Chapter 07 Quiz: The Vitamins: A Functional Approach

Phytochemicals may help to protect the body from what two disease states?

Cancer and heart disease

Which types of cancer are associated with low fruit and non-starchy vegetable intake?

Colon and stomach

What recommendation would you give a patient wanting to incorporate more phytochemicals into their diet?

Consume two and a half cups of a variety of vegetables daily

What statement about herbal medicines provides sound advice or information?

Discuss herbal supplement use with your physician.

Which is a correct pairing of the vitamin with an associated deficiency disease or symptom?

Folate - neural tube defects

What foods are a good source of folate (or folic acid) and are important for a healthy pregnancy?

Green, leafy vegetables and fortified grains.

What is the primary role of the B-family of vitamins?

It helps enzymes release energy from absorbed nutrients.

One of your family members has an increased risk of age-related macular degeneration and cataracts. What foods would you recommend they incorporate regularly into their diet?

Kale and spinach

According to the Dietary Guidelines, vitamin D is a nutrient of public health concern. Choose two foods to incorporate into a meal plan to increase vitamin D intake with one naturally-occurring vitamin D rich food and one food fortified with vitamin D.

Light tuna and yogurt

What is the link between homocysteine, the B vitamins—folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6—and heart disease?

Low levels of the B vitamins have been found in association with high homocysteine levels and an increased risk of fatal heart disease in men and women.

What phytochemical-containing food is matched correctly with its possible health benefit?

Oat bran - reduces risk of heart disease

How do antioxidant vitamins prevent free radicals from attacking cells and causing damage?

They neutralize the free radicals and convert them back into stable oxygen molecules.

What vitamin can be made by the body and acts like a hormone?

Vitamin D

Ivy's baby is given an injection of a vitamin before leaving the hospital. The nurse says it is routinely given to prevent excessive bleeding in case of an injury. What vitamin was Ivy's baby given?

Vitamin K

Which water-soluble vitamin provides the body with energy?

Vitamins do not provide the body with energy.