Astronomy Ch. 5

Choose the correct statement about aurorea.

Aurorae are caused by charged particles from the Sun striking atoms and molecules in Earth's atmosphere, exciting those atoms and causing them to emit light.

Approximately 80% of infrared (IR) radiation emitted by Earth is trapped by greenhouse gases, which causes the warming of Earth's atmosphere known as the greenhouse effect. Even though nitrogen (N2N2) and oxygen (O2O2) make up approximately 99% of the atmosphere, they do not contribute to the greenhouse effect. However, carbon dioxide (CO2CO2) is a major contributor. Why does CO2CO2 contribute to the greenhouse effect, whereas N2N2 and O2O2 do not?

CO2 is capable of absorbing infrared radiation, whereas N2 and O2 are not.

The amount of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2)(CO2) released into the atmosphere has increased markedly since the industrial revolution. Classify the statements as either causes or effects of increased atmospheric CO2.

Cause of increased CO2: internal combustion engines deforestation burning of fossil fuels Effect of increased CO2: breaking of ice shelves warming of the Earth increased plant growth

Select the correct order for the temperatures of the layers of the Earth, from the highest temperature to the lowest temperature.

Core, mantle, crust

Select the correct order of the layers of Earth's interior, from the surface to the center

Crust, mantle, core

Choose the correct statement about earthquake waves.

Seismic waves follow curved paths because of differences in the density and composition of the material in Earth's interior.

Which of these statements is true about plate tectonics?

The surface of the Earth

Identify which statements about Earth's magnetic field are true and which are false.

True: Earth's magnetosphere is a region beyond the atmosphere where the magnetic field protects Earth from the solar wind. The magnetic field of the Earth is generated by electric currents flowing in its molten interior. False: Earth's magnetic field is caused by a magnetized solid iron core in its interior. The Earths magnetic poles act like a bar magnet and are exactly aligned with Earth's rotational axis. Earth's magnetic field is caused by magnetic material left over from its formation located underground near the poles. Earth's magnetosphere is confined to its molten core where electric currents produce a magnetic field.

What is the main cause of global warming?

an increased concentration of CO2CO2 and other greenhouse gases

The mantle is the _________________ layer of the Earth and it is ____________.

middle, solid

Identify the characteristics expected in a terrestrial Solar System body that have experienced differentiation. Characteristics of a differentiated body

spherical, metal core, rocky crust, low-density crust

A visible disturbance propagates around a crowded soccer stadium when fans, section by section, jump up and then sit back down. What type of wave is this?

transverse wave

The ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere protects the Earth's surface from

ultraviolet radiation