Art History Final

A. Naturalistic depiction of the human figure

14- During the Old Kingdom period of Egyptian art, a new manner of representing the human figure developed that would last thousands of years. It was characterized by all of the following except __________.

B. painting with a bronze knife blade

14- For the Paleolithic Hall of Bulls cave painting, artists used all of the following techniques except __________.

E. Cuneiform

14- From the Latin word meaning "wedge", ________ was a system of writing developed by the Sumerians.

B. Larger than the surrounding figures

14- In both the Akkadian Victory Stele of Naram Sin and the Egyptian Narmer Palette, the kings are depicted _____.

A. Respect the Victory

14- In the Victory Stele of Naram Sin, the king and his men are represented in a conceptual manner, probably meant to indicate ____.

C. Venus of Willendorf

14- One of the earliest and most famous "fertility" figurines from the Paleolithic period is the ____.

B. Deeply carved, fleshy, well-rounded human figures

14- The Processional Frieze from the royal audience hall in Persepolis, shows ______.

B. Ziggurat

14- The _________ was a multilevel temple designed by the religion-oriented Sumerians but built by the later Babylonians and Assyrians

Curving lines and full-bodies forms

14-During Akhenaton's reign, the longstanding stylized formality of Egyptian art briefly gave away to _____________, as seen in the very famous bust of Queen Nefertiti

Monotheist; Amarna period

14-In New Kingdom Egypt, Amenhotep IV started A revolution in both religion in the arts when he changed his name to Akhenaton to honor the son God and became a ____________. The period of his reign is known as the _______________.

Ka Sculptures

14-Large-scale tomb sculptures that were intended to house the spirit of the deceased if mummification failed were known as ____.

Colonnades

14-The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut was carved out of living rock and is most impressive visually due to its three tiers of pillared ____.

defense

14-The art and architecture of the Mycenaean civilization reflects a preoccupation with ___________ because, unlike Crete, it lacked the natural defense of the surrounding sea

Minotaur

14-The term labyrinthine well describes the huge, sprawling palace at Knossos, and the term comes from the myth of __________.

The Cyclades

14-Which of the following is considered one of the Bronze Age civilizations of pre-Hellenic Greece?

E. Athens; Pericles

15- During the Classical period, __________ became the center of Greek art and culture under the dynamic statesman __________.

A. Archaic; cella

15- During the ______ period of Greek art, an architectural format was developed that served as a model for all later Greek temples. The central of the temple was known as a ______.

D. Individualized

15- Empire period Roman sculpture, as represented in Augustus of Primaporta, was often an interesting juxtaposition of __________ heads with idealized bodies.

B. top step of the platform is perfectly straight

15- In an effort to produce an integrated look to the Parthenon, all of the following construction variations are found except that the __________.

C. spiritual, otherworldly style

15- In the late years of the Roman Empire, the realism and idealism that had characterized Roman figural sculpture was replaced by a ____.

D. Archaic smile

15- Some of the earliest freestanding sculptures of the Archaic period were kouros figures, or blocky statues of nude young men, all with a conventionalized facial expression called the __________.

B. amphitheaters; Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian

15- The Colosseum in Rome consists of two back-to-back ____ and a combination of ____ columns that produce a sense of lightness proceeding from bottom to top tier.

B. metopes

15- The Doric frieze was divided vertically into compartments. The triglyphs contained vertical grooves and the ____ were filled with sculpted figures.

E. black-figure; Archaic

15- The François Vase, with black figures on a reddish background, is an example of the ____ painting technique and was produced during the ____ period of Greek art.

C. coffered

15- The Pantheon's dome is __________ to lessen the weight of it both physically and visually.

E. Constantine

15- The Roman equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius still exists only because it is was mistakenly believed to be a portrait of ______, the first emperor to recognize Christianity.

B. Humanism

15- The ancient Greeks considered themselves to be the center of the universe or "the measure of all things", a concept known as ______.

