Art History U2 Q1
What was the reasoning behind the medieval practice where an artist's name is rarely known?
Art was not for personal glory.
Explain why the Dark Ages were not so "dark" after all.
Bible texts were illuminated with beautiful and intricate artwork.
What can be found at the Trinity College Library in Dublin?
Book of Kells
3 facts about the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
Byzantine art that shows identical facial features and expressions, apse and atrium of this building have been modernized several times, mosaic from building shows Christ and angels
Patterned metalwork, huge stone crosses, and manuscript illuminations are still known to be part of _____ art.
Celtic
How does Roman (and Greek) art differ compared to medieval art?
Christian art focused on spirit rather than body.
What are 3 facts about the Arch of Constantine
Constantine and his court are the centerpiece on the middle frieze, figures on the reliefs look like flat paper dolls, example of medieval art looking at the soul instead of the flesh
600-800
Dark Ages
29-526
Early Christian Period
313
Edict of Milan
Roman and Medieval art used mosaics in almost identical ways.
False
T/F The Arch of Constantine included flat figures because the level art skill in Medieval art declined.
False
1436
Florence Cathedral
600-800
Golden Age of Ireland
1140-1436
Gothic Period
What is the importance of Constantine's Edict of Milan?
It promoted Christianity.
What are the main differences in the illuminations between the Lindisfarne Bible and the Book of Kells?
Lindisfarne Bible has a more abstract feel, the Book of Kells adds recognizable figures, and Book of Kells includes Celtic knots.
715
Lindisfarne Gospels
__________ used single pieces of parchment paper to hand copy the Bible and the Gospels.
Monks
1345
Notre Dame
1050-1200
Romanesque
What was the main purpose for illuminated manuscripts?
Sacred decoration was thought to enhance the experience.
What makes the Book of Kells Ireland's "national treasure"?
Scrolling contains detailed patterns, Written calligraphy is a masterpiece, More colors are used than in earlier illuminations.
What happened to the barbarian Celts of the 5th century?
They converted to Christianity.
What is a common misperception of medieval art?
They were untalented.
Arcade
a building made up of a series of arches supported by columns
Flying butress
a buttress that stands apart from the main structure, yet connected to it by an arch in order to redistribute the weight of the building
Rose Window
a circular stained glass window with symmetrical, roselike tracery; typical of Gothic cathedrals
Apse
a domed addition to a building commonly found on the east end of a church
Carpet pages
a major feature of illuminated manuscripts; pages of mainly geometrical design, many of which include repeated animal forms; commonly placed at the beginning of each of the four Gospels in the Bible
Ogive arch
a narrow, steep, tapered arch commonly found on façades of Gothic architecture
Buttress
a support, usually of stone or brick, which reinforces the wall of a building by redistributing the weight of the building
Rib vaults
a vault in a ceiling supported by or decorated with diagonal ribs
Barrel Vaults
an architectural element formed by a single curve along a given distance to form an almost tunnel-like feel
Portal
an opening in the wall of a building where a door marks a usually grand entrance
Finial
an ornament at the top of a peak of a roof
Mosaic
art form that is a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass
Besides a religious change, what other change occurred when Constantine took charge?
artistic materials
3 facts about the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus: Sacrifice of Isaac
artwork is missing God's hand and Abraham's knife, sarcophagus was for a wealthy man, one niche shows the Sacrifice of Isaac
How did the monks show their sacred view of God's words?
by making the illuminations elaborate
Nave
center aisle of a church
What are 3 facts about the Lindisfarne Gospels; Gospel of Matthew?
considered to be one of the lights of the Dark Ages, considered to be in excellent condition, front cover was stolen during a Viking raid
Explain the contribution of Eadfrith.
created the Lindisfarne Bible
What term describes the depth of these carvings found on the Bassius sarcophagus?
high relief
Lintel
horizontal beam used as a finisher piece that can be found over a door or window
The art or act of decorating manuscripts or written texts is called _____.
illumination
What are included throughout the Latin pages of the Lindisfarne Gospels?
illuminations
What item was carved for the wealthy Junius Bassus?
marble sarcophagus
What are 3 facts about the Book of Kells; Gospel of Matthew
named after the abbey that housed the manuscript for many years, produced by several different authors/artists, Christian symbolism is embedded in the Celtic knots
Transept
part of a cross-shaped church that runs at right angles to the long central aisle
What are 3 facts about the Book of Kells; Virgin and Child?
portrays the oldest image of the Virgin Mary, pages like this ended up becoming carpet pages, detailed patterns are seen in the scrollwork
A(n) ________ is a mass assembly line of monks in a monastery who hand-copied the Bible or Gospels.
scriptorium
What were the Roman mosaics made from?
strips of ruby, aquamarine, purple, gold, and silver
Illuminations
the art or act of decorating manuscripts or written texts
Tympanum
the semicircular or triangular decorative wall over an entrance brought together by a lintel and arch; commonly has sculptures or other decorations; many Gothic churches include this element
Tracery
the stonework that supports the glass in a Gothic window; term is thought to come from tracing floors where the complex patterns of Gothic windows were planned
Clerestory
the upper part of the wall of a building that contains windows and can typically be found on a church's main aisle, or nave
Door Jambs
the vertical sides of a door frame used in Gothic art; often has ornate decorations
