apwh answers

Which of the following developments during the Second World War would Franck most likely have cited as evidence to support his arguments in the passage?

Allied firebombing in Germany and Japan had caused massive devastation and civilian casualties, and atomic weapons were vastly more powerful than those used in firebombing.

a city located on the western coast of Arabia along the Red SeaPamphlet published by the British Indian War Department, 1915. The pamphlet was translated and distributed in cities and towns in India. Which of the following best explains why the British government felt the need to distribute the pamphlet?

British authorities were concerned that going to war against a Muslim country could fuel anti-imperialist protests among India's large Muslim population.

Which of the following arguments would a supporter of using nuclear weapons against Japan have most likely cited to explain the limitations of Franck's arguments in the first and second paragraphs?

Japanese government propaganda instilled fierce, suicidal nationalism in the Japanese population, making Japan unlikely to surrender unconditionally without experiencing the effects of nuclear weapons.

Which of the following true statements about the Netherlands best explains how the newspaper's national origin likely influenced the view of Germany expressed in the editorial?

The Netherlands, by remaining neutral during the war, profited significantly from helping Germany evade the Entente's naval blockade.

The declaration's mention of a "heavy toll" in the third paragraph was most likely a reference to which of the following?

The deaths that occurred during the Holocaust

Which of the following was the most important factor behind Europeans' readiness to embrace authoritarian political systems in the 1930s?

The economic crisis caused by the Great Depression

Which of the following accurately explains the historical significance of the harsh conditions imposed on Germany that the editorial describes?

They encouraged the rise of political extremism in Germany.

Which of the following best describes the likely intent of the poster?

To build support for centrally directed economic modernization programs in the Soviet Union

The mention of "President Wilson's principles" is most directly significant to understanding the editorial's point of view about the Treaty of Versailles because of the United States president's commitment to

broker a peace agreement on liberal principles that would not be motivated by revenge

The differences in the passages above are most likely a result of which of the following?

Demilitarization imposed by the United States after the Second World War

Contemporaries who agreed with Franck's argument in the second and third paragraphs regarding the need for an international agreement would most likely have made which of the following arguments to support their position?

The end of the war would probably lead to a new rivalry between the victorious states.

Shigenobu's criticism of European race-based discrimination against Japanese people is significant mostly because it shows that advocates of Japanese imperialism

adopted the European attitudes about a "civilizing mission" and used those attitudes to justify Japan's own imperial policies

In the mid-twentieth century, which of the following was a similarity between the approaches of China and the Soviet Union in managing their respective economies?

Direct intervention in their economies to speed the process of industrialization

The figures are from a report of the Togo colonial government to the Ministry of Colonies in Paris.The table best supports which of the following conclusions?

European powers maintained colonies despite global war and economic depression.

Source 1"German wartime propaganda [during the First World War] has been criticized on many different grounds, but its success in blaming the war on Russia was a masterstroke, mobilizing widespread Russophobia in the working classes, the people most opposed to armed conflict, and playing on the threat of invasion. As [a daily newspaper in Berlin] told its readers, 'the German people may honestly say once more in this hour that it did not want this war. . . . But it will not allow the soil of the Fatherland to be overrun and devastated by Russian regiments.' The brief occupation of East Prussian territory by Russian units at the end of August fanned fears of the so-called 'blood Tsar' and his 'Cossack hordes' further. Exaggerated atrocity stories appeared in the press and were given credibility by the letters of men serving [at the front].Under such circumstances, it was hardly surprising that men of all classes decided that it was their patriotic duty to fight. . . . [I]n Germany, surrounded on all sides by enemies, the rush to volunteer was immediate and spontaneous. With no official encouragement, 260,672 enlistment requests were received in Prussia alone during the first week of mobilization. . . . Moreover, contrary to the usual claim [made by historians] that volunteers were 'war-enthused' students or schoolchildren, examination of muster rolls [lists of new recruits] and letters demonstrates that a broad cross-section of urban society enlisted, mainly for reasons of patriotic self-defense."Alexander Watson, British historian, Enduring the Great War, 2008Source 2"In Britain, the interpretation of what constituted sensitive military news and should therefore be suppressed was broad, but censorship was handled far less obtrusively [than in Germany]. Essentially, the British system consisted of a close control of news at the source by military authorities, combined with a tight-knit group of 'press lords' who . . . decided what was 'good for the country to know.' Important losses or battles often went completely unmentioned. When the [British] battleship Audacious was sunk by a mine on 27 October 1914 off the Irish coast, the loss was simply never announced. When the Battle of Jutland [a major naval engagement between British and German fleets] was under way, not one civilian knew about it.[Even when official censorship sometimes foundered], the press willingly censored itself. Why did British journalists cooperate so willingly in suppressing important news? The obvious answer is that they all belonged to the same club, whose membership also included the most powerful politicians. Publishing a casualty list (or a letter from a wounded corporal about military bungling) would have meant expulsion from the club; social ostracism apparently meant more to the newsmen than their professional duty to inform the public. The government also possessed positive incentives. In addition to breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner, and golf weekends in the company of the powerful, knighthoods and lordships were generously distributed among the press and, finally, prestigious posts in government itself.Alice Goldfarb Marquis, United States historian, "Words as Weapons: Propaganda in Britain and Germany during the First World War," article published in an academic journal, 1978Watson, in the first paragraph of Source 1, uses the newspaper quote to support the claim that

German propaganda portrayed the conflict with Russia as a defensive war

Which of the following best supports the contention that the First World War was the first total war?

Governments mobilized large segments of their populations and economies and targeted their opponents' military and economic capabilities.

A historian researching the motives of the perpetrators of the Holocaust would find which of the following sources most useful?

Letters and publications written by Nazi leaders before the Second World War

Which of the following most directly explains the Nazis' ability to carry out the policies of extermination shown in the image?

Local populations collaborated with the regime either out of racial prejudice, fear, or hopes for material gain.

The image can best help explain which of the following differences between the Nazi program of genocide and other acts of genocide in the early twentieth century?

The Nazis industrialized the killing process, allowing them to commit murder on a massive scale.

Based on the passage, it can be inferred that Mazower might also support which of the following assertions?

The Nazis' rigidly ideological approach to empire building prevented them from consolidating their control of continental Europe.

The implementation of the policies of extermination shown in the image is most directly explained by which of the following aspects of Nazi ideology?

The idea that minority populations within Germany were somehow responsible for its defeat during the First World War

In Poem 2, the reference to Indian victories on battlefields is best understood in the context of which of the following?

The mobilization of Indian troops to fight in Great Britain's wars