and corrupt traders from charleston who captured and sold indians into slavery in barbados
yamasee
children of africans and american indians
zambo