Art History U2 Q1

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What was the reasoning behind the medieval practice where an artist's name is rarely known?

Art was not for personal glory.

Explain why the Dark Ages were not so "dark" after all.

Bible texts were illuminated with beautiful and intricate artwork.

What can be found at the Trinity College Library in Dublin?

Book of Kells

3 facts about the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo

Byzantine art that shows identical facial features and expressions, apse and atrium of this building have been modernized several times, mosaic from building shows Christ and angels

Patterned metalwork, huge stone crosses, and manuscript illuminations are still known to be part of _____ art.

Celtic

How does Roman (and Greek) art differ compared to medieval art?

Christian art focused on spirit rather than body.

What are 3 facts about the Arch of Constantine

Constantine and his court are the centerpiece on the middle frieze, figures on the reliefs look like flat paper dolls, example of medieval art looking at the soul instead of the flesh

600-800

Dark Ages

29-526

Early Christian Period

313

Edict of Milan

Roman and Medieval art used mosaics in almost identical ways.

False

T/F The Arch of Constantine included flat figures because the level art skill in Medieval art declined.

False

1436

Florence Cathedral

600-800

Golden Age of Ireland

1140-1436

Gothic Period

What is the importance of Constantine's Edict of Milan?

It promoted Christianity.

What are the main differences in the illuminations between the Lindisfarne Bible and the Book of Kells?

Lindisfarne Bible has a more abstract feel, the Book of Kells adds recognizable figures, and Book of Kells includes Celtic knots.

715

Lindisfarne Gospels

__________ used single pieces of parchment paper to hand copy the Bible and the Gospels.

Monks

1345

Notre Dame

1050-1200

Romanesque

What was the main purpose for illuminated manuscripts?

Sacred decoration was thought to enhance the experience.

What makes the Book of Kells Ireland's "national treasure"?

Scrolling contains detailed patterns, Written calligraphy is a masterpiece, More colors are used than in earlier illuminations.

What happened to the barbarian Celts of the 5th century?

They converted to Christianity.

What is a common misperception of medieval art?

They were untalented.

Arcade

a building made up of a series of arches supported by columns

Flying butress

a buttress that stands apart from the main structure, yet connected to it by an arch in order to redistribute the weight of the building

Rose Window

a circular stained glass window with symmetrical, roselike tracery; typical of Gothic cathedrals

Apse

a domed addition to a building commonly found on the east end of a church

Carpet pages

a major feature of illuminated manuscripts; pages of mainly geometrical design, many of which include repeated animal forms; commonly placed at the beginning of each of the four Gospels in the Bible

Ogive arch

a narrow, steep, tapered arch commonly found on façades of Gothic architecture

Buttress

a support, usually of stone or brick, which reinforces the wall of a building by redistributing the weight of the building

Rib vaults

a vault in a ceiling supported by or decorated with diagonal ribs

Barrel Vaults

an architectural element formed by a single curve along a given distance to form an almost tunnel-like feel

Portal

an opening in the wall of a building where a door marks a usually grand entrance

Finial

an ornament at the top of a peak of a roof

Mosaic

art form that is a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass

Besides a religious change, what other change occurred when Constantine took charge?

artistic materials

3 facts about the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus: Sacrifice of Isaac

artwork is missing God's hand and Abraham's knife, sarcophagus was for a wealthy man, one niche shows the Sacrifice of Isaac

How did the monks show their sacred view of God's words?

by making the illuminations elaborate

Nave

center aisle of a church

What are 3 facts about the Lindisfarne Gospels; Gospel of Matthew?

considered to be one of the lights of the Dark Ages, considered to be in excellent condition, front cover was stolen during a Viking raid

Explain the contribution of Eadfrith.

created the Lindisfarne Bible

What term describes the depth of these carvings found on the Bassius sarcophagus?

high relief

Lintel

horizontal beam used as a finisher piece that can be found over a door or window

The art or act of decorating manuscripts or written texts is called _____.

illumination

What are included throughout the Latin pages of the Lindisfarne Gospels?

illuminations

What item was carved for the wealthy Junius Bassus?

marble sarcophagus

What are 3 facts about the Book of Kells; Gospel of Matthew

named after the abbey that housed the manuscript for many years, produced by several different authors/artists, Christian symbolism is embedded in the Celtic knots

Transept

part of a cross-shaped church that runs at right angles to the long central aisle

What are 3 facts about the Book of Kells; Virgin and Child?

portrays the oldest image of the Virgin Mary, pages like this ended up becoming carpet pages, detailed patterns are seen in the scrollwork

A(n) ________ is a mass assembly line of monks in a monastery who hand-copied the Bible or Gospels.

scriptorium

What were the Roman mosaics made from?

strips of ruby, aquamarine, purple, gold, and silver

Illuminations

the art or act of decorating manuscripts or written texts

Tympanum

the semicircular or triangular decorative wall over an entrance brought together by a lintel and arch; commonly has sculptures or other decorations; many Gothic churches include this element

Tracery

the stonework that supports the glass in a Gothic window; term is thought to come from tracing floors where the complex patterns of Gothic windows were planned

Clerestory

the upper part of the wall of a building that contains windows and can typically be found on a church's main aisle, or nave

Door Jambs

the vertical sides of a door frame used in Gothic art; often has ornate decorations


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