C. geometric

15- The circles, squares, patterning, and rigid wedge-shaped torsos depicted on the Dipylon Vase indicate that it is a fine example of the ____ period of Greek art.

B. Christian churches

15- The emperor Maxentius ordered construction of a large basilica near the Roman forum. Little of it remains today, but its design set the precedent for many subsequent ____.

A. arch and concrete

15- The two most significant innovations in building design introduced by the Romans were the ____, which made construction of the Pantheon possible.

E. 12th and 13th centuries

16- Academics generally agree that the Gothic style of architecture began in _______.

C. crossing square

16- An architectural aspect of the church of St. Sernin is its use of the __________.

B. Exterior walls appeared heavier

16- As the Gothic period progressed, all of the following architectural innovations occurred except __________.

D. fireproofing

16- In St. Sernin, the ceiling structure is a stone barrel vault, which was necessary for __________.

B. The Virgin Mary

16- In the Gothic period, ____ assumed a new role of importance in art and architecture.

C. Catacombs

16- The _____ were a huge network of galleries and burial chambers beneath the city Rome where Christians worshipped in secret and buried their dead.

D. twin bell towers

16- The cathedral of Florence features all of the characteristics below except ____.

A. Two-tower tripartite facade

16- The exterior of the Romanesque St. Etienne served as a model for Gothic architecture because it's ______ appeared repeatedly in Gothic churches.

B. Period of Persecution

16- The first centuries after the death of Jesus, before Emperor Constantine proclaimed religious tolerance for Christians, were known as the ____.

B. Repentance through prayer

16- The iconography of the stylized doll-like figures on the Weighing of Souls tympanum from Cathedral of Autun was intended to convey pictorially _______.

E. rib vault; clerestory

16- The interior of St. Étienne has a sense of lightness because the development of the __________ made it possible to pierce the walls above the tribune gallery with a series of windows called a __________.

E. Contrapposto

16- The jamb figures of Mary and Elizabeth on the west portal of Reims Cathedral are placed in a naturalistic weight-shift stance also known as ______.

B. light filtering through arched windows at its base

16- The massive dome of Hagia Sophia appears to be light and graceful due to ____.

C. have a weight to the bodies, and the "hinged" treatment of the limbs is eliminated

16- Unlike Romanesque sculpture, Gothic sculptural figures ______.

E. Old St. Peter's; Latin Cross

16- ______ was one of the first and most important churches erected during the Early Christian period. With its long nave and apse at one end, it was a(n) ____ plan church.

D. mythological themes

17- As evidenced in The Birth of Venus, Sandro Botticelli loved, above all else, to paint __________.

B. loose brushwork and dramatic white spotlighting

17- As seen in Tintoretto's The Last Supper, his __________ anticipate(s) the Baroque style.

B. a contemporary Flemish home

17- As was typical in Northern Renaissance paintings, the setting of Robert Campin's Merode Altarpiece is ____.

E. a barely adolescent boy

17- For his bronze statue of David, the first life-size nude since classical times, Donatello chose ____ as a prototype.

A. the vase of lillie's

17- In Jan van Eyck's strictly detailed double portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride, which offer following is not a symbolic reference in a painting?

C. dramatic negative space

17- In his Creation of Adam scene from the Sistine Chapel ceiling, Michelangelo created the most ____ in the history of art as God reached out to spark life into Adam.

D. genre painting

17- Netherlandish painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder's The Peasant Wedding is an excellent example of ____.

B. Symbolism

17- Northern Renaissance artists tried to reconcile religion with scenes and objects from everyday life by using ______.

E. architecture

17- Some of the purest examples of Renaissance Classicism are to be found in the ______ of Leon Battista Alberti.

D. The Sacrifice of Isaac

17- The Renaissance began in 1401 with a competition for the commission to sculpt bronze doors for the baptistery of Florence. The subject of the entry panels was __________.

D. manuscript illumination

17- The realism, symbolism, and complicated imagery found in Northern Renaissance paintings originated in and was influenced by ____.

