ASCP Board of Certification MLS Computer Adaptive Testing exam review 17JUL20 1-44 QUESTIONS
the identifying characteristic of Aureobasidium pullulans is
the production of a black yeast like colony
standard deviation refers to
the relationship of distribution of the control results around the central point mean ?
describe the appearance of Cabot Rings
thin, reddish-vioelt-straining strands in the shapes of figure eights or the letter B
describe human ehrilchiosis
tickborne rickettsieae definative diagnosis is based on the inclusion of ehrlichia in an infected leukocyte detection of IgM or IgG antibodies are confirmatory results
in regards to acetaminophen benzoquinoneimine intermediate becomes toxic to the liver once ??
tissue gltathione becomes depleted
prolonged immersion of reagent strip procedure may wash out reagents true or false ?
true
what is associated w/ ITR but not usually w/ DHTR?
unexplained bleeding from surgical site
mode is the
value with the highest frequency within the data set
Wegener's disease is a condition that affects the
vascular system with autoantibodies formed against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens
using standard serum protein electrophoresis methods serum proteins separate into five bands in the following order (what is the order )
albumin travels the farthest toward the anode followed by a1-globulin, a2-globulin, B-globulin, and gamma-globulins
what is the effect of aging with the hormones of the endocrine system ?
aldosterone decreases and norepinephrine increases
a patient who has a primarily vegetarian diet will most likely have ?
an alkaline urine pH
target cells appear in perpheral blood due to ?
an increase in RBC surface membrane . these cells are found in many different kinds of anemia and most promnent in hemoglobinopathies thalassemia and liver diseases.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disorder in which
autoantibodies are formed against IgG
mean is the
average of data poins
in an standard electrophoretic separation, what zone appears first (anodal end) on the densitometric pattern?
Albumin
transverse and longitudinal septations are seen in conidia of
Alternaria species
polar gems are produced by
Bipolaris species
Which method is used to identify prior exposure to Mycobacterium exposure
Blood test known as intereron-gamma release assays
what blood cell inclusion cabe seen on Wrights stained blood smear?
Pappenheimer bodies, Dohle bodies, and Howell-Jolly bodies
what does desensitization and Non-sensitization have to do with ?
goal of reducing allergy/allergen reactions
CNA is a selective growth medium for the isolation of ?
gram postive cocci?
elliptocytes are rod-shaped cells that appear to have hemoglobin concentrated at both ends of the cell. these are found in ?
hereditary elliptocytosis which is and inherited conditon w/ 25-90% red cells in this elliptical shape .
polymorphonuclear neutrophils PMNs are particularly effective in ?
host defesen against bacterial and fungal infections. the antimicrobial function is essetnial in the innate immune response .
viscosity of synovial fluid is due to synoviocyte secretion of mucopolysaccharide which contains
hylauronic acid
how does the drug digoxin work ?
inhibits both celluar Na+ efflux and K+ influx in myocardial cells which is postulated to enhace movement of calcium ions in the cell increasing calcium ion availability and improving cardiac contractility
what is the drug primidone ?
is a barbiturate used to control seizures
what is the drug disopyramide ?
is an aniarrhythmic drug
What is the drug cyclosporine used for?
is an immunosupressive drug often used to supress graft rejection of transplanted oragans
thayer-martin is a selective medium used to ?
isolate Neisseria gonorrhoae with suppression of most other bacteria and yeast?
a characteristic of a good cardiac biomarker is that ?
it can be detected even if it is present in LOW concentration in the peripheral blood
Acetaminophen is largely metabolized in the ?
liver to glucuronide and sulfonate conjugates
phosphatidyl glycerol and lecithin are what and work how ?
lung surfacants present in amniotic fluid that serve as idicators of fetal lung maturity
the postive predicitive value of Borrelia burgdoferi antibody assay depends on the likelihood of what being present?
lyme disease
antigen processing is primiarily done by what type of cells ?
macrophages
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are defined cells capable of taking up antigen and presenting them to lymphocytes in a form that these cells can recognize APC include
macrophages, dendritic cells , B cells and even tissue cells.
macroovalocytes are a predominant feature in ?
megaloblastic anemia
in symptomatic patientss babesiosis usually is diagnosed by ?
microscopic examination of a stained blood smear. Acute and convalescent antibody titer may be useful for diagnsosis . Only IgG antibody determinations are performed . PCR amplification can be used for diagnosis
HDN is associated with alloantibodies from
mothers bloodstream directed against the babys antigens
myoglobin release is strongly associated w/ ?
muscle damage therefore it would most closely match the diagnosis of massive muscle trauma in this question
ovalocytes may be seen in ?
myelodysplastic and tahssemic syndromes
SOME faciltiies allowe plateletpheresis to be perfomed how often ?
once every 7 days
the biuret reaction for the analysis of serum protein depends on the number of k
peptide bonds
what is anaerobic non-spore forming Gram negative bacilli that have been associated with the intestinal tract they have characteristically produce pigmented colonies
porphyromonas spp
"after repeated analysis, the same result is achieved" described which of the following quality terms?
precision
a solution of gamma globulins containing anti-Rh(D) is given to an Rh(D) negative mother to ?
prevent fetal cells from intially sensitizing the mother
the term polar germ tubes comes from?
production of germ tubes extending from both sides of a conidia that has been incubated in an aqueous environment for several hours
normal viscocity of synovial fluid comes from polymerization of hyaluronic acid which provides ?
proper joint lubrication
the biuret method protein levels can be measure as the amount of peptide bonds present is usually representative of the amount protein present in grams. The presence of the peptide bonds in a sample does what ?
