ART Appreciation Exam 2

What materials did the American artist Jane Frank use in order to create her mixed-media painting Frazer's Hog Cay #18?

-oil paint -sand and stones

Which of the following define how different papers are classified?

-surface texture -fiber content -weight

What does this fourteenth-century ink drawing by the Chinese artist Wu Zhen represent? Leaf from an album of bamboo drawings. With calligraphy.

-the balance of opposing forces -a guide for learning the art of brushwork

Which, if any, of the following were used by Italian Renaissance artists to draw with?

-tin -silver -lead -copper

Why do artists draw?

-to resolve design issues -to plan larger projects -to record visual observations -to define ideas -to create finished works of art

Why do artists create contour drawings?

-to sharpen hand-eye coordination -to gain intimate understanding of form -to increase sensitivity to essential detail

Historically, artists have most commonly drawn with silverpoint on what surface(s)?

-wood primed with bone ash -colored paper

Why did Ralph M. Larmann use acrylics for his painting Coalopolis?

because acrylic is derived from contemporary manufacturing processes

Paint in its most basic form is made out of what components?

binder and pigment

grisaille

black and white from the French for turning gray also used for entire artworks

How were the two spotted horses painted onto the cave wall at Pech Merle? Cave painting in southern France

blowing

Painting onto a freshly plastered surface before the plaster sets.

buon fresco

When creating a mural, the design is often transferred onto the wall by perforating a large preparatory drawing with small pinholes through which charcoal powder is then forced. What is this type of drawing known as?

cartoon

What artistic medium can be defined as the depiction of shapes and forms on a surface, primarily by means of lines?

drawing

Artists from which of these periods and cultures are particularly associated with fresco painting?

early twentieth-century Mexico Renaissance Italy Minoan Crete

all the identical copies created during a single printing form the...

edition

What is the name for the semi-transparent painting medium that was used by the ancient Greeks and Romans?

encaustic

Artist printmakers always create their own prints entirely by themselves, otherwise they are not regarded as original works of art.

false

In a pen-and-ink drawing, the only way to vary the width of the lines is to use a different width of nib.

false

Recent studies of the spotted horse paintings at Pech Merle have led researchers to believe that most of the artists involved in this work were male.

false

The lithographic process was devised in 1796 by a printer looking for an easier way to combine text and images on the same page.

false

The only way for an artist to create stencils for silkscreen printing is to draw the design by hand, either onto a template which is then perforated, or directly onto the screen using a kind of thick glue.

false

The primary reasons for an artist choosing a particular printing technique are cost and the availability of equipment and materials.

false

Encaustic portraits from Roman Egypt are often known by what name?

fayum portraits

What are some of the unique characteristics of oil paint?

flexible slow drying transparent

Painting onto set plaster that has been moistened to aid absorbency.

fresco secco

In his acrylic painting Coalopolis, Ralph M. Larmann employs a technique used by Jan van Eyck and other early oil painters in which thin transparent layers of color are applied on top of each other to lend the image a strange glow. What is this process called?

glaze

What is the name of the American artist who was the first printmaker to succeed in mastering the process of collagraphy?

glen alps

In some Islamic artistic traditions, it was common for egg tempera to be used in conjunction with what precious material?

gold leaf

verdaccio

good contrasts for flesh tones green from the Italian for green

Which characteristic technique of oil painting involves the application of paint in thick, textured layers in order to give a three-dimensional presence to an artwork?

impasto

What form do the oldest examples of printing from crafted matrixes take?

impressions from cylindrical incised stones on clay

printing process where the inked image is lower than the surface of the printing plate

intaglio

An American artist was one of the first leading female practitioners of mixed-media painting. Who was she?

jane frank

ultramarine

lapis lazuli Afghanistan blue

printing process where the image is created on a flat, unmarred surface using oil-based inks that react to water

lithography

Where an artist prints from a conventionally created plate, but inks or otherwise modifies each impression in a unique way, the resulting artwork is known as a

monoprint

An image printed from a polished plate on which the artist makes no permanent marks but creates the design in ink or a similar medium, so that only one impression is possible, is called a

monotype

Which, if any, of these are prints created using a planographic process?

monotype lithograph serigraph

How were oil paints traditionally stored and transported, and what was the new method invented by the American artist John G. Rand in the nineteenth century?

new method of storing oil paints: in metal tubes traditional method of storing oil paints: in pig bladders

Which binding agent is used in each of these different types of painting medium?

oil paint: linseed oil watercolor: honey, gum arabic acrylic: polymer resin fresco: plaster tempera: egg yolk encaustic: beeswax

The nature of encaustic means that it must be used quickly. What tools or methods can be employed to apply it?

palette knives brushes rags pouring

The late nineteenth-century French artist Edgar Degas was a master at re-creating the effects of light and color seen in nature using what medium?

pastel

Fresco painting involves painting on what kind of support material?

plaster

When printing in color, the process of aligning the different plates so that all the colors print perfectly is called the

registration

printing process where the inked image is higher than the non-printing areas

relief

Artists have been attracted to silkscreen printing on account of what particular attribute(s) of the process?

right-reading versatility strong colors

What is the name of the drawing material that was used to create this preparatory sketch? Studies for the Libyan Sibyl, by Michelangelo

sanguine

Which of the following are characteristics of tempera painting?

sensitive detail gentle luminosity quick drying

printing process involving the use of a solid stencil to block out non-printing areas, and where the image is created by forcing ink through a porous screen

serigraphy

Which drawing medium will get darker over time because it tarnishes?

silverpoint

The earliest prehistoric artists used which of the following?

soil animal fat saliva ash

Arrange these types of paint or painting method in order according to when they were first used, from earliest to most recent.