C. Using dark and psychologically distressing color palette

20- For works such as White Iris, Georgia O'Keefe captured the essence of her subject utilizing all of the following techniques except ______.

B. the papal apartments in the Vatican

17- The young artist Raphael painted numerous canvases of the Madonna and Child, but some of his most impressive compositions, like The School of Athens, were executed for ____.

B. barrel-vaulted chapel with holy and common figures

17- Using the laws of perspective in his Holy Trinity fresco, Masaccio created the illusion of an extension of the architectural space of the church by painting a(n) ____.

D. a single piece of almost unworkable marble

17- When Michelangelo was only 27, he carved the 13 1/2-foot statue of David from ____.

C. spirituality and otherworldliness

17-During the Renaissance period, there was a revival of all of the following except _____________.

A. graphic representation of man's inhumanity to man

19- Francisco Goya, who was neither Neoclassicist nor Romantic, is best known for his __________, one of the most famous of which is The Third of May, 1808.

E. the cabarets, cafes, and bordellos of Paris

19- Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's deformity led to an alienation from his family so he instead found a home in ____, as depicted in At the Moulin Rouge.

C. Inhumanity, injustice, and humankind's destruction of itself

19- In The Outbreak, Käthe Kollwitz tried to symbolize _________ through her forceful depiction the sixteenth-century Peasants' War.

B. Starry Night

19- In his ____, Vincent van Gogh's vibrant colors, characteristic long, thin strokes and feverish application of paint creates an emotionalism that turns a sleepy town into a cosmic display.

D. magnificent draftsman

19- In the Grande Odalisque, the articulation of the heavy drapery contrasts with the crisp treatment of the linens and sensual lines of the harem mistress's body, revealing that, above all else, Ingres was a __________.

D. Gustave Courbet and Japanese prints

19- James Abbott McNeill Whistler's Arrangement in Black and Gray: The Artist's Mother exhibits a combination of realism and abstraction that was strongly influenced by ____.

A. James Fennimore Cooper

19- The Hudson River School was a group of artists who painted the beauty of the natural American landscape with a sense of romanticism that was embodied in the writings of ________.

B. Pointillism; color theories

19- The Post-Impressionist Georges Seurat's painting technique is known as ____, which is a meticulous application of pigment that he derived from the study of ____.

B. Claude Monet's; Rouen Cathedral

19- The dissolution of surfaces and study of local color was central to __________ art, which is dramatically evident in a series of canvases depicting __________ from a variety of angles during different times of day and seasons.

A. drastic collapsing of space, forcing imagery to the picture plane

19- The movement away from a realistic representation of subjects toward abstraction took many forms, but Paul Cézanne led the way toward modernism with his __________, as seen in his Still Life with Basket of Apples.

E. Bordello of the Parisian demimonde

19- The setting of Édouard Manet's reclining nude figure of Olympia is a(n) _______.

E. Experience working with live models and dissecting corpses

19- The shocking realism depicted in Thomas Eakins' The Gross Clinic stems from his ____.

B. space; Neoclassicism

19- What was modern about the "new" art of the late 18th century in France was its concept of ____. The first period of modern art to use planar recession was ____.

B. Mary Cassatt

19- _________ was an American Expatriate painter who spent most of her life in France primarily painting scenes of women and children.

C. were preoccupied with the science of optics

19- the modern Realist painters of the nineteenth century, including Honoré Daumier and Édouard Manet, were bound by all of the following except they_______.

B. Dadaists

20- Along with their interest in psychoanalysis, the Surrealists also incorporated some of the attitudes and techniques of the ______ movements.

D. intense interest in native African and Iberian sculpture

20- Cubism was heavily influenced by Paul Cezanne in all but one of the following ways:

D. ethnographic and children's art

20- For his Twittering Machine, Paul Klee was influenced in part by __________.

