ASCP Board of Certification MLS Computer Adaptive Testing exam review 17JUL20 1-44 QUESTIONS

the identifying characteristic of Aureobasidium pullulans is

the production of a black yeast like colony

standard deviation refers to

the relationship of distribution of the control results around the central point mean ?

describe the appearance of Cabot Rings

thin, reddish-vioelt-straining strands in the shapes of figure eights or the letter B

describe human ehrilchiosis

tickborne rickettsieae definative diagnosis is based on the inclusion of ehrlichia in an infected leukocyte detection of IgM or IgG antibodies are confirmatory results

in regards to acetaminophen benzoquinoneimine intermediate becomes toxic to the liver once ??

tissue gltathione becomes depleted

prolonged immersion of reagent strip procedure may wash out reagents true or false ?

true

what is associated w/ ITR but not usually w/ DHTR?

unexplained bleeding from surgical site

mode is the

value with the highest frequency within the data set

Wegener's disease is a condition that affects the

vascular system with autoantibodies formed against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens

using standard serum protein electrophoresis methods serum proteins separate into five bands in the following order (what is the order )

albumin travels the farthest toward the anode followed by a1-globulin, a2-globulin, B-globulin, and gamma-globulins

what is the effect of aging with the hormones of the endocrine system ?

aldosterone decreases and norepinephrine increases

a patient who has a primarily vegetarian diet will most likely have ?

an alkaline urine pH

target cells appear in perpheral blood due to ?

an increase in RBC surface membrane . these cells are found in many different kinds of anemia and most promnent in hemoglobinopathies thalassemia and liver diseases.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disorder in which

autoantibodies are formed against IgG

mean is the

average of data poins

in an standard electrophoretic separation, what zone appears first (anodal end) on the densitometric pattern?

Albumin

transverse and longitudinal septations are seen in conidia of

Alternaria species

polar gems are produced by

Bipolaris species

Which method is used to identify prior exposure to Mycobacterium exposure

Blood test known as intereron-gamma release assays

what blood cell inclusion cabe seen on Wrights stained blood smear?

Pappenheimer bodies, Dohle bodies, and Howell-Jolly bodies

what does desensitization and Non-sensitization have to do with ?

goal of reducing allergy/allergen reactions

CNA is a selective growth medium for the isolation of ?

gram postive cocci?

elliptocytes are rod-shaped cells that appear to have hemoglobin concentrated at both ends of the cell. these are found in ?

hereditary elliptocytosis which is and inherited conditon w/ 25-90% red cells in this elliptical shape .

polymorphonuclear neutrophils PMNs are particularly effective in ?

host defesen against bacterial and fungal infections. the antimicrobial function is essetnial in the innate immune response .

viscosity of synovial fluid is due to synoviocyte secretion of mucopolysaccharide which contains

hylauronic acid

how does the drug digoxin work ?

inhibits both celluar Na+ efflux and K+ influx in myocardial cells which is postulated to enhace movement of calcium ions in the cell increasing calcium ion availability and improving cardiac contractility

what is the drug primidone ?

is a barbiturate used to control seizures

what is the drug disopyramide ?

is an aniarrhythmic drug

What is the drug cyclosporine used for?

is an immunosupressive drug often used to supress graft rejection of transplanted oragans

thayer-martin is a selective medium used to ?

isolate Neisseria gonorrhoae with suppression of most other bacteria and yeast?

a characteristic of a good cardiac biomarker is that ?

it can be detected even if it is present in LOW concentration in the peripheral blood

Acetaminophen is largely metabolized in the ?

liver to glucuronide and sulfonate conjugates

phosphatidyl glycerol and lecithin are what and work how ?

lung surfacants present in amniotic fluid that serve as idicators of fetal lung maturity

the postive predicitive value of Borrelia burgdoferi antibody assay depends on the likelihood of what being present?

lyme disease

antigen processing is primiarily done by what type of cells ?

macrophages

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are defined cells capable of taking up antigen and presenting them to lymphocytes in a form that these cells can recognize APC include

macrophages, dendritic cells , B cells and even tissue cells.

macroovalocytes are a predominant feature in ?

megaloblastic anemia

in symptomatic patientss babesiosis usually is diagnosed by ?

microscopic examination of a stained blood smear. Acute and convalescent antibody titer may be useful for diagnsosis . Only IgG antibody determinations are performed . PCR amplification can be used for diagnosis

HDN is associated with alloantibodies from

mothers bloodstream directed against the babys antigens

myoglobin release is strongly associated w/ ?

muscle damage therefore it would most closely match the diagnosis of massive muscle trauma in this question

ovalocytes may be seen in ?

myelodysplastic and tahssemic syndromes

SOME faciltiies allowe plateletpheresis to be perfomed how often ?

once every 7 days

the biuret reaction for the analysis of serum protein depends on the number of k

peptide bonds

what is anaerobic non-spore forming Gram negative bacilli that have been associated with the intestinal tract they have characteristically produce pigmented colonies

porphyromonas spp

"after repeated analysis, the same result is achieved" described which of the following quality terms?

precision

a solution of gamma globulins containing anti-Rh(D) is given to an Rh(D) negative mother to ?

prevent fetal cells from intially sensitizing the mother

the term polar germ tubes comes from?

production of germ tubes extending from both sides of a conidia that has been incubated in an aqueous environment for several hours

normal viscocity of synovial fluid comes from polymerization of hyaluronic acid which provides ?

proper joint lubrication

the biuret method protein levels can be measure as the amount of peptide bonds present is usually representative of the amount protein present in grams. The presence of the peptide bonds in a sample does what ?