spray painting tempera fresco encaustic oil on canvas acrylic

Silkscreen printmaking employs what kind of process to create the design that determines where the ink will be placed on the printed surface?

stencil

What technique do graffiti artists use to transfer their sprayed designs onto walls as quickly as possible?

stencil

The word lithography is derived from ancient Greek. What does the word mean when literally translated to English?

stone writing

The single print taken from one of these using a printing press is referred to as...

the impression

In printmaking, the origination point from which a print is derived is known as...

the matrix

What can happen if the support one paints encaustic onto is not stiff backed?

the paint can crack

Which paint medium did Artemisia Gentileschi use for this self-portrait, and in what symbolic guise did she represent herself?

the personification of Painting oil paint

The African-American artist Dox Thrash printed this image early in the 1940s using an intaglio process that affords strikingly dark values. What are these dark values intended to express here?

the spirit and strength of American workers the seriousness of the American war effort

How do painting inks differ from drawing inks?

they have a binder like gum arabic

What is the fundamental goal of gesture drawing?

to capture the energy of the moment

Why did the German artist Max Beckmann use the drypoint intaglio method rather than engraving to create his Adam and Eve in 1917?

to create less precise lines with more irregularities to create a more organic, less finished quality

Drawing is used, to some degree, in every artistic medium.

true

Erasers can be used to create works of art, not just to rub out mistakes.

true

Prints created by the intaglio engraving method are more like the artist's original drawing than those created using woodblocks.

true

The appeal of tempera painting continues today. For example, some of the most recognizable works in twentieth-century American art were created using tempera.

true

The artist's choice of paint medium for a work can express ideas he or she wishes to communicate in that painting.

true

The main difference between watercolor and gouache is that watercolor is transparent and gouache is opaque.

true

Ultramarine, from the Latin ultramarinus, means beyond the sea.

true

What is the name of the process in oil painting in which the canvas is painted in a base, often monochrome color as a first step in creating the areas of light and dark value?

underpainting

What is the name for the ink drawing technique whereby an artist controls value and texture by diluting the ink with differing amounts of water?

wash

Which of the following are characteristics of acrylic paint?

water soluble imitate the effects of oil paints quick drying

When a relief print is made using a wooden block, what is it called?

woodcut

Which artistic movement particularly benefitted from the new method of transporting and storing oil paint developed by the American artist John G. Rand, and why?

-Impressionism -It made painting outdoors much easier.

Why is ink a popular drawing medium with artists?

-It is very long lasting. -It has a strong dark color. -It can be used very precisely.

How did Judith Baca's mural Danza de la Tierra become a tool for urban regeneration in Dallas? Large, colorful wall painting of a man and woman dancing

-It may have been painted by community members. -It celebrates Latino culture.

The African-American artist - used - drawing in his preparation process for murals such as -, the finished painting of which is now installed in -.

-John Biggers -pencil -Night of the Poor -Penn State's School of Education.

In 1953 the artist - created a new work of art by - a drawing by -. The original drawing was made with -, and it took nearly - to transform it in this manner into a new -.

-Robert Rauschenberg -erasing -Willem de Kooning -charcoal, oil paint, pencil, and crayon -one month -conceptual artwork

cording to the artist________: "He who pretends to be either ________ or _________ without being a master of _________ is an imposter."

-William Blake -painter -engraver -drawing

Although hand-made papers are mostly manufactured from cotton fiber, they are also made from which of the following materials?

-abaca -flax -hemp

Which ingredients are used to make charcoal?

-burnt willow -wax

Where and in what era was silkscreen printing first developed?

-china -960-1280 CE

The writer and artist Giorgio Vasari credits the --century - painter - with the invention of oil paint.

-fifteenth -flemish -jan van eyck

Which, if any, of the following are distinctive characteristics of charcoal drawing?

-good for representing texture and mass -expressive -works better on rougher paper

The brushes that east Asian artists use for ink drawings have a bamboo shaft with what kind(s) of bristle?

-horse -ox -wolf -goat

Who was the artist who painted this realistic image of A Young Hare in watercolor and gouache?

Albrecht Dürer

Who was the Japanese artist who created the ink painting Fireflies at Uji River shown here, and in which Japanese period did he do so?

Suzuki Shōnen Meiji period

Who invented the type of heavily pigmented drawing medium used in this drawing? Trees on the Bank of the Seine, study by Georges Seurat

Correct choiceNicolas-Jacques Conté

During Leonardo da Vinci's time, dissection was forbidden by the Catholic Church, and yet he was allowed to create his revolutionary drawings of the interior anatomy of humans. What plausible theories explain this?

Because he practiced his drawing with great care. The Church thought they might reveal how the soul resides in the body.

Who invented paper in China almost 2,000 years ago?

Cai Lun

What are the chief ingredients of each of these common types of drawing ink?

India ink: soot bistre: soot sepia: cuttlefish secretions gall ink: oak parasites, iron sulfate

This portrait of a boy is an encaustic work dating from c. 100-150 CE. What other facts can be associated with this work?

It is a funerary object. It is probably a fairly accurate depiction of an actual person. It was found in Egypt.

What is the significance of this drawing by Leonardo da Vinci? Drawing of a skeletal, winglike structure

It shows a concept being considered in an entirely new way.

umber

Italy clay brown

Which artist said: "There is no rule for painting al fresco. Every artist may do as he pleases...A painting is a poem and nothing else"?

José Clemente Orozco

Who was the Japanese artist who created the ink painting Fireflies at Uji River shown here, and in which Japanese period did he do so?

Meiji period Suzuki Shōnen

What was special about the type of woodblocks used by the German Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer to print his famous series of illustrations for the final book of the Bible?

They were made from thin layers glued together, rather than a single block. They were capable of printing very fine lines. They could withstand the compression of repeated printings without cracking.