D. Armory Show; Nude Descending a Staircase #2

20- In 1913, the groundbreaking __________ was held in New York City and dominated by avant-garde European artists who would heavily influence subsequent American art. The most scandalous work at the exhibition was Marcel Duchamp's __________, which was dismissed as a "pile of kindling wood."

B. finding the simplest form that, along with a title, would fire recognition in the viewer

20- In Constantin Brancusi's sculpture's, such as Bird in Space, he reached for the essence of the subject by _______.

D. Futurist

20- In Umberto Boccioni's Dynamism of a Soccer Player, we see the ____ obsession with illustrating images in perpetual motion.

D. create a pleasing platform

20- Of works such as the Red room, Henri Matisse said t should be "a mental soother, something like a good armchair in which to rest." This is because Matisse's primary concern was to ________.

B. Alfred Stieglitz; 291 Gallery

20- The American photographer _______ first supported the development of abstract art in America by exhibiting modern European works alongside American art in his ______.

E. Street Light

20- The Futurists' belief that their subjects were less important than the portrayal of a "dynamic sensation" is very evident in Giacomo Balla's constantly "moving" painting known as ______.

A. they saw their movement as bridging a number of disparate styles

20- The artists began the Die Brücke movement chose that name because _____.

E. rendered objects from multiple and radically different views

20- The term Cubism, coined by hostile critic, is limiting because it is an inadequate description that ignores the movement's most significant contribution: a new treatment of pictorial space that ______.

A. The Nazis

20- _______ shut down the Bauhaus in 1933, forcing may of its faculty, including Walter Gropius and Mies van der Rohe, to flee to the United States.

B. Stark, unflinchingly realistic

21- Alice Neel is best known for her ______ portraits, a collection of souls handpicked from all strata of society.

B. shocked

21- Feminist artist Ana Mendieta draped her body in mud for her performance piece Arbol de la Vida. In terms of its visual impact, most viewers who saw it were likely _______ by its extraordinary contrasts of texture.

D. Velazquez's Pope Innocent X

21- Francis Bacon's Figure with Meat is a raw and distorted reworking of ________.

D. bits and pieces

21- In Deconstructivist architectural design, buildings are intended to be seen in ____.

D. The Bay

21- In Helen Frankenthaler paintings such as ______ the canvas and image are now literally one.

B. quilt and pillow

21- In Robert Rauschenberg's combine painting The Bed, he uses a(n) ____ as his canvas.

B. The Guerrilla Girls

21- In the 1980s, a group of anonymous women artists banded together to fight injustice against women in the art market. They were known as ____.

C. Large, hazy-edged color field rectangles

21- Mark Rothko is renowned for his _______.

C. Frank Stella

21- Modern architecture encompassed many architectural visions, including those of all but which one of the following architects?

D. Graffiti

21- One major source of inspiration for Jean-Michel Basquiat's art works was _______.

C. personal signature of the artist

21- One major tenet of Pop Art is that the work should be so objective, commercialized, and mundane that it eliminates the ____.

C. twentieth-century abstraction and expressionism

21- Realism is firmly rooted in a long, realistic tradition in the arts, but as a recognized artistic movement of the 1970s, it is also in a part a reaction against _______.

B. Bitter ironies and angst

21- The Neo-Expressionists of the 1980s revived and embraced the gestural and experimentational methods of the Abstract Expressionists, but they added the dimension of ________ to their work.

E. action painting; Jackson Pollock

21- The term ____ was coined in 1951 to describe the process of dripping and splattering paint on huge canvases, a technique associated primarily with ____.

C. Abstract Expressionism

21- ______ is characterized by spontaneous execution, large gestural brushstrokes, abstract or abstracted imagery, and intense color fields, all produced on large, monumental canvases.

B. Der Blaue Reiter

Wassily Kandinsky, a major proponent of _______, is recognized as the first painter of _______.

B. Their subject matter centered on traditional nudes, still-lifes, and landscapes.

Which of the following statements does not set the Fauves apart from their 19th-century predecessors?