reacts w/ copper ions to produce violet color which can measured spectrophotometrically at 540 nm the Cu2+ complex of the biuret reaction does not bind to amino groups carboxyl groups or whole protein molecules only to peptide bonds

Systemic lupus erythematosus SLE is also a systemic disorder in which

several types of antinuclear autoantibodies are formed

an infant is not capable of producing antibodies until

six months of age

Mycobacterium marinum is normal flora to fish and commonly cuases ?

skin infections when open wounds come in contact with salto water or inadequatly chlroinated fresh water

what is a selective medium for Campylobacter jejuni ?

skirrow agar

What are Kupffer cells?

specialzied macrophages located in the liver, lining the walls of the sinusoids that form part of the mononuclear phagocyte system.

define the term is also a measure of precision and is calculated by taking the square root of the calculated variance

standard deviation

what is the predominant abnormal erythrocyte morphology assocaited with idiopathic myelofibrosis ?

teardrop cell aka dacrocytes

what does in vitro mean

testing in test tube to predict the potential for a successful transfusion before exposing the recipient to the blood products

define the term is a calculation within a group of numbers that looks at the average distance each data point is from the mean of the same set of data

variance its a precision term

mycobacterium scrofulaceum produces what color colonies when incubated in the dark or light ?

yellow making it a sscotochromogen

how much time must elapse between apheresis red blood cell donation ?

16 weeks

covert 800 microliters to millitiers

.80 mL

cystine-tellurite blood agar is used for isolating?

Corynebacterium diphtheriae (produces black colonies )

all of the following are true of Xanthochromia in CSF, except. A) an immature blood-brain barrier B) increased protein in CSF C) Elevated bilirubin in the blood D) clear appearance of CSF

D

what serologic test would be used for the diagnosis of Q-fever?

EIA or indirect immunoflouresence

what is anaerobic non spore forming Gram negative bacillus that has been associated with endogenous infections of the head and neck region in relation to dental biofilms?

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Anti-Fy3 is a rare antibody produced by?

Fy(a-b-) individuals lacking the Duffy glycoprotein

what blood cell inclsuion can be seen using a supervital stain ?

Heinz bodies

certain clinical conditions such as Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn HDFN Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction HTR, and Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia AIHA result from the attachment of antibodies or complement to human RBCs. What is this process called ?

In vivo sensitization

what virus or disease is screened for in blood donors only using the questions asked during the donor screening and selection process ?

Malaria

Mycobacterium kansasii is a common isolate in

NTM non-tuberculosis mycobacteria lung disesase but is also isolated in skin and soft tissue infections and is commonly disseminated in immunocompromised patients .

what is a morphological feature of Phialophora verrucosum

Urn or vase shaped phialides

what is albuterol and how and why is it used

a fast acting bronchodilator used during asthma attacks has short half life(around 5 hrs) safe drug wide therapeutic window

what is coefficient of variation ?

a measure of imprecision that is expressed as a percentage

Describe Babesia?

a rare tickborne disease that can be fatal parasitic disease that infects red blood cells.

basophils are important in body defense in the

acute, systemic, hypersensitivity reactions

the ideal biomarker for myocardial injury should be ?

-heart specific & not found in other tissues - released rapidly from the heart into the peripheral circulation -persist in the peripheral blood circulation for several days - rapidly detected in the lab

platelets may be donated every ?

48 hrs or twice a week

describe the anti-nuclear antibodies

95% of patients with SLE will test postive

what is the activation unit in the classical complement pathway ?

C5, C6, C7, C8, C9

if a patient is determined to have type AB blood , what antibody would be found in his-her serum?

No anti-A no Anti-B antibodies

define the term is obtained when the result obtained is the true value

accuracy

cranberry juice produces what kind of urine ?

acidic

a patient on high protein and high meat diets tend to produce

acidic urine

what is anaerobic non spore forming Gram negative bacilli that have been associated with endogenous infections associated with the oral and gastrointestinal tract it is the most commonly isolated anaerobic organism frim clinical specimens

bacteroides fragilis

The components C5, C6, C7, C8, C9 combine together in the final steps of the classical pathway to form the membrane attack complex which will then

bind to foreign cells creating pores in the cell membranes that cause the cells to lyse

what is a characteristic of CSF fluid is present if blood is due to subarahnoid hemorrhage SAH

blood is evenly distributed in all tubes

acid phosphate is an enzyme component of semen produced by and function in what ?

by prostate gland and it works in coagualtion and liquefaction of semen

M.scrofulaceum is most commonly associated with ?

cervical lymphadenititis in children

what specimen collections methods should be used if urine cultures are required?

clean catch catheterized suprapubic aspiration

what is a spore forming anaerobe that is associated with neutropenic enterocolitis

clostridium septicum

an increase in carcinoembryonic antigen CEA levels is most closely associated with what organ?

colon

a small of amount of acetaminophen is metablized via ?

cytochrome oxidase to a reactive benzoquinoneimine intermediate

What is the Kleihauer-Betke test used for ?

differentiate between maternal and fetal red cells

what drug increases the force of myocardial muscle contractions?

digoxin

ovalocytes appear as?

egg shaped or oval w/ varibale hemoglobin content.

mycobactrium fortutitum is commonly isolated in the ?

enviroment and is implicated frequently in skin and soft tissue infections. M.forutium does not produce pigment in light or dark .

Parvovirus B19 is the only human pathogen in the family Parvoviridae It is most known for its association with which of the following diseases?

fifth disease

Myoglobinuria is a condition in which myoglobin heme containing protein in muscle is

found n urine due to muscle destruction it produces a clear red-brown urine

carcinoembryonic antigen CEA is a widely used tumor marker for?

gastrointestinal cancer however it is not useful for screening but is useful for following response to therapy and detecting recurrences after surgery