reacts w/ copper ions to produce violet color which can measured spectrophotometrically at 540 nm the Cu2+ complex of the biuret reaction does not bind to amino groups carboxyl groups or whole protein molecules only to peptide bonds
Systemic lupus erythematosus SLE is also a systemic disorder in which
several types of antinuclear autoantibodies are formed
an infant is not capable of producing antibodies until
six months of age
Mycobacterium marinum is normal flora to fish and commonly cuases ?
skin infections when open wounds come in contact with salto water or inadequatly chlroinated fresh water
what is a selective medium for Campylobacter jejuni ?
skirrow agar
What are Kupffer cells?
specialzied macrophages located in the liver, lining the walls of the sinusoids that form part of the mononuclear phagocyte system.
define the term is also a measure of precision and is calculated by taking the square root of the calculated variance
standard deviation
what is the predominant abnormal erythrocyte morphology assocaited with idiopathic myelofibrosis ?
teardrop cell aka dacrocytes
what does in vitro mean
testing in test tube to predict the potential for a successful transfusion before exposing the recipient to the blood products
define the term is a calculation within a group of numbers that looks at the average distance each data point is from the mean of the same set of data
variance its a precision term
mycobacterium scrofulaceum produces what color colonies when incubated in the dark or light ?
yellow making it a sscotochromogen
how much time must elapse between apheresis red blood cell donation ?
16 weeks
covert 800 microliters to millitiers
.80 mL
cystine-tellurite blood agar is used for isolating?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae (produces black colonies )
all of the following are true of Xanthochromia in CSF, except. A) an immature blood-brain barrier B) increased protein in CSF C) Elevated bilirubin in the blood D) clear appearance of CSF
D
what serologic test would be used for the diagnosis of Q-fever?
EIA or indirect immunoflouresence
what is anaerobic non spore forming Gram negative bacillus that has been associated with endogenous infections of the head and neck region in relation to dental biofilms?
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Anti-Fy3 is a rare antibody produced by?
Fy(a-b-) individuals lacking the Duffy glycoprotein
what blood cell inclsuion can be seen using a supervital stain ?
Heinz bodies
certain clinical conditions such as Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn HDFN Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction HTR, and Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia AIHA result from the attachment of antibodies or complement to human RBCs. What is this process called ?
In vivo sensitization
what virus or disease is screened for in blood donors only using the questions asked during the donor screening and selection process ?
Malaria
Mycobacterium kansasii is a common isolate in
NTM non-tuberculosis mycobacteria lung disesase but is also isolated in skin and soft tissue infections and is commonly disseminated in immunocompromised patients .
what is a morphological feature of Phialophora verrucosum
Urn or vase shaped phialides
what is albuterol and how and why is it used
a fast acting bronchodilator used during asthma attacks has short half life(around 5 hrs) safe drug wide therapeutic window
what is coefficient of variation ?
a measure of imprecision that is expressed as a percentage
Describe Babesia?
a rare tickborne disease that can be fatal parasitic disease that infects red blood cells.
basophils are important in body defense in the
acute, systemic, hypersensitivity reactions
the ideal biomarker for myocardial injury should be ?
-heart specific & not found in other tissues - released rapidly from the heart into the peripheral circulation -persist in the peripheral blood circulation for several days - rapidly detected in the lab
platelets may be donated every ?
48 hrs or twice a week
describe the anti-nuclear antibodies
95% of patients with SLE will test postive
what is the activation unit in the classical complement pathway ?
C5, C6, C7, C8, C9
if a patient is determined to have type AB blood , what antibody would be found in his-her serum?
No anti-A no Anti-B antibodies
define the term is obtained when the result obtained is the true value
accuracy
cranberry juice produces what kind of urine ?
acidic
a patient on high protein and high meat diets tend to produce
acidic urine
what is anaerobic non spore forming Gram negative bacilli that have been associated with endogenous infections associated with the oral and gastrointestinal tract it is the most commonly isolated anaerobic organism frim clinical specimens
bacteroides fragilis
The components C5, C6, C7, C8, C9 combine together in the final steps of the classical pathway to form the membrane attack complex which will then
bind to foreign cells creating pores in the cell membranes that cause the cells to lyse
what is a characteristic of CSF fluid is present if blood is due to subarahnoid hemorrhage SAH
blood is evenly distributed in all tubes
acid phosphate is an enzyme component of semen produced by and function in what ?
by prostate gland and it works in coagualtion and liquefaction of semen
M.scrofulaceum is most commonly associated with ?
cervical lymphadenititis in children
what specimen collections methods should be used if urine cultures are required?
clean catch catheterized suprapubic aspiration
what is a spore forming anaerobe that is associated with neutropenic enterocolitis
clostridium septicum
an increase in carcinoembryonic antigen CEA levels is most closely associated with what organ?
colon
a small of amount of acetaminophen is metablized via ?
cytochrome oxidase to a reactive benzoquinoneimine intermediate
What is the Kleihauer-Betke test used for ?
differentiate between maternal and fetal red cells
what drug increases the force of myocardial muscle contractions?
digoxin
ovalocytes appear as?
egg shaped or oval w/ varibale hemoglobin content.
mycobactrium fortutitum is commonly isolated in the ?
enviroment and is implicated frequently in skin and soft tissue infections. M.forutium does not produce pigment in light or dark .
Parvovirus B19 is the only human pathogen in the family Parvoviridae It is most known for its association with which of the following diseases?
fifth disease
Myoglobinuria is a condition in which myoglobin heme containing protein in muscle is
found n urine due to muscle destruction it produces a clear red-brown urine
carcinoembryonic antigen CEA is a widely used tumor marker for?
gastrointestinal cancer however it is not useful for screening but is useful for following response to therapy and detecting recurrences after surgery